Recent progresses on quantum control of cold atoms and trapped ions in both the scientific and technological aspects greatly advance the applications in precision measurement. Thanks to the exceptional controllability...Recent progresses on quantum control of cold atoms and trapped ions in both the scientific and technological aspects greatly advance the applications in precision measurement. Thanks to the exceptional controllability and versatility of these massive quantum systems, unprecedented sensitivity has been achieved in clocks, magnetometers, and interferometers based on cold atoms and ions. Besides, these systems also feature many characteristics that can be employed to facilitate the applications in different scenarios. In this review, we briefly introduce the principles of optical clocks, cold atom magnetometers, and atom interferometers used for precision measurement of time, magnetic field, and inertial forces. The main content is then devoted to summarize some recent experimental and theoretical progresses in these three applications, with special attention being paid to the new designs and possibilities towards better performance. The purpose of this review is by no means to give a complete overview of all important works in this fast developing field, but to draw a rough sketch about the frontiers and show the fascinating future lying ahead.展开更多
瑞典皇家科学院决定,授予路易·格劳伯(Roy J Glauber)、约翰·霍尔(John L Hall)和提阿多·汉斯(Theodor W Hnsch)2005年度的诺贝尔物理学奖。格劳伯是因为他在光相干的量子理论方面的贡献,霍尔和汉斯则是因为他们在发展...瑞典皇家科学院决定,授予路易·格劳伯(Roy J Glauber)、约翰·霍尔(John L Hall)和提阿多·汉斯(Theodor W Hnsch)2005年度的诺贝尔物理学奖。格劳伯是因为他在光相干的量子理论方面的贡献,霍尔和汉斯则是因为他们在发展激光精密光谱学,包括光频梳(optical frequency comb)技术方面的贡献,而分别获此殊荣的。按历史进程简单评述了现代量子光学的发端,给出了现代量子光学的内容概要,较详细地介绍了汉斯和霍尔是如何发展光频梳技术以精确测量光频的。展开更多
针对全球卫星导航系统服务(international global navigation satellite system service,IGS)发布的实时产品以及IGS跟踪站装备着高性能原子钟的现状,根据站钟的高稳定的特性,在实时精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)数据处...针对全球卫星导航系统服务(international global navigation satellite system service,IGS)发布的实时产品以及IGS跟踪站装备着高性能原子钟的现状,根据站钟的高稳定的特性,在实时精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)数据处理过程中,对接收机钟差参数建立历元间约束模型。试验选取5个IGS站连续21天观测数据,并接收法国国家太空研究中心发布的实时精密产品,用于分析历元间约束模型对实时GPS PPP动态定位的影响。结果表明,历元间约束的钟模型能够有效提高全球卫星导航系统高程分量的精度,提高程度可达23.16%。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11522436,11774425,11704408,and 91836106)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.Z180013)+1 种基金the Joint Fund of the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.6141A020333xx)the Research Funds of Renmin University of China(Grant Nos.16XNLQ03 and 18XNLQ15).
文摘Recent progresses on quantum control of cold atoms and trapped ions in both the scientific and technological aspects greatly advance the applications in precision measurement. Thanks to the exceptional controllability and versatility of these massive quantum systems, unprecedented sensitivity has been achieved in clocks, magnetometers, and interferometers based on cold atoms and ions. Besides, these systems also feature many characteristics that can be employed to facilitate the applications in different scenarios. In this review, we briefly introduce the principles of optical clocks, cold atom magnetometers, and atom interferometers used for precision measurement of time, magnetic field, and inertial forces. The main content is then devoted to summarize some recent experimental and theoretical progresses in these three applications, with special attention being paid to the new designs and possibilities towards better performance. The purpose of this review is by no means to give a complete overview of all important works in this fast developing field, but to draw a rough sketch about the frontiers and show the fascinating future lying ahead.
文摘瑞典皇家科学院决定,授予路易·格劳伯(Roy J Glauber)、约翰·霍尔(John L Hall)和提阿多·汉斯(Theodor W Hnsch)2005年度的诺贝尔物理学奖。格劳伯是因为他在光相干的量子理论方面的贡献,霍尔和汉斯则是因为他们在发展激光精密光谱学,包括光频梳(optical frequency comb)技术方面的贡献,而分别获此殊荣的。按历史进程简单评述了现代量子光学的发端,给出了现代量子光学的内容概要,较详细地介绍了汉斯和霍尔是如何发展光频梳技术以精确测量光频的。
文摘针对全球卫星导航系统服务(international global navigation satellite system service,IGS)发布的实时产品以及IGS跟踪站装备着高性能原子钟的现状,根据站钟的高稳定的特性,在实时精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)数据处理过程中,对接收机钟差参数建立历元间约束模型。试验选取5个IGS站连续21天观测数据,并接收法国国家太空研究中心发布的实时精密产品,用于分析历元间约束模型对实时GPS PPP动态定位的影响。结果表明,历元间约束的钟模型能够有效提高全球卫星导航系统高程分量的精度,提高程度可达23.16%。
