To improve ground vehicle efficiency, shift schedule energy saving was proposed for the ground vehicle automatic transmission by studying the function of the torque converter and transmission in the vehicular drivetra...To improve ground vehicle efficiency, shift schedule energy saving was proposed for the ground vehicle automatic transmission by studying the function of the torque converter and transmission in the vehicular drivetrain. The shift schedule can keep the torque converter working in the high efficiency range under all the working conditions except in the low efficiency range on the left when the transmission worked at the lowest shift, and in the low efficiency range on the right when the transmission worked at the highest shift. The shift quality key factors were analysed. The automatic trans-mission's bench-test adopting this shift schedule was made on the automatic transmission's test-bed. The experimental results showed that the shift schedule was correct and that the shift quality was controllable.展开更多
In parallel hybrid electrical vehicle （PHEV） equipped with automatic mechanical transmission （AMT）, the driving smoothness and the clutch abrasion are the primary considerations for powertrain control during gears...In parallel hybrid electrical vehicle （PHEV） equipped with automatic mechanical transmission （AMT）, the driving smoothness and the clutch abrasion are the primary considerations for powertrain control during gearshift and clutch operation. To improve these performance indexes of PHEV, a coordinated control system is proposed through the analyzing of HEV powertrain dynamic characteristics. Using the method of minimum principle, the input torque of transmission is optimized to improve the driving smoothness of vehicle. Using the methods of fuzzy logic and fuzzy-PID, the engaging speed of clutch and the throttle opening of engine are manipulated to ensure the smoothness of clutch engagement and reduce the abrasion of clutch friction plates. The motor provides the difference between the required input torque of transmission and the torque transmitted through clutch plates. Results of simulation and experiments show that the proposed control strategy performs better than the contrastive control system, the smoothness of driving and the abrasion of clutch can be improved simultaneously.展开更多
The progress of safety technologies,based on the continuous advances in vehicle crash worthiness,restraint systems and active safety functions made traffic safer than ever before.Latest developments heading from assis...The progress of safety technologies,based on the continuous advances in vehicle crash worthiness,restraint systems and active safety functions made traffic safer than ever before.Latest developments heading from assisted Advanced Driver Assistance System(ADAS)to Automated Driving(AD),lead to more and more complex real-world situations to be handled,going from standard driving tasks up to critical situations,which may cause a collision.Therefore,throughout the development process of such systems,it becomes common to use simulation technologies in order to assess these systems in advance.To gain results out of the simulation,input data are required;typically,from various sources,so the requirements can be covered.Thus,the challenge of scoping with different input sources arises.To come along with that problem,two main kinds of input data will be needed in general:(1)the descriptive parameter covering all border conditions,so called parameter room;(2)the system specifications for estimation.The quality of the results correlates strongly with the quality of inputs given.In case of ADAS systems and AD functions,the second kind of input data is very well known.Major challenges relate to the first kind of input data.Thus,the paper will describe a way to create input data that cover all descriptive parameters needed from normal driving up to the collision by the combination of accident analysis and real-world road traffic observations.The method aims at being applicable to different data sources and to different countries.展开更多
In order to effectively control the working state of the gyroscope in drive mode, the drive characteristics of the micro electromechanical system （MEMS） gyroscope are analyzed in principle. A novel drive circuit for...In order to effectively control the working state of the gyroscope in drive mode, the drive characteristics of the micro electromechanical system （MEMS） gyroscope are analyzed in principle. A novel drive circuit for the MEMS gyroscope in digital closed-loop control is proposed, which utilizes a digital phase-locked loop （PLL） in frequency control and an automatic gain control （AGC） method in amplitude control. A digital processing circuit with a field programmable gate array （FPGA） is designed and the experiments are carried out. The results indicate that when the temperature changes, the drive frequency can automatically track the resonant frequency of gyroscope in drive mode and that of the oscillating amplitude holds at a set value. And at room temperature, the relative deviation of the drive frequency is 0.624 ×10^-6 and the oscillating amplitude is 8.0 ×10^-6, which are 0. 094% and 18. 39% of the analog control program, respectively. Therefore, the control solution of the digital PLL in frequency and the AGC in amplitude is feasible.展开更多
Driving safety field(DSF) model has been proposed to represent comprehensive driving risk formed by interactions of driver-vehicle-road in mixed traffic environment. In this work, we establish an optimization model ba...Driving safety field(DSF) model has been proposed to represent comprehensive driving risk formed by interactions of driver-vehicle-road in mixed traffic environment. In this work, we establish an optimization model based on grey relation degree analysis to calibrate risk coefficients of DSF model. To solve the optimum solution, a genetic algorithm is employed. Finally, the DSF model is verified through a real-world driving experiment. Results show that the DSF model is consistent with driver's hazard perception and more sensitive than TTC. Moreover, the proposed DSF model offers a novel way for criticality assessment and decision-making of advanced driver assistance systems and intelligent connected vehicles.展开更多
模型驱动开发方法逐渐应用于航空航天等领域的安全关键软件设计与实现中。体系结构分析设计语言(Architecture Analysis and Design Language,AADL)是一种标准化的嵌入式软件体系结构描述语言,通过建模、验证以及代码自动生成为安全关...模型驱动开发方法逐渐应用于航空航天等领域的安全关键软件设计与实现中。体系结构分析设计语言(Architecture Analysis and Design Language,AADL)是一种标准化的嵌入式软件体系结构描述语言,通过建模、验证以及代码自动生成为安全关键软件的设计与实现提供完整支持。然而,工业界实际代码是运行在具有不同特性的目标平台上的,例如不同的软硬件体系结构和编程接口,而现有AADL代码生成研究主要是通过手工将自动生成的代码集成到平台当中,存在工作繁琐且易出错的问题。为此,本文提出一种基于AADL的航天嵌入式软件Ada代码自动生成方法。首先,给出卫星姿轨控系统的AADL建模;其次,给出AADL到平台相关的Ada代码自动转化规则;最后,给出代码生成原型工具,并对卫星姿轨控系统AADL模型所生成的代码进行航天编码规范检查,并运行在相关仿真环境中,验证了本文所提方法的有效性。展开更多
Based on the driver surveillance video data and controller area network(CAN)data,the methods of studying commercial vehicles’driving behavior is relatively advanced.However,these methods have difficulty in covering p...Based on the driver surveillance video data and controller area network(CAN)data,the methods of studying commercial vehicles’driving behavior is relatively advanced.However,these methods have difficulty in covering private vehicles.Naturalistic driving studies have disadvantages of small sample size and high cost,one new driving behavior evaluation method using massive vehicle trajectory data is put forward.An automatic encoding machine is used to reduce the noise of raw data,and then driving dynamics and self-organizing mapping(SOM)classification are used to give thresholds or the judgement method of overspeed,rapid speed change,rapid turning and rapid lane changing.The proportion of different driving behaviors and typical dangerous driving behaviors is calculated,then the temporal and spatial distribution of drivers’driving behavior and the driving behavior characteristics on typical roads are analyzed.Driving behaviors on accident-prone road sections and normal road sections are compared.Results show that in Shenzhen,frequent lane changing and overspeed are the most common unsafe driving behaviors;16.1%drivers have relatively aggressive driving behavior;the proportion of dangerous driving behavior is higher outside the original economic special zone;dangerous driving behavior is highly correlated with traffic accident frequency.展开更多
文摘To improve ground vehicle efficiency, shift schedule energy saving was proposed for the ground vehicle automatic transmission by studying the function of the torque converter and transmission in the vehicular drivetrain. The shift schedule can keep the torque converter working in the high efficiency range under all the working conditions except in the low efficiency range on the left when the transmission worked at the lowest shift, and in the low efficiency range on the right when the transmission worked at the highest shift. The shift quality key factors were analysed. The automatic trans-mission's bench-test adopting this shift schedule was made on the automatic transmission's test-bed. The experimental results showed that the shift schedule was correct and that the shift quality was controllable.
基金This project is supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2001AA501200, 2003AA501200).
文摘In parallel hybrid electrical vehicle （PHEV） equipped with automatic mechanical transmission （AMT）, the driving smoothness and the clutch abrasion are the primary considerations for powertrain control during gearshift and clutch operation. To improve these performance indexes of PHEV, a coordinated control system is proposed through the analyzing of HEV powertrain dynamic characteristics. Using the method of minimum principle, the input torque of transmission is optimized to improve the driving smoothness of vehicle. Using the methods of fuzzy logic and fuzzy-PID, the engaging speed of clutch and the throttle opening of engine are manipulated to ensure the smoothness of clutch engagement and reduce the abrasion of clutch friction plates. The motor provides the difference between the required input torque of transmission and the torque transmitted through clutch plates. Results of simulation and experiments show that the proposed control strategy performs better than the contrastive control system, the smoothness of driving and the abrasion of clutch can be improved simultaneously.
文摘The progress of safety technologies,based on the continuous advances in vehicle crash worthiness,restraint systems and active safety functions made traffic safer than ever before.Latest developments heading from assisted Advanced Driver Assistance System(ADAS)to Automated Driving(AD),lead to more and more complex real-world situations to be handled,going from standard driving tasks up to critical situations,which may cause a collision.Therefore,throughout the development process of such systems,it becomes common to use simulation technologies in order to assess these systems in advance.To gain results out of the simulation,input data are required;typically,from various sources,so the requirements can be covered.Thus,the challenge of scoping with different input sources arises.To come along with that problem,two main kinds of input data will be needed in general:(1)the descriptive parameter covering all border conditions,so called parameter room;(2)the system specifications for estimation.The quality of the results correlates strongly with the quality of inputs given.In case of ADAS systems and AD functions,the second kind of input data is very well known.Major challenges relate to the first kind of input data.Thus,the paper will describe a way to create input data that cover all descriptive parameters needed from normal driving up to the collision by the combination of accident analysis and real-world road traffic observations.The method aims at being applicable to different data sources and to different countries.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 60974116 )the Research Fund of Aeronautics Science (No.20090869007)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 200902861063)
文摘In order to effectively control the working state of the gyroscope in drive mode, the drive characteristics of the micro electromechanical system （MEMS） gyroscope are analyzed in principle. A novel drive circuit for the MEMS gyroscope in digital closed-loop control is proposed, which utilizes a digital phase-locked loop （PLL） in frequency control and an automatic gain control （AGC） method in amplitude control. A digital processing circuit with a field programmable gate array （FPGA） is designed and the experiments are carried out. The results indicate that when the temperature changes, the drive frequency can automatically track the resonant frequency of gyroscope in drive mode and that of the oscillating amplitude holds at a set value. And at room temperature, the relative deviation of the drive frequency is 0.624 ×10^-6 and the oscillating amplitude is 8.0 ×10^-6, which are 0. 094% and 18. 39% of the analog control program, respectively. Therefore, the control solution of the digital PLL in frequency and the AGC in amplitude is feasible.
基金Projects(51475254,51625503)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(MCM20150302)supported by the Joint Project of Tsinghua and China Mobile,ChinaProject supported by the joint Project of Tsinghua and Daimler Greater China Ltd.,Beijing,China
文摘Driving safety field(DSF) model has been proposed to represent comprehensive driving risk formed by interactions of driver-vehicle-road in mixed traffic environment. In this work, we establish an optimization model based on grey relation degree analysis to calibrate risk coefficients of DSF model. To solve the optimum solution, a genetic algorithm is employed. Finally, the DSF model is verified through a real-world driving experiment. Results show that the DSF model is consistent with driver's hazard perception and more sensitive than TTC. Moreover, the proposed DSF model offers a novel way for criticality assessment and decision-making of advanced driver assistance systems and intelligent connected vehicles.
文摘模型驱动开发方法逐渐应用于航空航天等领域的安全关键软件设计与实现中。体系结构分析设计语言(Architecture Analysis and Design Language,AADL)是一种标准化的嵌入式软件体系结构描述语言,通过建模、验证以及代码自动生成为安全关键软件的设计与实现提供完整支持。然而,工业界实际代码是运行在具有不同特性的目标平台上的,例如不同的软硬件体系结构和编程接口,而现有AADL代码生成研究主要是通过手工将自动生成的代码集成到平台当中,存在工作繁琐且易出错的问题。为此,本文提出一种基于AADL的航天嵌入式软件Ada代码自动生成方法。首先,给出卫星姿轨控系统的AADL建模;其次,给出AADL到平台相关的Ada代码自动转化规则;最后,给出代码生成原型工具,并对卫星姿轨控系统AADL模型所生成的代码进行航天编码规范检查,并运行在相关仿真环境中,验证了本文所提方法的有效性。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71641005)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB1601105)
文摘Based on the driver surveillance video data and controller area network(CAN)data,the methods of studying commercial vehicles’driving behavior is relatively advanced.However,these methods have difficulty in covering private vehicles.Naturalistic driving studies have disadvantages of small sample size and high cost,one new driving behavior evaluation method using massive vehicle trajectory data is put forward.An automatic encoding machine is used to reduce the noise of raw data,and then driving dynamics and self-organizing mapping(SOM)classification are used to give thresholds or the judgement method of overspeed,rapid speed change,rapid turning and rapid lane changing.The proportion of different driving behaviors and typical dangerous driving behaviors is calculated,then the temporal and spatial distribution of drivers’driving behavior and the driving behavior characteristics on typical roads are analyzed.Driving behaviors on accident-prone road sections and normal road sections are compared.Results show that in Shenzhen,frequent lane changing and overspeed are the most common unsafe driving behaviors;16.1%drivers have relatively aggressive driving behavior;the proportion of dangerous driving behavior is higher outside the original economic special zone;dangerous driving behavior is highly correlated with traffic accident frequency.
