In this article, the unit root test for AR（p） model with GARCH errors is considered. The Dickey-Fuller test statistics are rewritten in the form of self-normalized sums, and the asymptotic distribution of the test s...In this article, the unit root test for AR（p） model with GARCH errors is considered. The Dickey-Fuller test statistics are rewritten in the form of self-normalized sums, and the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics is derived under the weak conditions.展开更多
Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate if the new method of auditory and visual biofeedback as Upper Limb Exercise may improve praxis skills alone without any traditional physical therapy treatment or not and wi...Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate if the new method of auditory and visual biofeedback as Upper Limb Exercise may improve praxis skills alone without any traditional physical therapy treatment or not and within three successive months of treatment in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Methods: A 6-year-old hemiplegic cerebral palsied child was treated with Upper-Limb Exerciser as one of augmented visual and auditory feedback devices. Sensory Integration and Praxis test was used to measure a child’s ability to integrate sensory input for perception, motor planning, and spatial actions in;Space Visualization, Figure-Ground Perception, Standing and Walking Balance, Design Copying, Postural Praxis, Bilateral Motor Coordination, Constructional Praxis, Postrotary Nystagmus, Motor Accuracy, Sequencing Praxis, Oral Praxis, Manual Form Perception, Kinesthesia, Finger Identification, Graphethesia, Localization of Tactile Stimuli, and Praxis on Verbal Command. Results: The results revealed improvement of the major standard score for each of the 17 subtests of Sensory Integration and Praxis Test when compared after three successive treatment. Conclusion: The using upper limb exerciser as one method of augmented visual and auditory feedback can be used as one of the physical and occupational therapy programs aiming to improve praxis skills in hemiplegic cerebral palsied children.展开更多
目的应用绵羊骨质疏松椎体标本比较两种骨水泥强化技术对椎弓根螺钉固定强度的影响。方法经体外脱钙建立绵羊骨质疏松椎体标本40节,完全随机分为A组(单纯螺钉组);B组(低剂量整体强化组);C1组(低剂量局部强化组);C2组(高剂量局部强化组)...目的应用绵羊骨质疏松椎体标本比较两种骨水泥强化技术对椎弓根螺钉固定强度的影响。方法经体外脱钙建立绵羊骨质疏松椎体标本40节,完全随机分为A组(单纯螺钉组);B组(低剂量整体强化组);C1组(低剂量局部强化组);C2组(高剂量局部强化组)。骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)检测;螺旋CT及MicroCT的影像学观察;测试最大轴向拔出力(Fmax)及能量吸收值(E)。结果各组BMD下降约25%～30%(P>0.05),成功建立骨质疏松椎体模型。影像学观察:B组螺钉完全被骨水泥包裹,形成"骨-骨水泥-螺钉"界面;C2组螺钉周围骨水泥呈局部对称分布,形成"骨-螺钉"和"骨-骨水泥-螺钉"的共存界面。B,C1,2组椎体的Fmax及E均显著高于A组(P<0.05);B,C2组椎体的Fmax及E均明显高于C1组(P<0.05);B,C2组椎体间Fmax及E无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论钉道整体强化及局部强化技术均能显著提高骨质疏松情况下椎弓根螺钉的固定强度;钉道局部强化技术通过提高注射剂量,可以达到与整体强化技术相近的强化效果。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(1047112610671176).
文摘In this article, the unit root test for AR（p） model with GARCH errors is considered. The Dickey-Fuller test statistics are rewritten in the form of self-normalized sums, and the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics is derived under the weak conditions.
文摘Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate if the new method of auditory and visual biofeedback as Upper Limb Exercise may improve praxis skills alone without any traditional physical therapy treatment or not and within three successive months of treatment in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Methods: A 6-year-old hemiplegic cerebral palsied child was treated with Upper-Limb Exerciser as one of augmented visual and auditory feedback devices. Sensory Integration and Praxis test was used to measure a child’s ability to integrate sensory input for perception, motor planning, and spatial actions in;Space Visualization, Figure-Ground Perception, Standing and Walking Balance, Design Copying, Postural Praxis, Bilateral Motor Coordination, Constructional Praxis, Postrotary Nystagmus, Motor Accuracy, Sequencing Praxis, Oral Praxis, Manual Form Perception, Kinesthesia, Finger Identification, Graphethesia, Localization of Tactile Stimuli, and Praxis on Verbal Command. Results: The results revealed improvement of the major standard score for each of the 17 subtests of Sensory Integration and Praxis Test when compared after three successive treatment. Conclusion: The using upper limb exerciser as one method of augmented visual and auditory feedback can be used as one of the physical and occupational therapy programs aiming to improve praxis skills in hemiplegic cerebral palsied children.
文摘目的应用绵羊骨质疏松椎体标本比较两种骨水泥强化技术对椎弓根螺钉固定强度的影响。方法经体外脱钙建立绵羊骨质疏松椎体标本40节,完全随机分为A组(单纯螺钉组);B组(低剂量整体强化组);C1组(低剂量局部强化组);C2组(高剂量局部强化组)。骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)检测;螺旋CT及MicroCT的影像学观察;测试最大轴向拔出力(Fmax)及能量吸收值(E)。结果各组BMD下降约25%～30%(P>0.05),成功建立骨质疏松椎体模型。影像学观察:B组螺钉完全被骨水泥包裹,形成"骨-骨水泥-螺钉"界面;C2组螺钉周围骨水泥呈局部对称分布,形成"骨-螺钉"和"骨-骨水泥-螺钉"的共存界面。B,C1,2组椎体的Fmax及E均显著高于A组(P<0.05);B,C2组椎体的Fmax及E均明显高于C1组(P<0.05);B,C2组椎体间Fmax及E无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论钉道整体强化及局部强化技术均能显著提高骨质疏松情况下椎弓根螺钉的固定强度;钉道局部强化技术通过提高注射剂量,可以达到与整体强化技术相近的强化效果。
