Study and Application of a New Association Polymer System for Profile Control

A new polymer system, referred to simply as the AP-P4 polymer system, aims at solving the problems of high temperature, high salinity and the poor shearing resistance, all of which are encountered by conventional polymers (such as polyacrylamide) used in profile control, profile performance improvement and EOR operations in the Zhongyuan Oilfield, Sinopec. This system has been developed on the basis of the specific molecular structure and the better properties of high temperature resistance, high salinity resistance and strong shearing resistance of the new type of AP-P4 association polymer. Acidity modifying agents and cross-linking agents (MZ-YL, MZ-BE, MZ-XS), compatible with the new polymer system, are selected. Results of performance tests have shown that the new polymer system has excellent thickening, high temperature, high salinity and shearing resistance and anti-dehydrating properties. In 2003, it underwent its first pilot test in 26 wells in China, with remarkable effects in increasing oil production and decreasing water production. The newly developed polymer system and its application technology described in this paper may play a guiding role in polymer profile control operations in the oil reservoirs of high temperature and high salinity.

The Application of Weighted Association Rules in Host-Based Intrusion Detection System

Association rules are useful for determining correlations between items. Applying association rules to intrusion detection system (IDS) can improve the detection rate, but false positive rate is also increased. Weighted association rules are used in this paper to mine intrustion models, which can increase the detection rate and decrease the false positive rate by some extent. Based on this, the structure of host-based IDS using weighted association rules is proposed.

Association of Serotonin Receptors with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder： A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is one of the most common mental disorders in childhood, with a high heritability about 60% to 90%. Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter. Numerous studies have reported the association between the serotonin receptor family （5-HTR） gene polymorphisms and ADHD, but the results are still controversial. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of the association between 5-HTRIB, 5-HTR2A, and 5-HTR2C genetic variants and ADHD. The results showed that the 861G allele of 5-HTRIB SNP rs6296 could significantly increase the risk of ADHD （OR= 1.09, 95% CI： 1.01-1.18）; the 5-HTR2C gene rs518147 （OR=1.69, 95% CI： 1.38-2.07） and rs3813929 （OR = 1.57, 95% CI： 1.25-1.97） were all associated with the risk of ADHD. In addition, we also carried on a case- control study to explore the relevance between potential candidate genes 5-HTR1A, 5-HTRIE, 5-HTR3A and ADHD. The results indicated that 5-HTRIA rs6295 genotype （CC＋CG vs. GG OR=Z00, 95% CI： 1.23-3.27） and allele （OR=1.77, 95% CI： 1.16-2.72） models were statistically significantly different between case group and control group. This study is the first comprehensive exploration and summary of the association between serotonin receptor family genetic variations and ADHD, and it also provides more evidence for the etiology of ADHD.

Association between metabolic syndrome and body constitution of traditional Chinese medicine:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:The constitution theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)states that body constitution and disease are associated;therefore,the identification of body constitution can provide reference for disease prevention and treatment.A series of clinical studies evaluating the association between TCM constitution and metabolic syndrome(MetS)have been conducted in recent years.The aim of this systematic review is to summarize and evaluate the clinical evidence of the relationship between constitution and MetS.Methods:The PubMed,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chongqing VIP,and Wanfang Data electronic databases were searched from April 2009 to July 2020.The search terms included“metabolic syndrome,”“constitution,”and“Chinese medicine.”Observational studies evaluating the relationship between body constitution of TCM and MetS were included.The primary outcome included the distribution of constitutional types in the MetS population,and odds ratio(OR)or relative risk(RR)between constitution and MetS.Effect size was expressed as proportion or OR with 95%confidence interval(CI).Methodological quality of included studies was evaluated by the NewcastleeOttawa Scale(NOS)or the American Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ)criteria.Results:Three caseecontrol and 26 cross-sectional studies involving 30435 cases were included.Phlegm-dampness,qi-deficiency,and damp-heat were the main constitution types in patients with MetS,accounting for 29%(22%e39%),18%(13%e24%),and 12%(9%e17%)of the population,respectively;the risk of MetS in people with phlegm-dampness and qi-deficiency constitution was 1.74[1.27,2.38]and 1.29[1.01,1.65]times higher than that in those with other constitutions.There were sex-and age-related differences in the distribution of TCM constitution in patients with MetS.Conclusion:Phlegm-dampness and qi-deficiency were associated with the occurrence of MetS.Welldesigned cohort and caseecontrol studies are needed to provide evidence for the use of TCM to prevent and treat MetS.

Study on data association algorithm of multi-passive-sensor location system

Aiming at three-passive-sensor location system, a generalized 3-dimension （3-D） assignment model is constructed based on property information, and a multi-target programming model is proposed based on direction-finding and property fusion information. The multi-target programming model is transformed into a single target programming problem to resolve, and its data association result is compared with the results which are solved by using one kind of information only. Simulation experiments show the effectiveness of the multi-target programming algorithm with higher data association accuracy and less calculation.

Mining association rules in incomplete information systems

Based on the rough set theory which is a powerful tool in dealing with vagueness and uncertainty, an algorithm to mine association rules in incomplete information systems was presented and the support and confidence were redefined. The algorithm can mine the association rules with decision attributes directly without processing missing values. Using the incomplete dataset Mushroom from UCI machine learning repository, the new algorithm was compared with the classical association rules mining algorithm based on Apriori from the number of rules extracted, testing accuracy and execution time. The experiment results show that the new algorithm has advantages of short execution time and high accuracy.

Chinese Anti-Cancer Association as a non-governmental organization undertakes systematic cancer prevention work in China

Cancer has become the first leading cause of death in the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Facing the increasing trend of cancer incidence and mortality, China issued and implemented ＂three-early（early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment）＂ national cancer prevention plan. As the main body and dependence of social governance, non-governmental organizations（NGOs） take over the role of government in the field of cancer prevention and treatment. American Cancer Society（ACS） made a research on cancer NGOs and civil society in cancer control and found that cancer NGOs in developing countries mobilize civil society to work together and advocate governments in their countries to develop policies to address the growing cancer burden. Union for International Cancer Control（UICC）, Cancer Council Australia（CCA）, and Malaysian cancer NGOs are the representatives of cancer NGOs in promoting cancer control. Selecting Chinese Anti-Cancer Association（CACA） as an example in China, this article is to investigate how NGOs undertake systematic cancer prevention work in China. By conducting real case study, we found that, as a NGO, CACA plays a significant role in intensifying the leading role of government in cancer control, optimizing cancer outcomes, decreasing cancer incidence and mortality rates and improving public health.

A Hybrid Web Recommendation System Based on the Improved Association Rule Mining Algorithm

As the growing interest of web recommendation systems those are applied to deliver customized data for their users, we started working on this system. Generally the recommendation systems are divided into two major categories such as collaborative recommendation system and content based recommendation system. In case of collaborative recommendation systems, these try to seek out users who share same tastes that of given user as well as recommends the websites according to the liking given user. Whereas the content based recommendation systems tries to recommend web sites similar to those web sites the user has liked. In the recent research we found that the efficient technique based on association rule mining algorithm is proposed in order to solve the problem of web page recommendation. Major problem of the same is that the web pages are given equal importance. Here the importance of pages changes according to the frequency of visiting the web page as well as amount of time user spends on that page. Also recommendation of newly added web pages or the pages that are not yet visited by users is not included in the recommendation set. To overcome this problem, we have used the web usage log in the adaptive association rule based web mining where the association rules were applied to personalization. This algorithm was purely based on the Apriori data mining algorithm in order to generate the association rules. However this method also suffers from some unavoidable drawbacks. In this paper we are presenting and investigating the new approach based on weighted Association Rule Mining Algorithm and text mining. This is improved algorithm which adds semantic knowledge to the results, has more efficiency and hence gives better quality and performances as compared to existing approaches.

Track-to-Track Association Technique in Radar Network in the Presence of Systematic Errors

The presence of systematic measuring errors complicates track-to-track association, spatially separates the tracks that correspond to the same true target, and seriously decline the performances of traditional track-to-track association algorithms. Consequently, the influence of radar systematic errors on tracks from different radars, which is described as some rotation and translation, has been analyzed theoretically in this paper. In addition, a novel approach named alignment-correlation method is developed to estimate and reduce this effect, align and correlate tracks accurately without prior registration using phase correlation technique and statistic binary track correlation algorithm. Monte-Carlo simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithm has good performance in solving the track-to-track association problem with systematic errors in radar network and could provide effective and reliable associated tracks for the next step of registration.

The Books Recommend Service System Based on Improved Algorithm for Mining Association Rules

The Apriori algorithm is a classical method of association rules mining.Based on analysis of this theory,the paper provides an improved Apriori algorithm.The paper puts foward with algorithm combines HASH table technique and reduction of candidate item sets to enhance the usage efficiency of resources as well as the individualized service of the data library.

The Standard Association Constant of Ion Pair [GaCl]^(2+)in the System of HCl+GaCl_3+H_2O

The standard association constants of ionic pair [GaCl]2+, Kas, were determined by emf(electromotive force) method at 278.15 to 318.15 K. The thermodynamic quantities for the ionic association process were calculated and it was pointed that the association entropy is driving force to form the ionic pair.

Track Association for Dynamic Target Tracking System Based on AP Algorithm

Track association of multi-target has been recognized as one of the key technologies in distributed multiple-sensor data fusion system,and its accuracy directly impacts on the performance of the whole tracking system.A multi-sensor data association is proposed based on aftinity propagation(AP)algorithm.The proposed method needs an initial similarity,a distance between any two points,as a parameter,therefore,the similarity matrix is calculated by track position,velocity and azimuth of track data.The approach can automatically obtain the optimal classification of uncertain target based on clustering validity index.Furthermore,the same kind of data are fused based on the variance of measured data and the fusion result can be taken as a new measured data of the target.Finally,the measured data are classified to a certain target based on the nearest neighbor ideas and its characteristics,then filtering and target tracking are conducted.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively achieve multi-sensor and multi-target track association.

Association between exposure to particulate matter during pregnancy and birthweight:a systematic review and a metaanalysis of birth cohort studies

Studies of the associations between maternal exposure to particulate matter(PM) and risk of adverse effects on fetal growth are inconsistent and inconclusive. This question can be well answered by carefully designed birth cohort studies; however, so far the evidence from such studies has not come to the same conclusion. We sought to evaluate the association between maternal exposures to PM and low birthweight(LBW) enrolling 14 studies from 11 centers,and to explore the influence of trimester and exposure assessment methods on between-center heterogeneity in this association. Data were derived from PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, CNKI, and WanFang database, references from relevant articles, and results from published studies until March 2017. Using a random-effects meta-analysis, we combined the coefficient and odds ratios(OR) of individual studies conducted among 14 birth cohort studies.Random-effect meta-analysis results suggested that a 17% and 6% increase in risk of LBW was relevant to a 10 μg/m^3 rise in PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) exposure concentrations at the 3 rd trimester(pooled odds ratios(OR), 1.17 and 1.06; 95%confidence interval(CI), 0.94-1.46 and 0.97-1.15, respectively), but the null value was included in our 95% CI. Our results showed that exposure to PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) during pregnancy has a positive relevance to LBW based on birth cohort studies. However, neither reached formal statistical significance. Negative impacts on outcomes of birth is implied by maternal exposure to PM. Further mechanistic researches are needed to explain the connection between PM pollution and LBW.

Fluorescence Spectral Study on the Rhodamine B-I_3^- Association Nanoparticle System and Its Analytical Applications

In acid medium, rhodamine B（RhB）, rhodamine S（RhS）, rhodamine 6G（RhG） and butyl rhodamine B（b-RhB） have a fluorescence peak at 580, 549, 553 and 580nm, respectively. BrO^-3 oxidizes excess I^- into I^-3 Rhodamine dyes combine I^-3 to form ion association nanoparticles, resulting in fluorescence quenching at 580, 549, 553 and 580 rim, respectively. The fluorescence quenching intensity is proportional to the concentration of BrO^-3 in the range of 0.020 4 - 0.710 μg/mL for RhB, 0.025 - 0. 512μg/mL for RhS, 0.025 - 0.260 μg/mL for RhG, 0.025 - 1.28μg/mL for b-RhB, respectively. In the four systems, RhB system has good stability and high sensitivity. Thus, a simple, sensitive fluorescence method was proposed for the determination of BrO^-3 in commercial bread additives and flours, with satisfactory results. The results of the fluorescence spectra and scan electron microscopy show that the formation of about 60 ran （RhB - I^-3） n association nanoparticles and the interface between the nanoparticles and solution are main factors that cause the fluorescence quenching.

Personalized Recommendation Algorithm Based on Rating System and User Interest Association Network

In most available recommendation algorithms, especially for rating systems, almost all the high rating information is utilized on the recommender system without using any low-rating information, which may include more user information and lead to the accuracy of recommender system being reduced. The paper proposes a algorithm of personalized recommendation (UNP algorithm) for rating system to fully explore the similarity of interests among users in utilizing all the information of rating data. In UNP algorithm, the similarity information of users is used to construct a user interest association network, and a recommendation list is established for the target user with combining the user interest association network information and the idea of collaborative filtering. Finally, the UNP algorithm is compared with several typical recommendation algorithms (CF algorithm, NBI algorithm and GRM algorithm), and the experimental results on Movielens and Netflix datasets show that the UNP algorithm has higher recommendation accuracy.

Structural Association of Endoplasmic Reticulum with Other Membrane Systems in Populus deltoides Apical Bud Cells and Its Alterations During the Short Day_induced Dormancy

Electron microscopic observations revealed that the tissues of poplar ( Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh) apical bud cells, which were fixed by a modified procedure of potassium permanganate fixative, showed a distinct endomembrane organization, in particular, the structural associations of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with other membrane systems. The striking findings are that some ER elements were in connection with the nuclear envelopes of two adjacent cells through plasmodesmata, and many ER elements were also associated with mitochondria, plastids, Golgi bodies or the plasma membrane (PM), forming a bridge_like continuum among various endomembrane systems or between nucleus to nucleus. A great number of plasmodesmata existed between cells, indicating a perfectly integrated symplasmic structure in poplar apical bud meristem grown in a long day environment. During the short day_induced dormancy, ER contracted, leading to its disassociation between nuclei, and between the nucleus and organelles/plasmalemma in many cells. After dormancy broke and shoots growth resumed, contracted ER was no longer observed in the apical bud cells. The ER associations with other endomembrane systems and the intercellular communication channels were re_established similar to that of plants before dormancy induction. These observations suggest that ER may play an important role in linking_up between the nucleus and organelles, and between the nucleus and the nucleus (or cell_to_cell), and seemingly coordinating various physiological processes by the bridging_like associations. And the contraction of ER under short_day may result in the growth cessation and the development of dormancy in poplar.

Epistasis-aware genome-wide association studies provide insights into the efficient breeding of high-yield and high-quality rice

Marker-assisted selection(MAS)and genomic selection(GS)breeding have greatly improved the efficiency of rice breeding.Due to the influences of epistasis and gene pleiotropy,ensuring the actual breeding effect of MAS and GS is still a difficult challenge to overcome.In this study,113 indica rice varieties(V)and their 565 testcross hybrids(TC)were used as the materials to investigate the genetic basis of 12 quality traits and nine agronomic traits.The original traits and general combining ability of the parents,as well as the original traits and midparent heterosis of TC,were subjected to genome-wide association analysis.In total,381 primary significantly associated loci(SAL)and 1,759 secondary SALs that had epistatic interactions with these primary SALs were detected.Among these loci,322 candidate genes located within or nearby the SALs were screened,204 of which were cloned genes.A total of 39 MAS molecular modules that are beneficial for trait improvement were identified by pyramiding the superior haplotypes of candidate genes and desirable epistatic alleles of the secondary SALs.All the SALs were used to construct genetic networks,in which 91 pleiotropic loci were investigated.Additionally,we estimated the accuracy of genomic prediction in the parent V and TC by incorporating either no SALs,primary SALs,secondary SALs or epistatic effect SALs as covariates.Although the prediction accuracies of the four models were generally not significantly different in the TC dataset,the incorporation of primary SALs,secondary SALs,and epistatic effect SALs significantly improved the prediction accuracies of 5(26%),3(16%),and 11(58%)traits in the V dataset,respectively.These results suggested that SALs and epistatic effect SALs identified based on an additive genotype can provide considerable predictive power for the parental lines.They also provide insights into the genetic basis of complex traits and valuable information for molecular breeding in rice.

A micro-crosslinked amphoteric hydrophobic association copolymer as high temperature-and salt-resistance fluid loss reducer for water-based drilling fluids

During ultradeep oil and gas drilling,fluid loss reducers are highly important for water-based drilling fluids,while preparing high temperature-and salt-resistance fluid loss reducers with excellent rheology and filtration performance remains a challenge.Herein,a micro-crosslinked amphoteric hydrophobic association copolymer(i.e.,DADC)was synthesized using N,N-dimethyl acrylamide,diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid,hydrophobic monomer,and pentaerythritol triallyl ether crosslinker.Due to the synergistic effects of hydrogen bonds,electrostatic interaction,hydrophobic association,and micro-crosslinking,the DADC copolymer exhibited outstanding temperature-and salt-resistance.The rheological experiments have shown that the DADC copolymer had excellent shear dilution performance and a certain degree of salt-responsive viscosity-increasing performance.The DADC copolymer could effectively adsorb on the surface of bentonite particles through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds,which bring more negative charge to the bentonite,thus improving the hydration and dispersion of bentonite particles as well as the colloidal stability of the drilling fluids.Moreover,the drilling fluids constructed based on the DADC copolymer exhibited satisfactory rheological and filtration properties(FLHTHP=12 m L)after aging at high temperatures(up to200℃)and high salinity(saturated salt)environments.Therefore,this work provided new insights into designing and fabricating high-performance drilling fluid treatment agents,demonstrating good potential applications in deep and ultradeep drilling engineering.

Distribution and dynamics of niche and interspecific association of dominant phytoplankton species in the Feiyun River basin,Zhejiang,China

To investigate the dominant species and interspecific association in the phytoplankton community of the Feiyun River basin in Zhejiang Province,East China,the main stream and the Shanxi Zhaoshandu Reservoir in the downstream were chosen as the study area,for which 22 sampling sites were designated.Sampling was conducted in September 2021,January,May,and July 2022.Phytoplankton species were identified from both quantitative samples and in-vivo observations.Phytoplankton was quantified by direct counting.Results show that there were 98 species belonging to 6 phyla and 78 genera.In addition,to clarify the niches of the dominant phytoplankton species and their interspecific association,the dominance index was calculated,and a comprehensive analysis was conducted including niche width,niche overlap value,ecological response rate,overall association,chi-square test,and the stability.The phytoplankton community exhibited characteristics of a Cyanobacteria-Chlorophyta-Diatom type community,showing higher diversity in spring and lower diversity in summer.Among 11 dominants phytoplankton species from 3 phyla,both frequency and dominance degree varied seasonally,of which Microcystis sp.was the dominant species in Spring,Autumn,and Winter.The niche widths of the dominant species ranged from 0.234 to 0.933,and were categorized into three groups.The niche overlap values of the 11 dominant species ranged from 0.359 to 0.959,exhibiting significant seasonal differences-highest in winter followed by autumn,spring,and summer in turn.The overall correlation among dominant species in all four seasons revealed a non-significant negative association,resulting in an unstable community structure.A significant portion(84.2%)of species pairs displayed positive associations,suggesting a successional pattern where Diatoms dominated while other dominant species shared resources and space.Despite this pattern,stability measurements indicated that the dominant species community remained unstable.Therefore,careful monitoring is recommended for potential water environment issues arising from abnormal proliferation of dominant species in the watershed during winter.This research built a theoretical foundation with a data support to the early warning of eutrophication and provided a reference for water resources management in similar watersheds along the eastern coast of China.