Force/Moment Isotropy of 8/4-4 Parallel Six-Axis Force Sensor Based on Performance Atlases

A six-axis force sensor with parallel 8/4-4 structure is introduced and its measurement principle is analyzed.Based on condition numbers of Jacobian matrix spectral norm of the sensor,the relationship between the force and moment isotropy and some structural parameters is deduced.Orthogonal test methods are used to determine the degree of primary and secondary factors that have significant effect on sensor characteristics.Furthermore,the relationship between each performance index and the structural parameters of the sensor is analyzed by the method of the atlas,which lays a foundation for structural optimization design of the force sensor.

Electronic geothermal atlases of Asian Russia

Generalized geothermal data was used to produce two electronic atlases for Asian Russia,Geothermal Atlas of Siberia（GAS）（1995-2000） and Geothermal Atlas for Siberia and Russian Far East（GASRFE）（2009-2012）.The atlases include heat flow maps,temperatures at depths of 0.5,1,2,3,5 km and lower boundary of permafrost.Quantitative values of parameters are presented as isolines（GAS） and symbols（GASRFE）.GAS website is located at the Trofimuk Institute（www.ipgg.sbras.ru/ru/institute/structure/geophysics/natural-fields）.GASRFE provides the most complete geothermal data on Asian Russia,which has been growing for the last 50 years,and is published on the Internet at http：//maps.nrcgit.ru/geoterm.In this atlas,data about the depth of permafrost lower boundary（ ＂zero＂ isotherm） are presented for the first time.

Optimal Design of a Main Driving Mechanism for Servo Punch Press Based on Performance Atlases

The servomotor drive turret punch press is attracting more attentions and being developed more intensively due to the advantages of high speed,high accuracy,high flexibility,high productivity,low noise,cleaning and energy saving.To effectively improve the performance and lower the cost,it is necessary to develop new mechanisms and establish corresponding optimal design method with uniform performance indices.A new patented main driving mechanism and a new optimal design method are proposed.In the optimal design,the performance indices,i.e.,the local motion/force transmission indices ITI,OTI,good transmission workspace good transmission workspace(GTW) and the global transmission indices GTIs are defined.The non-dimensional normalization method is used to get all feasible solutions in dimensional synthesis.Thereafter,the performance atlases,which can present all possible design solutions,are depicted.As a result,the feasible solution of the mechanism with good motion/force transmission performance is obtained.And the solution can be flexibly adjusted by designer according to the practical design requirements.The proposed mechanism is original,and the presented design method provides a feasible solution to the optimal design of the main driving mechanism for servo punch press.

基于ICESat-2和Sentinel-2A数据的森林蓄积量反演

森林蓄积量是林业调查的重要指标,在衡量森林健康状况和评价森林固碳能力等方面发挥重要作用,协同主被动遥感是当前反演大区域森林蓄积量的主要手段。以云南香格里拉森林为研究区,分别提取ICESat-2/ATLAS和Sentinel-2A影像的特征变量,并通过相关性分析和共线性诊断方法筛选特征变量,构建Sentinel-2A变量集和ICESat-2/ATLAS变量集,以及二者联合的变量集,然后结合样地实测数据与3个特征变量集,采用逐步线性回归和随机森林方法分别建立线性和非线性回归模型,反演森林蓄积量,并对结果进行精度验证及对比分析。研究结果表明:对3个变量集,随机森林方法精度均优于逐步线性回归;ICESat-2/ATLAS变量集在2种回归方法下的反演精度均高于Sentinel-2A变量集;联合Sentinel-2A和ICESat-2/ATLAS变量集,随机森林方法的反演精度最高,其R 2,RMSE和rRMSE分别为0.7034,84.78 m^(3)/hm^(2)和36.46%。整体来说,与Sentinel-2A数据相比,基于ICESat-2/ATLAS数据及其与多源数据联合的反演模型均可以提高森林蓄积量反演精度和模型稳定性。

Neuroform Atlas支架在宽颈颅内动脉瘤的应用价值

目的探讨颅内宽颈动脉瘤栓塞治疗中Neuroform Atlas支架的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析52例宽颈动脉瘤患者的临床资料,均在Neuroform Atlas支架的辅助下成功完成介入栓塞手术治疗。采用Raymond Roy分级评估动脉瘤栓塞情况,改良Rankin量表(Modified Rankin Scale,mRS)评分评估患者预后,对术后并发症与动脉瘤复发进行总结结果在52例宽颈动脉瘤患者中,动脉瘤位于大脑中动脉6例,前交通动脉14例,后交通动脉22例,大脑前动脉2例,基底动脉尖2例,椎动脉V4段2例,眼动脉段4例。40例破裂动脉瘤,12例未破裂动脉瘤。术后脑梗死2例,脑梗死合并出血2例,围手术期未见其他明显的介入相关并发症。术后即刻造影显示动脉瘤完全闭塞40例、瘤颈残留6例、瘤体小部分残瘤6例;随访6~12个月,动脉瘤完全闭塞46例,瘤颈残留4例,瘤体小部分残留2例。mRS评分在出院时:0分38例,1分10例,2分2例,3分2例;随访6~12个月,mRS评分0分46例,1分4例,2分2例。结论宽颈动脉瘤患者使用Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞,具有手术成功率高、并发症低等优点,但需进一步跟踪观察其远期效果。

基于星载光子计数雷达数据的森林郁闭度估测模型优化

【目的】旨在评估星载光子计数雷达数据估测森林郁闭度(Forest Canopy Closure,FCC)的潜力,为优化森林管理规划提出一种高效率、低成本估测区域尺度FCC的新技术方法。【方法】研究以星载激光雷达ICESat-2/ATLAS光子点云数据为信息源,以滇西北生态脆弱区香格里拉为研究区,结合54块地面实测样地数据,在前期对点云数据进行去噪、分类等预处理的基础上,对研究区74808个有林地光斑冠层参数进行提取(共计59个),使用支持向量机的递归特征消除算法(SVM-RFE)优选特征变量,采用普通克里格(OK)插值出区域尺度特征变量的空间分布,基于贝叶斯优化(BO)算法改进后的随机森林(RF)、K-最近邻值法(KNN)、梯度回归(GBRT)模型建模,以决定系数(R^(2))、均方根误差(RMSE)、总体预测精度(P)、残差平方和(R_(SS))和相对均方根误差(R_(RMSE))作为模型评价指标,以此构建研究区FCC估测模型。【结果】1)由ICESat-2/ATLAS提取的光斑冠层参数经SVM-RFE优选后,6个(asr、n_toc_photons、n_ca_photons、h_min_canopy、toc_roughness、photon_rate_can)冠层参数的平均交叉验证精度高为0.60,可作为OK插值变量;2)以优选的冠层参数作为OK插值变量拟合最佳半方差函数,所有变量的块金效应(SR<25%)较弱,具有强烈的空间自相关性,除asr变量的最佳拟合模型为球状模型(R^(2)=0.689,R_(SS)=2.05×10^(-6),R_(RMSE)=0.1602)外,其余5个变量的最佳拟合模型均为指数模型(R^(2),0.71~0.93;R_(SS),2.34×10^(-9)~1.54×10^(-4);R_(RMSE),0.0239~0.1886);3)在BO-RF、BO-GBRT、BO-KNN郁闭度估测模型中,以BO-RF模型综合建模精度最高(R^(2)=0.73,RMSE=0.09、P=80.13%),可作为研究区FCC遥感估测模型;4)使用BO-RF模型估测的研究区FCC进行空间制图,均值为0.53,主要分布在0.3~0.6之间,占比77.44%。FCC高值区域总体呈现出由东南向北延伸分布的趋势,与研究区森林资源分布情况基本一致。【结论】该方法可为优化森林资源管理提供一种技术与方法上的参考。

Mapping lineaments using Landsat 8 OLI and SRTM data;a case study of the eastern part of the Ouarzazate Basin,Morocco

The integration of remote sensing and geographic information system(GIS)was employed in this study to delineate the structural lineaments within the eastern section of the Ouarzazate Basin,situated between the southern front of the Central High Atlas and the northern slopes of the Eastern Anti-Atlas(also known as the Saghro Massif).To achieve this objective,Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)data were used.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was computed and a directional filter was applied to the first PCA and the panchromatic band(B8).Additionally,shading was applied to the SRTM data in four directions;N0°,N45°,N90°,N135°.After removing of the non-geological linear structures,the results obtained,using the automatic extraction method,allowed us to produce a synthetic map that included 1251 lineaments with an average length of 1331 m and was dominated by NE-SW,ENE-WSW and E-W directions,respectively.However,the high lineament density is clearly noted in the Anti-Atlas(Saghro Massif)and at the level of the northern part,extending from the Ait Ibrirne to Arg-Ali Oubourk villages.High lineament density can always be found around the major faults affecting this area.The data collected during the field investigations and from geological maps show that the major direction of the faults and structural accidents range mostly between N45°,N70°and N75°.The correlation of remote sensing results with those collected in the field shows a similarity and coincidence with each other.From these results,it is possible to consider the automatic extraction method as a supplementary kind that can serve classical geology by quickly enriching it with additional data.As shown in this work,this method provides more information when applied in arid areas where the fields are well outcropped.

Comprehensive integration of single-cell transcriptomic data illuminates the regulatory network architecture of plant cell fate specification

Plant morphogenesis relies on precise gene expression programs at the proper time and position which is orchestrated by transcription factors(TFs)in intricate regulatory networks in a cell-type specific manner.Here we introduced a comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic atlas of Arabidopsis seedlings.This atlas is the result of meticulous integration of 63 previously published scRNA-seq datasets,addressing batch effects and conserving biological variance.This integration spans a broad spectrum of tissues,including both below-and above-ground parts.Utilizing a rigorous approach for cell type annotation,we identified 47 distinct cell types or states,largely expanding our current view of plant cell compositions.We systematically constructed cell-type specific gene regulatory networks and uncovered key regulators that act in a coordinated manner to control cell-type specific gene expression.Taken together,our study not only offers extensive plant cell atlas exploration that serves as a valuable resource,but also provides molecular insights into gene-regulatory programs that varies from different cell types.

Development and Validation of a Carbohydrate Metabolism-Related Model for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Landscape in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Objective The activities and products of carbohydrate metabolism are involved in key processes of cancer.However,its relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is unclear.Methods The cancer genome atlas(TCGA)-HCC and ICGC-LIRI-JP datasets were acquired via public databases.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between HCC and control samples in the TCGA-HCC dataset were identified and overlapped with 355 carbohydrate metabolism-related genes(CRGs)to obtain differentially expressed CRGs(DE-CRGs).Then,univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)analyses were applied to identify risk model genes,and HCC samples were divided into high/low-risk groups according to the median risk score.Next,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed on the risk model genes.The sensitivity of the risk model to immunotherapy and chemotherapy was also explored.Results A total of 8 risk model genes,namely,G6PD,PFKFB4,ACAT1,ALDH2,ACYP1,OGDHL,ACADS,and TKTL1,were identified.Moreover,the risk score,cancer status,age,and pathologic T stage were strongly associated with the prognosis of HCC patients.Both the stromal score and immune score had significant negative/positive correlations with the risk score,reflecting the important role of the risk model in immunotherapy sensitivity.Furthermore,the stromal and immune scores had significant negative/positive correlations with risk scores,reflecting the important role of the risk model in immunotherapy sensitivity.Eventually,we found that high-/low-risk patients were more sensitive to 102 drugs,suggesting that the risk model exhibited sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs.The results of the experiments in HCC tissue samples validated the expression of the risk model genes.Conclusion Through bioinformatic analysis,we constructed a carbohydrate metabolism-related risk model for HCC,contributing to the prognosis prediction and treatment of HCC patients.

3D建筑打印技术新发展——能否达到地下工程的使用要求?

3D建筑打印技术因无需建筑模板、作业过程高度自动化的特点,可以在实际应用中有效缩短工期,降低成本,并实现传统建筑无法达成的设计。多项相关技术的发展,使地下工程领域拥有了大规模运用3D建筑打印技术的可能性。材料改进。英国HS2工程的Atlas Road项目和Euston车站项目都试验性地使用了名为“Printfrastructure”的3D建筑打印技术。

Prognostic value of PEA3 subfamily gene expression in cholangiocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a lethal malignancy with limited treatment options and poor prognosis.The PEA3 subfamily of E26 transformation specific genes:ETV1,ETV4,and ETV5 are known to play significant roles in various cancers by influencing cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.AIM To analyze PEA3 subfamily gene expression levels in CCA and their correlation with clinical parameters to determine their prognostic value for CCA.METHODS The expression levels of PEA3 subfamily genes in pan-cancer and CCA data in the cancer genome atlas and genotype-tissue expression project databases were analyzed with R language software.Survival curve and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed using the SurvMiner,Survival,and Procr language packages.The gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2.0 database was used to analyze the expression levels of PEA3 subfamily genes in different subtypes and stages of CCA.Web Gestalt was used to perform the gene ontology/Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(GO/KEGG)analysis,and STRING database analysis was used to determine the genes and proteins related to PEA3 subfamily genes.RESULTS ETV1,ETV4,and ETV5 expression levels were significantly increased in CCA.There were significant differences in ETV1,ETV4,and ETV5 expression levels among the different subtypes of CCA,and predictive analysis revealed that only high ETV1 and ETV4 expression levels were significantly associated with shorter overall survival in patients with CCA.GO/KEGG analysis revealed that PEA3 subfamily genes were closely related to transcriptional misregulation in cancer.In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that PEA3 silencing inhibited the invasion and metastasis of CCA cells.CONCLUSION The expression level of ETV4 may be a predictive biomarker of survival in patients with CCA.

基于序贯高斯条件模拟的龙竹叶面积指数估测

叶面积指数(LAI)是评估森林生态系统健康状况的重要参数,为探究遥感数据在估测区域尺度森林LAI的能力,以搭载了先进地形激光测高仪系统(ATLAS)的冰、云和陆地高程卫星(ICESat-2)为主要信息源,协同陆地卫星(Landsat 9)及地形因子,结合51块实测样地数据,采用序贯高斯条件模拟(SGCS)方法与随机森林(RF)、梯度提升回归树(GBRT)、支持向量机(SVM)与K近邻(KNN)模型进行区域尺度的龙竹(Dendrocalamus giganteus)LAI遥感估测。结果表明:(1)在提取的46个ICESat-2/ATLAS光斑参数中,经Pearson相关性分析后,最佳拟合分段地形高度、插值地形表面高度、绝对平均冠层高度、太阳高度角4个特征参数与实测LAI具有显著相关性。(2)在RF、 GBRT、 SVM、 KNN模型中,多源遥感数据结合RF模型估测的LAI结果最佳,决定系数(R^(2))、均方根误差(E_(rms))、平均绝对误差(E_(ma))分别为0.901、0.352、 0.289。(3)使用SGCS方法及RF模型估测的研究区LAI为2.089~2.493,平均值为2.291。基于ICESat-2/ATLAS高密集光斑进行区域尺度LAI估测具有一定优势,光学影像数据及地形因子等辅助数据的加入,可有效提升模型估测精度,为高效率、低成本区域尺度LAI估测提供了案例,还为将ICESat-2/ATLAS数据与其他遥感影像相结合以估测其他森林结构参数提供了新的思路。

Identification and validation of a new prognostic signature based on cancer-associated fibroblast-driven genes in breast cancer

BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC),a leading malignant disease,affects women all over the world.Cancer associated fibroblasts(CAFs)stimulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and induce chemoresistance and immunosuppression.AIM To establish a CAFs-associated prognostic signature to improve BC patient out-come estimation.METHODS We retrieved the transcript profile and clinical data of 1072 BC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)databases,and 3661 BC samples from the The Gene Expression Omnibus.CAFs and immune cell infiltrations were quantified using CIBERSORT algorithm.CAF-associated gene identification was done by weighted gene co-expression network analysis.A CAF risk signature was established via univariate,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,and mul-tivariate Cox regression analyses.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)and Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to evaluate the predictability of the model.Subsequently,a nomogram was developed with the risk score and patient clinical signature.Using Spearman's correlations analysis,the relationship between CAF risk score and gene set enrichment scores were examined.Patient samples were collected to validate gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).RESULTS Employing an 8-gene(IL18,MYD88,GLIPR1,TNN,BHLHE41,DNAJB5,FKBP14,and XG)signature,we attemp-ted to estimate BC patient prognosis.Based on our analysis,high-risk patients exhibited worse outcomes than low-risk patients.Multivariate analysis revealed the risk score as an independent indicator of BC patient prognosis.ROC analysis exhibited satisfactory nomogram predictability.The area under the curve showed 0.805 at 3 years,and 0.801 at 5 years in the TCGA cohort.We also demonstrated that a reduced CAF risk score was strongly associated with enhanced chemotherapeutic outcomes.CAF risk score was significantly correlated with most hallmark gene sets.Finally,the prognostic signature were further validated by qRT-PCR.CONCLUSION We introduced a newly-discovered CAFs-associated gene signature,which can be employed to estimate BC patient outcomes conveniently and accurately.

Systematic analysis of DNA polymerases as therapeutic targets in pan-cancers

Introduction:DNA polymerases are crucial for maintaining genome stability and influencing tumorigenesis.However,the clinical implications of DNA polymerases in tumorigenesis and their potential as anti-cancer therapy targets are not well understood.Methods:We conducted a systematic analysis using TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas data and Gene Set Cancer Analysis results to examine the expression profiles of 15 DNA polymerases(POLYs)and their clinical correlations.We also evaluated the prognostic value of POLYs by analyzing their expression levels in relation to overall survival time(OS)using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Additionally,we investigated the correlations between POLY expression and immune cells,DNA damage repair(DDR)pathways,and ubiquitination.Drug sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the relationship between POLY expression and drug response.Results:Our analysis revealed that 14 out of 15 POLYs exhibited significantly distinct expression patterns between tumor and normal samples across most cancer types,except for DNA nucleotidylexotransferase(DNTT).Specifically,POLD1 and POLE showed elevated expression in almost all cancers,while POLQ exhibited high expression levels in all cancer types.Some POLYs showed heightened expression in specific cancer subtypes,while others exhibited low expression.Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated significant prognostic value of POLYs in multiple cancers,including PAAD,KIRC,and ACC.Cox analysis further validated these findings.Alteration patterns of POLYs varied significantly among different cancer types and were associated with poorer survival outcomes.Significant correlations were observed between the expression of POLY members and immune cells,DDR pathways,and ubiquitination.Drug sensitivity analysis indicated an inverse relationship between POLY expression and drug response.Conclusion:Our comprehensive study highlights the significant role of POLYs in cancer development and identifies them as promising prognostic and immunological biomarkers for various cancer types.Additionally,targeting POLYs therapeutically holds promise for tumor immunotherapy.

A Study of the Comets with Large Perihelion Distances C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)

This work analyzes the photometric data of the Oort spike comets C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)obtained between 2016 and 2023 by the ATLAS network and the Belgian Olmen Observatory.The comets Palomar and ATLAS have a typical and unusually high activity level,respectively,based on the Afρparameter corrected to phase angle zero at perihelion.The absolute magnitude of comets ATLAS and Palomar in the o-band is 4.71±0.05 and 4.16±0.02 respectively.The cometary activity of comets ATLAS and Palomar probably began at r>13 au before perihelion and will end at r>14 au after perihelion,which means that they could remain active until the second half of 2026.The nucleus of comet ATLAS has a minimum radius of 7.9 km,and the nucleus of comet Palomar could be a little larger.The c-o colors of the comets ATLAS and Palomar are redder and bluer,respectively,at perihelion than the solar twin YBP 1194.These comets showed a bluish trend in the coma color with decreasing heliocentric distance.Comet Palomar probably had two outbursts after its perihelion,each releasing about 10^(8)kg of dust.The slopes of the photometric profile of the comae of these comets were between 1and 1.5,indicating a steady state during the observation campaign.

基于生物信息技术分析GINS1基因在肺癌中的表达及意义

背景与目的 肺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤,大多数患者初次诊断时已发生转移,因此寻找肺癌新的诊断标志物并探索其在肺癌发生中的作用具有重要价值。基于生物信息数据探讨分析肺癌中GINS1基因与肺癌预后的相关性具有重要意义。方法 检索Oncomine、EGPIA、TCGA、Human protein atlas等基因数据库,分析GINS1基因在肺癌中的表达差异。应用蛋白质免疫印记法检测肺癌及癌旁组织中GINS1蛋白的表达水平,应用Kaplan-Meier进行患者生存分析,并利用String-DB数据库分析GINS1蛋白相互作用网络。结果 对Oncomine、GEPIA和The Human Protein Atlas数据库中肺癌与癌旁组织蛋白表达数据进行差异性分析,发现GINS1蛋白在肺癌组织中显著高表达,特别以肺腺癌、肺鳞癌中表达明显增加;通过生存分析发现高表达GINS1肺腺癌患者生存期明显低于低表达者,高表达患者预后更差;利用String-DB数据库发现与GINS1蛋白关联最为密切的为GINS蛋白家族(GINS2、GINS3、GINS4),其次为CDC45、MCM蛋白家族(MCM2、MCM3、MCM4、MCM5、MCM6、MCM7),富集分析发现互作蛋白主要参与DNA复制和细胞周期。结论GINS1基因在肺癌组织中显著高表达,与患者预后相关,其有可能成为肺癌诊断及药物治疗的新靶点。

磁共振图像引导下前列腺癌在线自适应放疗自动勾画研究

目的:探讨深度学习(deep learning,DL)和图谱库(Atlas)联合的MRI引导下在线自适应放疗自动勾画方案的勾画效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2021年9月在某院进行MRI引导下在线自适应放疗的15例前列腺癌患者,以随机抽样法分成训练集(12例)和测试集(3例)。基于训练集分别建立DL勾画和Atlas勾画的临床靶区(clinical target volume,CTV)和危及器官(organs at risk,OAR)模型,基于测试集分别对2种勾画模型的结果进行修改并记录修改时长。对比2种勾画方法的勾画精度[戴斯相似性系数(Dice similarity coefficient,DSC)、豪斯多夫距离(Hausdorff distance,HD)和平均一致性距离(mean distance to agreement,MDA)]和勾画效率。结合2种方法勾画的优势及特点,建立DL+Atlas联合自动勾画方案,对比DL+Atlas联合自动勾画方案与单独勾画方案的勾画用时。结果:勾画精度对比结果显示,与DL勾画的CTV和OAR模型相比,Atlas勾画的CTV各项指标均优于DL勾画,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在膀胱和直肠方面,Atlas勾画的DSC和MDA劣于DL勾画,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。勾画效率对比结果显示,医生以DL勾画为基准修改CTV和OAR的平均时间为9.4 min,以Atlas勾画为基准修改CTV和OAR的平均时间为12 min。DL+Atlas联合自动勾画方案所需平均时间为8 min,优于DL及Atlas单独勾画方案。结论:DL+Atlas联合的MRI引导下在线自适应放疗自动勾画方案勾画用时少,具有较高的准确性,可提升勾画效率。

Understanding the Activity Performance of Comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma,64P/Swift-Gehrels and C/2017 M4(ATLAS)through Broadband Photometric Observations

In this work,we report observations of three comets:38P/Stephan-Oterma,64P/Swift-Gehrels,and C/2017 M4(ATLAS),conducted with the Nanshan one-meter wide-field telescope in 2018 August and November,and 2019January.We extracted morphological features through image enhancement techniques and calculated the dust activity parameter,Afρ,along with dust mass loss rates and coma color indices using broadband photometric data.Our morphological analysis uncovered a spectrum of dust characteristics among the observed comets,ranging from a significant twisted structure in comet 38P/Stephan-Oterma’s coma to the regular coma envelope surrounding comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels.The Afρvalues varied between 148.8±0.3 cm for 64P/Swift-Gehrels and1118.5±6.2 cm for C/2017 M4(ATLAS)(measured within a reference aperture radius ofρ=6″),indicating a range from moderate to high activity levels.Dust mass loss rates were estimated from 328.1 kg s^(-1)for comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels to 1395.5 kg s^(-1)for comet C/2017 M4(ATLAS).The color indices of comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma and C/2017 M4(ATLAS)closely resemble the average colors of active short-period comets and active longperiod comets,respectively.In contrast,64P/Swift-Gehrels exhibits a significantly bluer hue than typical Jupiter family comets.

Relocation of Uppermost Mantle Earthquakes in the Atlas Mountains, Morocco

Upper mantle earthquakes are usually associated with plate boundary tectonics, but rarely occur beneath intracontinental orogenic belts. In the Moroccan Atlas Mountains, earthquakes determined at subcrustal depths are a controversial topic because they are few in number compared to subduction zones and are not related to plate boundary tectonics. A recent increase of broadband stations in Morocco has revealed numerous events below the Atlas belts, thought to occur from the upper mantle. Using additional available stations, these Atlas events were relocated and new epicenter resolutions were acquired following rigorous depth and RMS error criteria. 309 events were reprocessed and epicenter depths obtained were between 31 and 240 km during the last 23 years. Temporal variations of High Atlas events appear to be continually dipping while Anti Atlas events show no temporal variation trends. In addition, a recent strong event M6.8 occurred in September 2023 at the transition crust-uppermost mantle followed by several aftershocks which have been relocated at uppermost mantle depths. These events support delamination model under the High-Middle Atlas which could flow southward beneath the Anti Atlas lithosphere, and explain the large variation observed in lithosphere thickness between the High-Middle Atlas, and the Anti Atlas. Subcrustal events beneath the Atlas may be related to upper mantle earthquakes beneath the neighboring Canary Islands which have experienced recent swarms and eruptions. This possible correlation cannot be excluded since descending and ascending material is necessary for a regional geodynamic balance.

Atlas支架“类冰淇淋”技术在伴瘤颈发出重要分支血管的颅内动脉瘤栓塞中的应用

目的探讨Atlas支架“类冰淇淋”技术在伴瘤颈发出重要分支血管的颅内动脉瘤栓塞中应用的可行性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2022年9月采用Atlas支架辅助栓塞治疗的10例伴瘤颈发出重要分支血管的颅内动脉瘤的临床资料。结果10例DSA发现动脉瘤颈处发出重要分支血管,术中采用“类冰淇淋”技术辅助栓塞。术后造影显示支架在位良好,动脉瘤致密栓塞,载瘤动脉血流通畅,分支血管血流通畅,未发生出血或缺血性事件。8例术后6个月DSA复查未见动脉瘤复发,载瘤动脉通畅;2例失访。结论针对伴瘤颈发出重要分支血管的颅内动脉瘤,利用Atlas支架远端开环、精准释放、锚定特性的特性,使支架远端部分置于动脉瘤瘤颈,形成“类冰淇淋”技术,保护重要分支血管,支撑弹簧圈,可增加瘤腔内弹簧圈致密度并保护分支血管。