基于X-LiNbO_(3)/SiO_(2)/Si低温漂、大机电耦合SH-SAW谐振器的设计

铌酸锂(LN)单晶薄膜具有较高的机电耦合系数(k_(eff)^(2)>30%),其水平剪切(SH)声学模式常被应用于开发具有大机电耦合系数的薄膜声学谐振器和超宽带滤波器。但LN的频率温度系数较大(TCF>-50×10^(-6)/℃),这不仅会降低滤波器的可用有效带宽,同时也会限制器件的功率处理能力。采用3D周期有限元模型对基于X切LN/SiO2/Si结构SH声表面波(SH-SAW)谐振器进行了优化研究。研究结果表明,当SH-SAW传播角ψ=-10°~-20°、LN和SiO2膜厚分别为hLN=0.1λ和hSiO_(2)=0.2λ(λ为叉指换能器周期)、铝电极金属化率η=0.4、电极相对厚度hAl/λ=5%~10%时,SH-SAW谐振器的k_(eff)^(2)约为30%,且其TCF<-20×10^(-6)/℃,有望用于开发新一代的低温漂、超宽带5G SAW滤波器。

Force Modeling for Ultrasonic-assisted Wire Saw Cutting SiC Monocryatal Wafers

The advantages, such as a small cutting force, narrow kerf and little material waste make wire saw cut- ting suitable for machining precious materials like SiC, Si monocrystal and a variety of gem. As regards wire saw cutting fo wafer, however, in traditional wire saw cutting process, the cutting efficiency is low, the wear of wire saw is badly, the surface roughness of wafer is poor etc, which have a seriously impact on the cutting process stability and the use of wafers. Ultrasonic-assisted machining method is very suitable for processing a variety of non-conduc- tive hard and brittle materials, glass, ceramics, quartz, silicon, precious stones and diamonds, etc. In this paper, the force model of ultrusonic-assisted wire saw cutting of SiC monocrystal wafer, based on the kinematic and experi- mental analysis were established. The single factor and orthogonal experimental scheme for different processing pa- rameters such as wire saw speed, part rotation speed of and part feed rate, were carried out in traditional wire saw and ultrasonic-assisted wire saw cutting process. The multiple linear regression method is used to establish the static model among the cutting force, processing parameters and ultrasonic vibration parameters, and the model signifi- cance is verified. The results show, as regards ultrasonic-assisted wire saw cutting of SiC monicrystal wafer, both the tangential and normal cutting forces can reduce about 24. 5%-36% and 36. 6%-40%.

Effect of Cutting Speed on Surface Quality by Bandsawing

The surface profile behavior of workpieces sawn has been investigated. Six species were sawn under the condi-tion of four different kinds of cutting speed by the band saw. The real surface profile of a sawn workpiecc is composed of twosections, which arc the additivity of the waviness of filtered wave and roughness curve. The roughness of center line avernge aswell as amplitude decrease with the increasing of cutting speed for different kinds of species used in the experiment.

THE OPTIMUM CUTTING SPEED OF CIRCULAR SAW

To look for the optimum cutting speed, the tungsten carbide tipped saw was used asan example in this paper. And then, on the basis of the experimental results and theoretical calculation,the equations of tool life was introduced, and as an example, the minimum cost and maximum production cutting speed When the particleboards were cut by circulax saw, were obtained.

Cutting performance of saw blades with microtextured rougher and finisher sawteeth

The problems of severe sawtooth wear,harsh sawing noise,and low surface quality during the processing of circular saw blades need to be solved.To improve the cutting performance of TiC-based cermet saw blades,microtextures parallel to the cutting edge were fabricated on rough and fine sawteeth by laser machining.The cutting tests were performed on a sawing platform under lubricated conditions.Models of the sawing arc length and working sawtooth cutting force variations were developed for sawing steel pipes,and the accuracy of the sawing force model was verified experimentally.The results indicate that the variations in the sawing force are proportional to the sawing arc length.The circular saw blades with microtextures that did not penetrate the sawtooth rake face exhibited the lowest cutting force,sawing noise,and highest machined surface quality.Furthermore,the worn-out distance of the rougher and finisher sawteeth was reduced by approximately 7.4%and 44.1%,respectively,compared with conventional circular saw blades.The main failure modes of sawteeth were tip wear,rake face adhesion,and oxidative wear.In addition,the mechanism by which the textures improve the cutting and wear properties of TiC-based circular saw blades was discussed.This study provided a significant concept for enhancing the cutting performance of circular saw blades and improving the machined surface quality.

Large Chip Production Mechanism under the Extreme Load Cutting Conditions

There has existed a great deal of theory researches in term of chip production and chip breaking characteristics under conventional cutting and high speed cutting conditions,however,there isn＇t sufficient research on chip formation mechanism as well as its influence on cutting state regarding large workpieces under extreme load cutting.This paper presents a model of large saw-tooth chip through applying finite element simulation method,which gives a profound analysis about the characteristics of the extreme load cutting as well as morphology and removal of the large chip.In the meantime,a calculation formula that gives a quantitative description of the saw-tooth level regarding the large chip is established on the basis of cutting experiments on high temperature and high strength steel2.25Cr-lMo-0.25V.The cutting experiments are carried out by using the scanning electron microscope and super depth of field electron microscope to measure and calculate the large chip produced under different cutting parameters,which can verify the validity of the established model.The calculating results show that the large saw-toothed chip is produced under the squeezing action between workpiece and cutting tools.In the meanwhile,the chip develops a hardened layer where contacts the cutting tool and the saw-tooth of the chip tend to form in transverse direction.This research creates the theoretical model for large chip and performs the cutting experiments under the extreme load cutting condition,as well as analyzes the production mechanism of the large chip in the macro and micro conditions.Therefore,the proposed research could provide theoretical guidance and technical support in improving productivity and cutting technology research.

Optimization Algorithms for Fully Automatic Optimizing Cross-cut Saw

The optimization of boards by grades plays an important role in the production for cross cutting boards, and the outturn rate and utilization of boards are directly affected by the optimization results of boards by grades. At present, the OptiCut series fully automatic optimizing cross-cut saw（FAOCCS） from Germany Weinig Group occupies the main markets in the world, but no report about the relative theories on the optimization technology and its algorithms is available. There exist some disadvantages in woodworking machinery and equipment used for cross cutting boards in China, for example, low sawing precision, outturn rate of boards and productivity, and difficulty in making statistics on the sawing results. Three optimization modes are presented for the optimization algorithms for FAOCCS, namely, optimization of fixed length, optimization of finger-jointed lumber and mixed optimization. Mathematical models are then established for these three optimization modes, and the corresponding software for realizing the optimization is prepared. Finally, Synthetic evaluation on the established mathematical models is presented through three practical examples. The results of synthetic evaluation indicate that FAOCCS using the optimization modes may raise the outturn rate of boards approximately 8% and the productivity obviously, and allows accurate statistics on the cross cut products of boards. The mathematical models of above three optimization modes are useful for increasing the outturn rate and utilization ratio of boards.

An Analysis of the Formation Mechanisms of Abrasive Particles and Their Effects on Cutting Efficiency

Magnetic induction-free abrasive wire sawing(MIFAWS)is a method that combines magnetic fields with traditional free abrasive wire sawing technologies.Magnetic abrasive particles(MAPs)are attracted on a magnetized wire,thus leading to an increase in their number into the cutting zone.The number of instantaneous-effective abrasive particles(IEAPs)adsorbed on the wire surface has a great influence on the cutting efficiency of the saw wire.In this study,a mathematic model of the movement of the MAP is presented,and the factors influencing the IEAPs number,including slurry-supply speed and slurry dynamic viscosity,are investigated both by means of simulation analysis and experiments.The results indicate that the number of IEAPs decreases with an increase in the slurry supply speed.The cutting efficiency increases gradually with the increase of slurry supply speed,but the growth rate of wire saw cutting efficiency slows down when the slurry supply speed exceeds a given threshold.The number of IEAPs adsorbed by saw wire increases with a decrease in the dynamic viscosity of the cutting fluid,while the cutting efficiency first increases and then decreases.The cutting efficiency attains its highest value when the dynamic viscosity of the cutting fluid is 0.0047 Pa⋅s.The experimental results agree with the simulation results,and provide some guidance for the practical application of the MIFAWS process.

一种快速装调切割锯的设计与制造

为解决家庭中木料切割时受专用切割锯的质量、外形尺寸、动力输出、木屑清理等问题的制约,而设计与制造一种快速装调小型家用切割锯。切割锯采用手电钻做动力输出,设计易于夹紧锯片的连接定心夹紧机构、满足切割锯片的高度调整机构、木屑处理装置。通过设计制造与实际应用,设计切割锯的整体尺寸小,重量轻,易于快速组装、拆卸,解决了居家使用的需求,同时能很好地保证木材的切割尺寸。

修枝强度对杉木人工林无节材形成及质量的影响

【目的】研究不同修枝强度对杉木无节材形成及质量的影响,为确定杉木大径级无节良材培育的合理修枝强度提供科学依据。【方法】采用随机区组设计,对4年生杉木人工林进行不同修枝强度试验(每年修枝至树干直径6、8、10和12 cm,直至树干修枝净高度达7 m时停止修枝,未修枝木为对照)。在修枝22年后,调查林木生长情况;选取各修枝强度的平均标准木共计30株并砍倒,截取7 m以下树干运回实验室,测定树干饱满度;然后采用锯板法、旋切法切割树干,测定节疤的数量、长径和短径,并统计无节材积比例、无节单板数量比例和节疤体积比例。【结果】胸径和单株材积均有随修枝强度增加而显著下降的趋势,但修枝强度对树高无显著影响;修枝强度6 cm的胸径显著小于其余处理,单株材积显著小于修枝强度10 cm、12 cm和对照(CK);修枝强度8 cm的胸径显著小于修枝强度10 cm和12 cm,单株材积显著小于修枝强度12 cm。在1.3~4.0 m木段,修枝强度6 cm的饱满度显著高于修枝强度10 cm和12 cm;在4~7 m木段,修枝强度8 cm的饱满度显著高于修枝强度10 cm。锯板法的测定结果表明,节疤数量呈随修枝强度增加而显著降低的趋势,节疤长径和短径均随修枝强度增加而降低,修枝强度6 cm的节疤短径显著小于其余处理。旋切法的测定结果表明,节疤的数量、长径和短径均呈随修枝强度增加而显著降低的趋势。无节材积比例和无节单板数量比例均有随修枝强度增加显著提高的趋势,节疤体积比例有随修枝强度增加而显著降低的趋势。4个强度修枝的无节材积比例均显著提高(至少51.1%),无节单板数量比例均显著提高(至少33.25%)。锯板法和旋切法的测定结果一致表明,修枝强度6 cm和8 cm的节疤分布更少更小且无节材比例提升效果更明显,修枝效果排序为修枝强度6 cm>8 cm>10 cm>12 cm>CK。【结论】修枝强度的确定取决于经营目标。若要追求更大的胸径、树高和单株材积生长但对木材质量要求不高时,可选择修枝强度10 cm和12 cm;若要追求更大的树干饱满度、无节材积比例和无节单板数量比例,以及更低的节疤体积比例和更少及更小的节疤的数量、长径和短径,但对生长量要求不高时,可选择修枝强度6 cm和8 cm。

基坑盖板下逆作车站地下连续墙托换破除技术

附属结构与地铁车站连通常需要对地下连续墙进行破除,当地下连续墙上设有临时承重盖板时破除的施工难度更大,风险更高。以某地铁盖挖逆作车站的地下连续墙破除施工为依托,提出了利用局部破除体作为临时竖向支撑进行托换破除的施工方法。首先,采用数值计算分析了不同托换间距对盖板结构体系的受力影响,综合施工进度和作业空间考虑,确定预留1m宽的临时托换柱和不大于12m的破除间距为控制指标,能够满足各受力结构体系在临时托换施工下的承载性能要求;其次,对盖板下地下连续墙破除及切割块转运施工进行了详细分析,给出了分块尺寸、切割块吊装、预留柱节点等关键施工环节的控制指标与做法。实施结果表明:利用既有地下连续墙作为临时托换结构进行破除地下连续墙的施工方法,安全可靠,施工速度快,成本经济。

水下电弧锯切割质量影响因子的研究

海洋、船舶、石油等领域有大量结构部件需在水下拆解。现有的水下切割方法存在效率低、结构复杂、工具或电极损耗大等局限,亟需探索新的切割方式。高速电弧放电加工具有加工效率高、电极损耗率低等优势,在难切削材料的加工中取得了良好效果。基于高速电弧放电加工原理,设计水下电弧锯切割实验装置,并对该装置极间流场进行仿真,得到不同主轴转速下极间流体流动情况。在此基础上,设计系列实验开展电流形式、主轴转速和电流值等因素对切割质量影响的研究。实验结果表明,采用高速电弧放电切割可实现工件的高效水下切割。此外,使用脉冲电流切割时的切缝质量优于直流,增大电流会改善出口处切缝宽度;主轴转速过低会影响极间排屑效果,加工中宜采用较高转速。

基于LN/LT-POI多层结构的SAW器件发展

绝缘体上压电单晶薄膜结构材料(POI)为研制高性能、可集成的声表面波(SAW)器件提供了新的解决途径和方案,可满足射频(RF)前端在集成化、小型化发展趋势下对新一代压电声学器件的需求。该文介绍了POI的制备工艺技术。总结了基于铌酸锂/钽酸锂-POI(LN/LT-POI)多层结构的高性能SAW器件的最新研究成果,并展望了其未来的发展。

高速铁路隧道轨道板上拱切割落道施工技术

某隧道仰拱在地质构造应力及承压富水环境的综合作用下,CRTSⅠ型双块式无砟轨道道床板出现上拱变形和平面移位,最大上拱变形值达47.1 mm,最大横向移位达10 mm,超出常规扣件可精调的范围。本文提出了一种利用绳锯切割仰拱填充(即找平层),以实现道床板与下部隧道结构分离落道的施工方法,利用千斤顶、水平顶推装置、气垫等方式进行道床板平面位置或高程姿态调整。结果表明:该技术避免了因道床板及仰拱填充层大拆大换造成的行车中断,降低了拆除和重建成本,保证了无砟轨道结构整体性受力,经济、社会效益显著。研究成果可为类似道床板线性大尺度偏位处理提供借鉴。

绳锯切割技术在旧桥加宽防撞墙拆除工程中的应用

近年来,随着经济的持续发展,许多公路开口子项目相继被实施。为了确保车辆能够安全进出,一些旧桥需进行拼宽施工,旧桥拼宽需对原防撞墙钢筋混凝土结构进行拆除。文章详细综述了4类常见的钢筋混凝土拆除施工方法的特点和适用范围,根据本项目工程特征,选择了绳锯切割法拆除旧桥防撞墙钢筋混凝土结构。绳锯切割作业包含施工准备、排版放样、竖向切割、水平切割、凿吊装孔、切割块吊装、现场清理等7项工序。本项目防撞墙切割效果表明绳锯切割在旧桥加宽钢筋混凝土防撞墙拆除作业中有较强的适用性,在今后类似项目的施工中具有可推广性。

水泥混凝土切割机作业动力学及参数选取

为确保水泥混凝土切割机参数选取的科学性,对其应用效果进行研究。运用金刚石锯片切割机理对水泥混凝土切割机开展动力学分析,探究不同组成结构在实际切割作业中的动力学变化及其对切割效率的影响。通过借鉴同类旋转作业机械的研究成果,对水泥混凝土切割机的切割锯锯片功率、复合运动和锯切阻力的规律展开深入分析。结果表明,在不同工况下,水泥混凝土切割机的作业参数受到锯切深度、作业速度、金刚石锯片转速的影响,可通过控制变量的方式获得最佳作业参数。在水泥混凝土切割机的参数选取中,锯片直径的大小与锯切阻力之间存在正比关系,锯切阻力与锯片转速存在反比关系。在参数选取中要综合考虑作业参数、锯切材料、金刚石锯片等多重因素的影响,可运用有限元的分析方法对其运行参数进行科学计算。

城镇桥梁绳锯切割法拆桥施工技术的运用

针对已完工项目的施工经验,总结出适用于城镇桥梁的拆除方法。桥梁拆除是一项危险且复杂的工程,需要综合考虑桥梁的结构特点、地理位置、周边环境、桥上附着物和风险防护措施等,介绍了桥梁拆除前的施工准备,绳锯切割法的施工步骤、施工方法和施工注意事项,最后总结施工经验。

切削液对金刚石线锯切割β-Ga_(2)O_(3)晶片表面质量的影响

为了开发出更适合β-Ga_(2)O_(3)晶片切片的切削液,探讨金刚石线锯切片过程中不同切削液对β-Ga_(2)O_(3)晶片表面质量的影响,通过测量接触角和表面张力,研究不同切削液对β-Ga_(2)O_(3)晶片表面的润湿性。采用粗糙度测量仪、非接触式测厚仪和扫描电镜(SEM)对晶片表面进行测试表征,研究去离子水、添加AEO-9的水基切削液和乳化切削液在不同工艺参数下对切割(010)面β-Ga_(2)O_(3)晶片的表面粗糙度、表面形貌、总厚度变化以及亚表面损伤层深度的影响。结果表明:与去离子水相比,添加AEO-9的水基切削液和乳化切削液均能有效降低β-Ga_(2)O_(3)表面的接触角和表面张力,表明2种切削液均可提高晶片表面润滑性;乳化切削液的效果随着工艺参数的变化而波动很大,只有在低切削热和大切削力的条件下,才能明显优化晶圆表面质量,而水基切削液可稳定地获得较高的晶片表面质量,更适用于β-Ga_(2)O_(3)晶片切割。

围堰灌注桩水下环保拆除技术研究及应用

海水取排水箱涵陆域段在基坑支护干环境施工完成后,需拆除陆域和海域箱涵对接口处的支护结构来完成海陆箱涵对接。为了解决传统液压破碎锤工艺受场地与设备站位影响只能依次拆除单根灌注桩的限制和对工期的影响,文章对裕龙岛炼化一体项目陆域段箱涵成排灌注桩+高压旋喷桩支护的水下拆除进行技术研究和应用,采用水下绳锯法切割灌注桩,利用海上箱涵安装时既有的大吨位起重船整体吊装,确定了绳锯切割设备、起重船整体吊装、吊装孔设计、吊索具等关键参数,实现灌注桩水下绿色、安全拆除,保证了项目顺利实施。

跨城市主干道老桥拆除施工技术研究

老桥拆除是一个施工技术要求高、风险系数大的复杂施工过程,为确保桥梁结构在拆除过程中的安全性,以皇茶大道跨线桥为背景,综合考虑结构特点、周围环境、施工条件和安全等因素,通过对比传统敲、凿(凿破机)工艺和金刚石绳锯切割工艺,研究确定拆除方案及工艺流程。从防撞护栏、现浇梁板和墩柱的切割及吊离和脚手架的拆除方面阐述了老桥拆除的技术关键点,为类似老桥拆除工程提供参考。