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Concentration Characteristics and Sources of Chemical Elements in Atmospheric Fine Particles (PM_(2.5)) in Autumn in Xi'an City 被引量:1
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作者 GAN Xiao-feng1,2, CAO Jun-ji2,3, WANG Qi-yuan4, SHEN Zhen-xing4, XU Hong-mei2 1. Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, China +1 位作者 3. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China 4. Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2011年第4期5-8,共4页
[Objective] The aim was to study the concentration characteristics and sources of chemical elements in atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) in autumn in Xi’an City. [Method] By means of mini-volume sampler, PM2.5 sampl... [Objective] The aim was to study the concentration characteristics and sources of chemical elements in atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) in autumn in Xi’an City. [Method] By means of mini-volume sampler, PM2.5 samples in atmosphere in Xi’an were collected in October 2009, and the concentration characteristics and sources of elements in PM2.5 were analyzed. [Result] The average mass concentration of PM2.5 in atmosphere in autumn in Xi’an City was 168.44 μg/m3 which was higher than that of Beijing and Pearl River Delta area, and the minimum and maximum value were 53.29 and 358.16 μg/m3, respectively. The mass concentration of S, Zn, K, Cl, Ca and Fe in PM2.5 was above 1.0 μg/m3, being at high pollution level. In addition, K had obvious correlation with organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC), with the correlation coefficients of 0.76 and 0.75 (P<0.000 1), respectively, and it showed that OC and EC had the same source as K, namely biomass burning had certain contribution to OC and EC. Enrichment factors analysis revealed that K, Ca, Fe, Ti, Mn and Cr mainly came from earth crust, rock weathering and other natural sources, while anthropogenic pollution sources had great effects on S, Zn, Cl, Pb, Br, Mo, Cd and As which were affected by soil dust and other natural sources slightly, and Cd had the highest enrichment factor and mainly came from metal smelting. In a word, coal combustion, biomass burning, vehicle emissions, metallurgical, chemical industry and dust were the main sources of PM2.5 in autumn in Xi’an. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical foundation for the control of urban environmental pollution. 展开更多
关键词 atmospheric fine particles Chemical element Enrichment factor Factor analysis China
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Real-time,single-particle chemical composition,volatility and mixing state measurements of urban aerosol particles in southwest China
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作者 Luyao Chen Junke Zhang +5 位作者 Jiaqi Li Xiaojuan Huang Yuzheng Xiang Jing Chen Tingru Pan Wei Zhang 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期361-371,共11页
To investigate the volatility of atmospheric particulates and the evolution of other particulate properties(chemical composition,particle size distribution and mixing state)with temperature,a thermodenuder coupled wit... To investigate the volatility of atmospheric particulates and the evolution of other particulate properties(chemical composition,particle size distribution and mixing state)with temperature,a thermodenuder coupled with a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer was used to conduct continuous observations of atmospheric fine particles in Chengdu,southwest China.Because of their complex sources and secondary reaction processes,the average mass spectra of single particles contained a variety of chemical components(including organic,inorganic and metal species).When the temperature rose from room temperature to280℃,the relative areas of volatile and semi-volatile components decreased,while the relative areas of less or non-volatile components increased.Most(>80%)nitrate and sulfate existed in the form of NH_(4)NO_(3)and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),and their volatilization temperatures were50–100℃and 150–280℃,respectively.The contribution of biomass burning(BB)and vehicle emission(VE)particles increased significantly at 280℃,which emphasized the important role of regional biomass burning and local motor vehicle emissions to the core of particles.With the increase in temperature,the particle size of the particles coated with volatile or semi-volatile components was reduced,and their mixing with secondary inorganic components was significantly weakened.The formation of K-nitrate(KNO_(3))and K-sulfate(KSO_(4))particles was dominated by liquid-phase processes and photochemical reactions,respectively.Reducing KNO_(3)and BB particles is the key to improving visibility.These new results are helpful towards better understanding the initial sources,pollution formation mechanisms and climatic effects of fine particulate matter in this megacity in southwest China. 展开更多
关键词 atmospheric fine particles TD-SPAMS Chemical composition VOLATILITY Mixing state
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Origin of high particle number concentrations reaching the St. Louis, Midwest Supersite 被引量:2
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作者 Benjamin de Foy James J.Schauer 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第8期219-231,共13页
Ultrafine particles are associated with adverse health effects. Total Particle Number Concentration(TNC) of fine particles were measured during 2002 at the St. Louis — Midwest supersite. The time series showed over... Ultrafine particles are associated with adverse health effects. Total Particle Number Concentration(TNC) of fine particles were measured during 2002 at the St. Louis — Midwest supersite. The time series showed overall low level with frequent large peaks. The time series was analyzed alongside criteria pollutant measurements and meteorological observations. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify further contributing factors and to determine the association of different pollutants with TNC levels. This showed the strong contribution of sulfur dioxide(SO2) and nitrogen oxides(NO x) to high TNC levels. The analysis also suggested that increased dispersion resulting from faster winds and higher mixing heights led to higher TNC levels. Overall, the results show that there were intense particle nucleation events in a SO2 rich plume reaching the site which contributed around 29% of TNC. A further 40% was associated with primary emissions from mobile sources. By separating the remaining TNC by time of day and clear sky conditions,we suggest that most likely 8% of TNC are due to regional nucleation events and 23% are associated with the general urban background. 展开更多
关键词 atmospheric aerosols particle number concentrations fine particles Sulfur dioxide plumes Mobile source emissions
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