Male and Female Attitude Toward Research Course Syllabus and the Relationship Between Work Setting Preference and Usefulness Rating of a Research Course Among Chinese Graduate Students

The purpose of this study is to(a)examine graduate students to see whether the syllabus of a research course is more important to male or female students and(b)determine whether graduate students who prefer educational work settings rate the usefulness of a research course higher than those who prefer non-educational work settings.Data were collected from a survey that was distributed to the subjects.These subjects included 57 graduate students enrolled in four classes of the same research course and all of them responded.The findings indicated that female graduate students considered the syllabus of this research course more important than the male graduate students did(p<0.5).The study also found that there was not a significant difference(p>0.05)between graduate students who prefer to work in the educational settings and those who prefer non-educational work settings rating the usefulness of a research course.

Evaluating Chinese College Students' English Compositions:Different Writing Corrective Feedbacks between a Chinese Teacher and a Foreign Teacher & the Attitudes of College Students

The study aims to uncover the differences between a Chinese writing teacher and a foreign writing teacher in evaluating Chinese college students' English compositions and find out students' attitudes towards different kinds of feedbacks. The data collection method, sample analysis and questionnaire have been implemented to probe for the results. The results are supposed to give some suggestions to the English writing class in Chinese universities.

Chinese public understanding of the use of agricultural biotechnology—A case study from Zhejiang Province of China

This study explores the Chinese public’s perceptions of, and attitudes to, agriculture and food applications of bio-technology; and investigates the effect of socio-demographic factors on attitudes. A questionnaire survey and interviews were used in an attempt to combine quantitative analysis with qualitative review. The main finding of this study is that the Chinese population has a superficial, optimistic attitude to agricultural biotechnology; and that, in accordance with public attitudes, a cautious policy, with obligatory labelling, should be adopted. The study reveals that education is the factor among socio-demographic variables with the strongest impact on public attitudes. Higher education leads to a more positive evaluation of GM (genetically modified) foods and applications of biotechnology with respect to usefulness, moral acceptability, and suitability for encouragement. In addition, public attitudinal differences depend significantly on area of residence. Compared with their more urban compatriots, members of the public in less developed areas of China have more optimistic attitudes, perceive more benefits, and are more risk tolerant in relation to GM foods and agricultural biotechnology. Finally we obtained a very high rate of “don’t know” answers to our survey questions. This suggests that many people do not have settled attitudes, and correspondingly, that the overall public attitude to agricultural biotechnology and GM foods in China is at present somewhat unstable.

Chinese EFL Teachers' Attitudes toward Corpus Use in Collocation Instruction

The purpose of the present study was to investigate Chinese EFL(English as a Foreign Language)teachers’attitudes toward corpus use in collocation instruction.Fourteen Chinese EFL teachers from seven different colleges or universities answered a questionnaire asking their perceptions about corpus use in collocation instruction.The statistical analysis revealed that significant difference(t=2.449,df.=9,p=.037<0.1)was found between males and females in their perception of the learnability of the searching technique in collocation corpus.Besides,the result also revealed that significant differences were found between novice and experienced teachers’perception of helpfulness of corpus in writing native-like sentences(t=5.75,df=11,p<0.1),identifying collocation errors in English(t=5.75,df=11,p<0.1),usefulness of corpus in searching for English collocations(t=2.93,df=12,p<0.1),and advocacy of corpus to colleagues(t=5.75,df=11,p<0.1).Finally,some pedagogical implications were put forward.

Role of traditional Chinese medicine in the initiative practice for health

To achieve awareness of the initiative practice for health concept in the Chinese population,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctors should popularize TCM culture and knowledge among young people,people with a low level of education,in low-income populations,and in rural populations.

Awareness of initiative practice for health in the Chinese population:A questionnaire survey based on a network platform

BACKGROUND In 2016,the Chinese government issued the Healthy China 2030 plan,which also produced the initiative practice for health(IPFH)concept.However,people’s knowledge and awareness of the IPFH are unclear.AIM To investigate awareness of IPFH in the Chinese population and explore the relevant influential factors.METHODS An internet-based self-designed questionnaire survey was used to collect respondents’demographic characteristics and awareness of health and the IPFH from March 26 to April 18,2020.IPFH consciousness was assessed by the scores for different related questions.The Student’s t test,the Chi-square test,and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the differences and influencing factors.RESULTS A total of 2678 valid questionnaires were collected.Of the respondents,973(36.3%)had heard of the IPFH concept.In addition,89.5% of participants agreed with the view that the IPFH is beneficial to improving quality of life,and over half thought that a regular schedule,a reasonable diet,tobacco and alcohol control,a cheerful mood,specific life goals and plans,taking the initiative to accept health-related education and implement health knowledge,good interpersonal relationships,and regular physical examinations were closely related to the IPFH.The majority of respondents paid attention to their health and usually obtained health-related knowledge via social media and were also willing to promote the IPFH.Most of the participants underestimated the role of hospitals,family doctors,and health managers in promoting the IPFH.Age,monthly income,and medical-related work experience were the influencing factors for IPFH awareness.CONCLUSION The Chinese population has limited knowledge of the IPFH.People with strong IPFH awareness are older,earn more,and have medical-related work experience.

Differences Between Chinese and Western Cultures Perceived in Wedding Customs

The marriage customs and rites of wedding ceremony are different from country to country. By analyzing the differences of wedding ceremony between Chinese and Westerners, a conclusion will be made: different wedding customs reflect the differences between the Chinese culture and the western culture and different attitudes towards value and marriage of the Chinese and the western people. This paper aims at making the Chinese and the western people understand each other's culture and values well.

A Study of Chinese College Students’ View on the Latest Network Catchwords

随着网络技术的迅猛发展,人们对网络的研究也风生水起。互联网是一个虚拟社区,它和现实社会有着直接的割不断的联系。在虚拟社区中,人与人交往离不开网络语言。本文主要研究中国大学生对网络流行语的态度并总结了网络语言的发展前景。

People’s Different Attitudes Towards Homosexuality

Homosexuality is a unique culture phenomenon with clear distinct connotation.The rise of homosexuality is due to the liberation of western homosexuality.Today,with the concerted efforts of many friends,homosexuality in China is gradually becoming clearer and clearer.In this thesis;the author introduces Chinese people and Western people's different attitudes towards homosexuality because of their different cultures.

A Sociolinguistic Study of the Popular Mars Text

In recent years,the Mars Text,a kind of newly born Internet language,has gained its surprising popularity among the younger generation,which arouses the intense opposition from the adults. With the purpose of having a profound and proper understanding of it,a comparative research of the characteristics of the Mars Text and Chinese has been conducted to identify the nature of the former,followed by discussions of the reasons behind its development and the current attitudes held by different social groups towards it. In summary,the Mars Text,as a creative symbol system,deserves respect from social members,but needs to be utilized in a culturally appropriate way.

中国少数民族首次建构炎黄共同体理论研究

北魏主导的炎黄共同体理论是中国历史上首次由少数民族主导建构的共同体理论。它将鲜卑、羌、氐等入主中原的少数民族全部纳入到炎黄后代的范畴,提出了以鲜卑为主的“华夷共祖”理论,认为共祖于炎黄的“夷”也有权利追求和实践大一统,并建立了多民族的中国观和王朝观。这展现了少数民族加入中华大家庭的主观愿望,打通了少数民族追求和实践大一统的通道,为古代大一统思想的发展增添了新的内容。

华语政策和族群身份对泰国印尼来华留学生语言态度的影响

语言态度评估是语言推广和文化传播的前提与基础。基于双重态度理论探讨华语政策差异与族群身份对泰国和印尼来华留学生语言态度的影响,采用语言态度问卷和IAT范式测量其对汉语和所属国官方语言的外显态度与内隐态度。结果发现,泰国来华留学生对汉语和泰语的外显态度与内隐态度一致,对汉语的评价低于对泰语的评价。印尼来华留学生对汉语和印尼的外显态度与内隐态度分离,在外显态度上,华裔学生对汉语的评价优于对印尼语的评价,在内隐态度上对汉语与印尼语的评价相当;非华裔学生在外显态度上对汉语与印尼语的评价无显著差异,但对印尼语的内隐评价高于对汉语的内隐评价。研究表明,所属国华语政策与族群身份影响来华留学生的语言态度。

春秋战国时代的国家安全思想探析

春秋战国时代是统一下的大分裂时代,也是酝酿着统一基因的大分裂时代。春秋战国时代维护国家安全的主体呈现出多元化,形成了天下—国—家的三阶层结构;通过变法图强,增强维护国家安全的能力;在重民思想的影响下,民众支持成为维护国家安全的重要因素;由于分封制、宗法制等制度的变革,阶层的上下流动成为维护政权安全的历史选择;作为国家安全的重要领域,领土安全在春秋战国时代具有新的形态,战败国以土地换和平成为新的诉求;战争的巨大破坏性催生了弭兵运动,成为古代历史上追求共同安全的伟大尝试;从华夷之辨到中华民族的大融合,塑造了密不可分的安全共同体。春秋战国时代的国家安全思想被打上了深深的时代烙印,它是优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,也为当代维护国家安全的理论注入丰富的历史养分。

Emotionless Holism:Factor and Rasch Analysis of the Chinese Integrative Medicine Attitude Questionnaire

T Objective： To examine the Eastem-Westem difference in the interpretation of Integrative Medicine Attitude Questionnaire （IMAQ） by assessing the psychometric properties of a revised Chinese medicine （CM）- specific version of IMAQ （CM-IMAQ）. Methods： Factor and Rasch analysis were performed with data collected from a mail survey of 165 Hong Kong Western medical doctors （WMD） randomly sampled from the official registry. The structural validity, unidimensionality, item fit, and differential item functioning （DIF） of the Hong Kong CM-IMAQ were evaluated. Results： Confirmatory factor analysis （CFA） demonstrated that the original IMAQ factor structure was not concordant with our data on Chinese WMD, and subsequent explanatory factor analysis （EFA） validated a new three-factor model for CM-IMAQ： （1） attitude towards tonification , （2） attitude towards the effectiveness of CM, and （3） attitude towards CM knowledge. The original IMAQ factor on holism and doctor-patient relationship disappeared. Rasch analysis confirmed the unidimensionality of tonification and the effectiveness domains, but further refinement of the knowledge domain is needed. Coaclusions： Cultural adaptation of the IMAQ has demonstrated differences between Eastern and Westem doctors trained in allopathic medicine in their interpretations of hoiism in healthcare. For Chinese WMD, the emphasis of holistic care is placed on tonifying＇ the body rather than on nurturing the mind and spidt. Confucian and Taoist conceptualizations of mental health as well as the persistent stigma towards mental illness within modern Chinese culture may explain why Chinese WMD do not regard mental health promotion as part of routine healthcare.

广州市社区居民对中医“治未病”的知信行及影响因素研究

背景随着疾病谱的转变和现代医学模式的发展,中医在疾病预防、保健、康复方面起着重要作用,需要进一步推动开展中医“治未病”服务,大力发扬中医药在人民健康维护和促进上独特作用,而目前社区居民中医“治未病”理念普及教育情况尚不明确。目的了解广州市社区居民对中医“治未病”的总体知晓情况、信任度及采用行为情况,探讨社区居民对中医“治未病”服务信任度的影响因素。方法2022年4—8月,采用分层整群抽样法,结合地理位置(广州中心城区、城乡结合部、郊区)、经济等因素选择广州市4个行政区域12个街道的652位社区居民进行访谈式问卷调查。调查内容包括居民基本信息、对中医“治未病”知晓情况、获取中医“治未病”知识的途径、对中医“治未病”的信任度、服务需求和利用情况。采用二元Logistic回归分析对广州市社区居民对中医“治未病”服务信任度的影响因素进行分析。结果652位社区居民中,67.79%(442/652)了解中医“治未病”,77.91%(508/652)信任中医“治未病”服务,69.63%(454/652)的社区居民曾接受过中医传统理疗,仅有6.59%(43/652)的社区居民过去一年接受中医“治未病”的服务次数超过4次。单因素相关分析显示,广州市社区居民中医“治未病”服务信任度的影响因素主要有年龄(χ^(2)=9.218)、户口性质(χ^(2)=19.356)、婚姻状况(χ^(2)=2.490)、职业(χ^(2)=17.889)、医疗保险付费方式(χ^(2)=13.516);二元Logistic回归分析显示,户口性质(非农业、农业转居民、非农业转居民)是社区居民对中医“治未病”服务信任度的影响因素(OR=2.646、5.593、10.502)。结论广州市社区居民对中医“治未病”的总体认知程度(67.79%)及信任度(77.91%)相对较高,但实际服务的接受次数不足,存在“知、信、行”分离现象。非农业转居民户口的社区居民信任度较高,农业户口的信任度较低。应在开展中医“治未病”理念普及和服务工作中,充分利用居民偏好的形式,并针对特定群体加大宣传力度,以促进社区居民培养中医“治未病”养生保健习惯。

医务人员及患儿家长对儿童使用中成药风险的KAP调查研究

目的 调查医务人员及患儿家长对儿童使用中成药风险的知识-态度-行为(KAP)现状,分析两类人群对中成药知识掌握程度、用药态度及用药行为的异同,并通过“医-患”两个角度分析中成药用药风险的影响因素,以期更好地指导临床工作。方法 2023年7月至2023年11月,以首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院(以下简称“我院”)及外院医务工作人员,以及在我院就诊过且服用过中成药的患儿家长为调查对象,通过问卷星发放并回收问卷,分析医务人员及患儿家长对儿童使用中成药风险KAP得分情况,采用Logistic回归对使用中成药KAP得分的影响因素进行分析,并通过Spearman分析探讨中成药用药知识、态度、行为之间的相关性。结果 医务人员版问卷共收集有效问卷339份(有效回收率98.83%),医务人员中成药用药知识、态度和行为评分优秀者分别占16.22%、7.08%和83.19%。患儿家长版共收集有效问卷336份(有效回收率98.82%),患儿家长中成药用药知识、态度和行为评分优秀者分别占25.87%、3.57%和30.65%。Logistic回归分析显示,不同医院所在地、受教育程度是医务人员KAP的重要影响因素,患儿家长的年龄、受教育程度、工作状况、职业和月收入是患儿家长KAP的重要影响因素(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果显示用药知识、态度和行为3个维度之间呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。结论 医务人员和患儿家长的中成药用药知识和用药态度均有待进一步提高,患儿家长需特别注意规范用药行为,从而降低儿童使用中成药的风险。医师和药师可结合本研究结果针对患儿家长开展适宜的中成药知识普及和科普宣传工作。

湖南省中医医院护士雷火灸技术知信行现状调查及影响因素分析

目的:了解湖南省中医医院护士雷火灸技术知信行水平现状及相关影响因素,为制定、完善雷火灸技术操作规范,促进雷火灸技术的传承与发展提供依据。方法:采用自制雷火灸技术知信行问卷对湖南省临床15所中医医院的护理人员进行调查。对结果进行描述性统计和多元线性回归分析。结果:本组中医医院护士雷火灸技术知识(28.75±11.45)分,雷火灸技术态度(42.21±5.59)分,雷火灸技术行为(50.16±10.54)分。多元线性回归分析显示,工作年限、聘用形式、专业背景、是否接受过系统的中医知识培训、科室是否有自行制定的雷火灸操作规范是影响雷火灸技术知识的因素(P<0.05);月收入、医院级别、科室是否有自行制定的雷火灸操作规范是影响雷火灸技术态度的因素(P<0.05);医院级别、工作年限、是否接受过系统的中医知识培训及科室是否有自行制定的雷火灸操作规范是影响雷火灸技术行为的因素(P<0.05)。结论:湖南省中医医院护士对学习雷火灸技术态度积极,但知识水平有待提升,雷火灸技术操作技能运用不足,未来应进一步完善雷火灸技术操作规范,为雷火灸技术的推广应用提供借鉴与参考。

辽宁省城乡居民中医“知-信-行”现状调查分析

目的 对辽宁省城乡居民中医知识、中医态度、中医行为情况进行调查,明确辽宁省城乡居民中医“知-信-行”作用通路,为促进辽宁省居民中医药卫生服务利用、完善我国公共卫生系统的相关政策提供理论依据。方法 采用分层随机抽样方法进行抽样,通过问卷调查法,对辽宁省城乡居民中医“知-信-行”现状进行调查。结果 辽宁省居民中医知识水平为5.00 (3.00,7.00),中医态度水平为9.50 (9.00,12.00),存在中医行为的比例为50.3%。城乡、年龄、教育程度、工作情况、健康状况、慢性病患病情况与居民中医行为相关(P<0.05)。居民中医知识与中医态度之间呈正相关(coeff=0.199 7),中医态度与中医行为之间呈正相关(coeff=0.457 7),居民中医态度在中医知识和中医行为之间存在中介效应(直接效应coeff=0.255 2;间接效应coeff=0.091 4)。结论 辽宁省城乡居民中医知识、中医态度是中医行为的重要影响因素,且中医态度在中医知识与中医行为的关系中起到中介作用。

《中医“养心”知信行量表》的编制及信效度评价

目的通过编制《中医“养心”知信行量表》,并进行信效度评价,为中医“养心”健康管理提供测评工具,提升中医养心教育促进和健康干预的精准化。方法基于知识-信念/态度-行为(以下简称“知信行”)理论,通过文献回顾并结合专家意见,初步编制《中医“养心”知信行量表》。采取方便抽样方法,选择江西中医药大学的六个非医学类专业的412名大一、大二学生为样本进行调查和统计分析。结果量表总的克朗巴赫α系数为0.884(>0.8),各维度的克朗巴赫α系数为0.806~0.894(>0.8);折半信度Spearman-Brown系数为0.932。探索性因子分析提取的3个公因子累积贡献率为51.358%;验证性因子分析显示模型拟合较好,区分效度良好。结论《中医“养心”知信行量表》23个条目,具有较好的信度和效度,可以用于中医“养心”知信行测评及“养心”健康管理工作。