Determination of Mecruy at Trace Level in Natural Water Samples by Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry after Cloud Point Extraction Preconcentration

A method for the determination of trace mercury in water samples by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry after cloud point extraction was proposed in the present work. The effects of pH, concentration of surfactant, and equilibration time on cloud point extraction were discussed. The enhancement factor of 20 and the detection limit of 0.039 μg/L were obtained for mercury with relative standard deviation of 4.8% （n = 11）.

Concentration determination of gold nanoparticles by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry

While engineered nanoparticles are widely used and maybe eventually released into the environment,natural nanoparticles are also commonly found in the Earth system.Nanoparticles may critically affect the geochemical migration of associated elements and pose potential threats to the ecological environment.It is necessary to establish an accurate and reliable method for measuring the concentration of nanoparticles.AAS is one of the most commonly used methods for the concentration determination of nanoparticles.However,till now,there has been no systematic report on how experimental variables affect AAS measurements.In this study,we used gold nanoparticles(AuNPs) as an example and studied the influences of a list of factors on the concentration determination of AuNPs by AAS,including digestion method,ionization interference,acidic medium,background correction method,and organic matter.We demonstrate that all these factors may have varying degrees of influence on the measured gold concentrations.When the gold colloid is digested at room temperature for more than 8 h or at 60℃ for more than 2 h,and the system contains a low concentration of organic matter,AAS can accurately measure the AuNP concentration at ppm-level.The deuterium lamp background deduction method is not recommended to use for samples with lower gold concentrations.

Separation/Enrichment of Copper and Silver Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Coated with Poly-Thiophene and Their Analysis by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

We report on the use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) coated with poly-thiophene for the preconcentration of copper and silverions. The NPs were prepared by first modifying the surface of TiO2 NPs with vinyl groups and then copolymerizing them with vinyl thiophen. The resulting TiO2-polythiophene core-shell NPs were characterized by thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. The experimental conditions such as pH value, adsorption and desorption time, type, concentration and volume of the eluent, break through volume, and effect of potentially interfering ions were optimized. The ions were then desorbed with hydrochloric acid and determined by FAAS. The limits of detection are 0.4 and 1.2 μg·L_1 for Cu(II) and Ag(I), respectively, and recoveries and precisions are >98.0%

Content Determination of Trace Elements in Several Vegetables by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

The contents of Mn,Zn and Cu,three essential trace elements for human body,in Laminaria japonica,Auricularia auricula( L. ex Hook.) Underwood,Porphyra,Cucurbita pepo L.,Spinacia oleracea L. and Coriandrum sativum were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Vegetable samples were processed by wet digestion. The results showed that among the six vegetables,Mn had the highest content in A. auricula( 26. 60 μg/g) and the lowest content in C. pepo( 1. 22 μg/g); Zn had the highest content in Porphyra( 38. 07 μg/g)and the lowest content in L. japonica( 10. 32 μg/g); and Cu had the highest content in Porphyra( 10. 35 μg/g) and the lowest content in S. oleracea( 0. 61 μg/g). Each determination was repeated five times. The value of RSD was less than 10%,indicating high accuracy.

Method of Spectrophotometric Microanalysis Based on HRP/PET Self-assembly Film

Horseradish peroxidase monolayer was assembled on the surface of PET-CO2 substrate. The reaction kinetics of HRP/PET film and H2O2 in micro reactor was studied using improved spectrophotometer. The relative activity of self-assembly HRP/PET film still remains above 80% after storing for 150 days at 4℃. When applied to determination of H2O2 in sample, the recoveries of H2O2 are 96.5%~101.1%.

Development of a Highly Sensitive Extractive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel(II) from Environmental Matrices Using 2-Acetylpyridine-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone

Nickel(II) reacts with 2-acetylpyridine-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (APMT) and forms a yellow colored complex, which was extracted into n-hexanol from sodium acetate and acetic acid buffer at pH 6.0. The absorbance value of the Ni(II)-APMT complex was measured at different intervals of time at 375 nm to ascertain the time stability of the complex. The extraction of the complex into the solvent was instantaneous and stable for more than 72 hrs. The system obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 0.235 - 2.43 μg·ml–1 of nickel(II), with an excellent linearity and a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity of the extracted species were found to be 2.16 × 104 L mol–1 ·cm–1 and 0.003 μg·cm–2 at 375 nm, respectively. Hence a detailed study of the extraction of nickel(II) with APMT has been undertaken with a view to developing a rapid and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nickel(II) when present alone or in the presence of diverse ions which are usually associated with nickel(II) in environmental matrices like soil and industrial effluents. Various standard alloy samples (CM 247 LC, IN 718, BCS 233, 266, 253 and 251) have been tested for the determination of nickel for the purpose of validation of the present method. The results of the proposed method are comparable with those from atomic absorption spectrometry and were found to be in good agreement.

原子吸收光谱法测定苦瓜中微量金属元素的含量

用微波消解法对苦瓜进行预处理,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了苦瓜中钙、镁、铁、锌四种微量金属元素的含量。在最佳条件下测得苦瓜中各金属元素的含量分别为Ca:3843.50μg/g,Mg:2545.492μg/g,Fe:93.3415μg/g,Zn:77.685μg/g;RSD为0.19%~0.85%;检出限为0.0020μg·mL^(-1)~0.0703μg·mL^(-1);相关系数为0.9927~0.9997;加标回收率为94.60%~102.92%,此方法简单、快捷、经济、有效。

石墨炉原子吸收测定间接空冷机组循环水中的痕量铝

采用石墨炉原子吸收测定SCAL型间接空冷机组循环水中的痕量铝,从石墨炉工作参数、基体改进剂、试剂空白、水样前处理等方面进行了实验条件优选。实验结果表明:石墨炉灰化温度、原子化温度分别为700℃和2 700℃,不加基体改进剂条件下,铝离子标液质量浓度在0~20μg/L范围内标准曲线线性相关系数可达到0.999 8,相对标准偏差小于10%,检测下限为0.5μg/L。采用水样酸化静置1 h后直接测定并与标准加热消解法测定值进行了对比,相对误差小于5.0%,空白值小于0.5μg/L,有效解决了加热消解法空白值高的问题,提高了间接空冷机组循环水中小于10μg/L痕量铝测定的准确性。

不同湿法消解体系-原子吸收分光光度法测定灵芝中铁含量

探究不同消解体系对灵芝中Fe消解的影响,构建混酸为消解体系的前处理对灵芝中Fe含量的检测方法。采用原子吸收分光光度法测定Fe的含量;以硝酸-高氯酸为基础进行对灵芝子实体的消解,以Fe的含量为指标,优化不同类型、不同体积比的混酸消解体系,对紫芝和赤芝进行湿法消解,考察最优的混酸体系对灵芝中Fe含量测定的消解效果。研究结果表明,在质量浓度为2.00~10.00μg/L范围内,Fe标准工作曲线的方程为:Y=0.0176X+0.0053,R^(2)=0.9994;在混酸体积比例为V(HNO_(3))∶V(HClO_(4))∶V(H_(2)O_(2))=8∶1∶2的体系下,测得紫芝中Fe含量为90.32μg/g,赤芝中Fe含量为86.25μg/g,RSD分别为2.43%和2.18%。

碱消解火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定固体废物中六价铬的不确定度评定

通过对碱消解火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定固体废物中六价铬检测过程进行研究,依据《测量不确定度评定和表示》(JJF 1059.1—2012),全面分析了检测过程中不确定度的来源并进行量化,建立了碱消解火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定固体废物中六价铬测定不确定度的评定方法,为评价固体废弃物样品中六价铬分析结果不确定度计算提供了参考,为监测机构评价检测结果有效性、检测结果与规范限值的符合性和使用监测数据提供了技术支持。

邻二氮菲荧光分光光度法测定粉状食品中铁的含量

基于在三羟甲基氨基甲烷溶液中,邻二氮菲与Fe^(2+)形成的络合物使邻二氮菲荧光强度减弱的原理,提出了题示方法。取1.0000 g样品,加入8.00 mL硝酸和5.00 mL 30%(质量分数)过氧化氢溶液,静置过夜后加热至近干,加入5.00 mL硝酸和5.00 mL高氯酸,继续加热至近干,加入2.50 mL 1.0 mol·L^(−1)硝酸溶液溶解,用水定容至25 mL。取一定体积上述溶液(蛋白质粉固态饮料样品取1.00 mL、婴儿配方奶粉样品取1.50 mL和面粉样品取2.00 mL),加入1.00 mL 50.0 g·L^(−1)盐酸羟胺溶液,静置2 min,加入4.00 mL 5.00×10^(-4)mol·L^(−1)邻二氮菲工作溶液,混匀后加入2.50 mL1.0 mol·L^(−1)三羟甲基氨基甲烷溶液(pH 8.5),用水定容至25 mL,静置10 min后在激发波长323 nm下,测量体系在363 nm处的荧光强度。结果表明:Fe^(3+)质量浓度在1.3440 mg·L^(−1)以内与邻二氮菲的荧光强度下降值呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为0.009 mg·L^(−1)。方法用于粉状食品中铁含量的测定,本底值的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为1.7%~7.6%;按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为94.6%~99.9%,测定值的RSD(n=5)为1.5%~4.1%。经F检验和t检验分析,本方法与紫外-可见分光光度法、火焰原子吸收光谱法测定结果无显著性差异,但本方法的灵敏度更高。

微波消解-火焰原子吸收光度法测定矿石中的银

银作为贵金属,在自然界中以多种矿物形式存在,其经济价值不言而喻。本文旨在研究并优化矿石中银的测定方法,特别关注了微波消解与火焰原子吸收光度法的结合。通过对样品制备、消解和测量条件的深入研究与优化,成功建立了一套高效、准确的银含量测定流程,并获得了可靠的实验结果。该方法不仅提高了测定效率,还减少了环境污染,为银矿石的分析提供了有力的技术支持。

锗元素测定方法综述

锗在国防工业、航空航天和通信等领域中具有战略性意义,锗含量的测定对于保证材料质量和满足国际标准至关重要。对锗含量测定方法的多种技术进行了综述,包括分光光度法、原子荧光光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法以及滴定法等。在每种检测方法的介绍中,详细探讨了方法的原理、前处理步骤以及应用范围,并分别总结了各方法的优势和不足。最后,强调了锗含量测定方法的意义,特别是在满足出口监管和促进科学研究方面的作用。同时对锗元素的测定方法进行了展望,为未来的发展提供了参考方向。

原子吸收光谱法和分光光度法测定土壤六价铬对比研究

土壤六价铬监测在耕地保护中具有重要意义,不同原理测定方法结果的一致性是准确测定土壤中六价铬及研制土壤六价铬标准物质的技术基础,目前国内测定土壤六价铬的唯一标准是HJ 1082—2019《土壤和沉积物六价铬的测定碱溶液提取-火焰原子吸收分光光度法》,但土壤中六价铬的测定存在较为严重的基体效应。为建立准确测定土壤中六价铬的方法,采用氢氧化钠-碳酸钠碱溶液、磷酸盐缓冲溶液-氯化镁体系提取土壤六价铬,用原子吸收光谱法(AAS)和分光光度法(UV-Vis)测定,研究了基体效应对两种方法测定结果的影响。AAS测定土壤六价铬,基体干扰较为严重,制作标准曲线需要进行基体匹配,在线性范围0~2 mg/L线性良好,检出限0.42 mg/kg,方法精密度为2.1%;UV-Vis测定土壤六价铬几乎不受基体效应影响,以水为溶剂制备标准曲线,在线性范围0~0.2 mg/L线性良好,检出限0.12 mg/kg,方法精密度为3.4%。对分别来自安阳、安顺、兰州的低、中、高3种含量的实际样品测定,两种方法平行测定6次,经t检验两种方法无显著性差异,一致性较好,邀请国内十家高水平实验室进行协作定值实验,两种方法测定结果与其他实验室测定结果一致。通过基体匹配、稀释待测液和添加高锰酸钾等方法可显著减小基体效应、颜色及有机质对两种方法测定土壤六价铬的影响,两种方法均具有良好的精密度和正确度,适用于土壤六价铬的测定。

原子吸收法在土壤重金属检测中的应用

在土壤重金属检测中,原子吸收法是其中一项重要的分析技术,其利用被检测元素基态原子蒸气对共振辐射线吸收特性进行元素的定量分析,如测量结果显示异常,则表明土壤可能被重金属污染,需要采取一定的治理措施。原子吸收法可以为土壤治理和环境保护提供科学性的参考,检测数据可以作为评估土壤环境的依据。文章对原子吸收法的基本原理和特点进行阐述,对其在土壤重金属检测中的应用方法进行深入研究,旨在发挥原子吸收法在土壤检测中的重要价值,提高土壤重金属检测效率。

HPLC和原子吸收光谱法测定黄芩苷锌含量的比较研究

为了比较黄芩苷锌含量测定的不同方法,建立更加简单、快速的含量测定方法,分别采用高效液相色谱法法和原子吸收光谱法对黄芩苷锌原料药的含量测定进行研究。结果表明,HPLC测定黄芩苷锌线性范围为10.0~200.0μg/mL,相关系数r=0.9999,精密度(RSD=0.08%)良好;原子吸收光谱法线性范围为0~2.0μg/mL,相关系数r=0.9983,精密度(RSD=0.13%)良好,但前处理过程过于复杂,耗时太长。因此更推荐HPLC法。

天然水体中钾、钠、钙、镁测定方法的比对

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定天然水体中钾、钠、钙、镁,比较相关系数、检出限、精密度、准确度和实际样品的测定,结果表明:两种方法均可用于天然水体中钾、钠、钙、镁的测定,且电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法更优。

原子吸收光谱分析法检测复方龙血竭胶囊中重金属含量

目的:为检测复方龙血竭胶囊中重金属残留量。方法:采用原子吸收分光光度法测定复方龙血竭胶囊中的Pb、Cd、Cu、As、Hg含量,并利用标准曲线测定3个批次复方龙血竭胶囊中重金属的含量。结果:复方龙血竭胶囊中Pb、Cd、Cu、As含量分别为0.23、0.32、0.51 mg/kg;0.05、0.08、0.06 mg/kg;0.05、0.04、0.04 mg/kg;0.26、0.58、0.40 mg/kg;0.01、0.02、0.03 mg/kg;Hg元素含量未检出。结论:复方龙血竭胶囊中Pb、Cd、Cu、As、Hg等5种重金属含量均符合2020版《中国药典》标准要求,安全性较好。

原子吸收分光光度法-火焰法测定复方醋酸钠林格注射液中钠、钾、镁、钙离子的含量

目的:建立复方醋酸钠林格注射液中钠、钾、镁、钙离子含量的原子吸收分光光度法-火焰法测定方法。方法:采用A3AFG-12型A3原子吸收分光光度计和XS205DU型、XP6型电子天平,以氯化铯作为测定钠离子和钾离子时的电离抑制剂,氯化镧为测定镁离子和钙离子时电离抑制剂,分别在589.3、766.5、285.2、422.7 nm处测定钠、钾、镁、钙离子含量,并进行方法学验证。结果:4种离子分别在0.15~1.20、0.2~1.6、0.05~0.4、1.014~5.069μg·mL^(-1)的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数分别为r=0.9996、r=0.9993、r=0.9996、r=0.9990;4种离子平均回收率分别为98.5%,98.1%,93.2%,95.0%;测定注射液样品5批,钠、钾、镁、钙离子含量分别在3.186~3.221、0.155~0.160、0.023~0.026、0.056~0.059 mg·mL^(-1)范围内。结论:经方法学验证,所建立的方法重现性强、准确度高,适用于复方醋酸钠林格注射液中钠、钾、镁、钙离子的含量测定。

硝酸改性显著提高花生壳生物炭对Cd^(2+)的去除能力

本研究采用热分解的方法制备花生壳生物炭,并用乙醇、硝酸和高锰酸钾溶液对其进行改性。分别研究不同方法改性后生物炭吸附Cd^(2+)的性能对初始浓度、吸附时间和pH的响应特征并通过吸附热力学和动力学探索吸附机理。结果表明,改性后的花生壳生物炭对Cd^(2+)的吸附量和去除率明显提高。在花生壳投加量一定的情况下,综合分析得知硝酸改性后对Cd2+吸附效果最佳,吸附量为48.47 mg/g,去除率为96.94%。最佳条件为:Cd^(2+)初始浓度200 mg/L,pH为7,吸附时间120 min。