A study on light-aging resistance of instrument panel materials and bumper materials on the automobile

The light-aging test method commonly used in the automotive industry is utilized to carry out light- aging research on automotive instrument panel （IP） materials and bumper materials. On one hand, the impacts of common light-aging test methods on aging degree of automotive component materials are reviewed; on the other hand, the light-aging resistances of different component materials are compared. The results show that, for light-aging behavior of IP materials, the aging degree of the third test method is not severer than that of the second method, but it is severer than that of the first method. The light-aging resistance of IP material A is al- most the same as that of IP material B. With reference to light-aging behavior of bumper materials, the aging de- gree of three common test methods indicates that the aging degree of the sixth test method is not severer than that of the fourth method, but it is severer than that of the fifth method. The light-aging resistance of bumper material D is superior to that of bumper material C.

Research of Dynamic Material Handling in an Automobile General Assembly Line Based on Real-time Information

The status of material delivery of an automobile general assembly line is analyzed, and the technique to achieve the real-time tracking of assembly status information is proposed based on RFID（ Radio Frequency Identification）. Thus the consumption of line-side buffer is obtained dynamically, then the type and quantity of needed material are fed back to the subsystem of material handling; the algorithm for determining the best time departure time of delivery driver based on minimizing of total time penalty function is proposed. This approach makes the material amount of a single delivery trip maximized and improves the efficiency of delivery drivers significantly in the case of does not affect the assembly line normal throughput. Additionally, although this dynamic material handling method is developed for the automobile assembly plant, it should be pointed out that this method is also applicable to other mixed model assembly plants such as electronics, semiconductor and aerospace industry.

Charging of Materials Non-Metallic Used in Underground Mines Endangered by Firedamp and/or Coal Dust

The expansion parts and components of non-metallic in devices have become a fait accompli. In the case parts, components of non-metallic are used in atmospheres explosive and may be a potential source of ignition [1]. Ignition hazards due to static electricity from the charged non-conductive non-metallic materials are well known [2]. The prevalence protection metal parts and components of anti-corrosion exist in any device equipped with a metal casing. Inherent risks associated services are caused by static electricity. Electrostatic phenomena arise in many situations, in a variety of environments and industries. The occurrence of charge static in many cases unexpected is unwanted and requires the use of expensive preventive measures. Brush discharge and propagating brush discharge (e.g. composite coating about non-conductive electrostatic properties of an isolated base conductive) create explosion hazard in underground endangered by firedamp and/or coal dust [3].

Research on toughening mechanisms of alumina matrix ceramic composite materials improved by rare earth additive

Mixed rare earth elements were incorporated into alumina ceramic materials. Hot-pressing was used to fabricate alumina matrix composites in nitrogen atmosphere protection. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the composites were tested. It was indicated that the bending strength and fracture toughness of alumina matrix ceramic composites sintered at 1550 ℃ and 28 MPa for 30 min were improved evidently. Besides mixed rare earth elements acting as a toughening phase, AlTiC master alloys were also added in as sintering assistants, which could prompt the formation of transient liquid phase, and thus nitrides of rare earth elements were produced. All of the above were beneficial for improving the mechanical properties of alumina matrix ceramic composites.

On the automobile lightweight

The significance,description parameters,evaluation method,implement way and design for lightweight of automobile are comprehensively reviewed.The relationship among the performances of auto parts & components,the properties of materials and application of advanced technologies is also elaborated.According to recently related progress of lightweight and authors' research and developing work,lightweight of automobile is comprehensively and systematically overviewed.

A Novel Uniplanar Multi-Electrode Capacitive Sensor for In-Situ Weathering Damage Detection of Nonmetallic Materials

A uniplanar capacitive sensor with 5-electrodes on one plane substrate and a large reflector electrode,was designed to get the corresponding capacitance information for weathering damage detection of non-metallic materials exposed to a service environment.A 2-D finite-element method was employed to simulate the electric potential distribution and capacitance measurements for the sensor.2 marble slabs,one was healthy and the other was notched,were experimentally detected.Both the simulation and the preliminary experimental results show that the measured capacitances decrease after weathering damage occurs in nonmetallic material.The reflector can enlarge the sensitive depth.The weathering assessment of nonmetallic materials can be done by processing the measured capacitances.The proposed approach can effectively detect the weathering damage of nonmetallic material and can be practically used for in-situ weathering damage evaluation.

Characterization of the negative thermal expansion material Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8

The oxide ZrW_2O_8 displays unusual property of isotropic negative thermalexpansion in a large wide temperature range, which makes it have a number of important potentialapplications. The cubic Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 (x velence 0,0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) were synthesized bystandard solid state reaction technique. The high and low temperature X-ray diffraction analysisindicate that the substitution of the Hf^(4+) for Zr^(4+) only leads to reducing the latticeconstants, and the changes of negative thermal expansion coefficients are not obvious. The linearexpansion coefficients of Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 (x velence 0,0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) are about -6 X 10^(-6) K^(-1) in the temperature range of 298 to 973 K, while that of Zr_(0.5)Hf_(0.5)W_2O_8 is -9.6X 10^(-6) K_(-1) from 83 to 298 K. The phase transition temperatures from alpha-ZrW_2O_8 tobeta-ZrW_2O_8 structure were also determined by X-ray diffraction method. Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) exhibits that Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 is not hygroscopic in air.

Research of Lightweight Composite Automobile Wheel

Composite materials are widely used in automobiles because of their small proportion, large modulus and high strength. In this paper, carbon fiber-epoxy (T300/5222) composite material is used to design the composite automobile wheel hub according to the general principle of laminated plate design. And the hub layer is finished with hypermesh 14.0. The stress and strain of the hub can be analyzed by Hyperworks14.0 according to the three kinds of conditions. Then the maximum stress layer?is found?out and the strength?is?checked. The composite wheel hub is compared with the same aluminum alloy hub. The results showed that composite materials of hub can be achieved in hub strength requirements. Because its ultimate stress is bigger than Aluminum Alloy of hub, obviously the strength of composite hub is higher than the Aluminum Alloy of hub. Because of the smaller strain, the impact of performance is better. The composite wheel hub reduces?the weight of 11.3%.

汽车隐形车衣的安装技巧

隐形车衣越来越受到车主的欢迎,但由于隐形车衣材料质量良莠不齐,安装时技术规范性不强,导致后期客户投诉率较高,介于此现象,本文将隐形的材质选择方法及规范安装方法进行介绍和展示,方便客户选择适合车衣,同时便于安装技师相互学习,为汽车后服市场的规范起到正向作用。

多孔催化材料的制备及其性能研究实验教学实践

为提高学生的科研素质和创新精神,设计并实施了“多孔催化材料的制备及其性能研究”创新实验,介绍了多孔CeO 2-ZrO 2-Al 2 O 3催化材料及其在尾气净化催化剂中的应用,探究了表面活性剂对该材料性能的影响规律及其作用机制。学生通过该实验可掌握多孔材料和固溶体的相关知识,系统探讨材料制备条件、结构和性能之间的相关性。该实验以教师科研成果为依托,关注热点环境问题,并涉及材料制备和材料表征以及大型仪器表征分析等基础理论和实验原理,在夯实大学生专业知识的同时,有助于增强学生创新意识和专业认同感。

浅析汽车轻量化技术

随着“双碳”目标的提出和电动汽车的普及,汽车轻量化成为解决汽车能耗、续航里程和环境影响等问题的重要途径。综合分析了当前汽车轻量化技术的发展现状,强调了轻量化对于电动汽车性能、安全性、续航里程以及成本的重要性。主要介绍了包括材料轻量化(高强度钢、铝合金、镁合金、钛合金、塑料及复合材料、其他材料)、工艺轻量化(液压成形、热成型、激光焊接)以及结构轻量化(拓扑优化、形状和尺寸优化、多学科优化)的应用现状并对其发展趋势进行了探讨。综合而言,本文对于促进汽车轻量化技术的研究和应用具有一定的参考意义。

防撞梁结构设计与碰撞性能研究

目的研究汽车防撞梁材料选择和结构设计对汽车安全性的影响。方法通过对汽车防撞梁的概念及特性进行总结归纳,并比对不同材料和不同结构的防撞梁对其安全性的影响,并通过仿真模拟探究不同材料下的碰撞性能。结果结构最优情况下,增强竹纤维复合材料防撞梁在其碰撞测试过程中表现出位移较低且修复性能较强等特性。结论该结果表明了增强竹纤维复合材料具有较好的保护性能,增强竹纤维复合材料相较于其他传统材料而言具有可降解的优异特性和良好的可回收性,为现代汽车设计提供了良好的参考建议,有利于汽车工业的良性发展,也有助于进一步提升整车的安全性能。

某车型整车挥发性有机物溯源分析

为了对某车型整车的挥发性有机物进行溯源分析,对10辆配置相同的整车进行挥发性有机物(VOC)进行测试,探讨了车辆VOC的挥发特性,对样车内16类型号、配置和工艺一致的零部件及其原材料进行了VOC测试,对测试结果进行溯源分析,识别出车内VOC含量贡献较大的零部件及其原材料,为改善车内空气质量提供数据支持。

常见车用环境对聚己内酰胺材料性能的影响

为分析应用于汽车的聚己内酰胺(PA6)材料在实际使用工况下,环境对其性能的影响,研究了不同车用环境对PA6材料的拉伸、弯曲、压缩、冲击等力学性能的影响,并且,对其拉伸断面形貌进行了分析。结果表明,不同环境对PA6材料性能变化的影响明显不同。当PA6在-40℃低温条件下放置24 h,或在95号汽油中浸泡720 h时,PA6材料的力学性能大部分保持率可在90%~110%,断面形貌基本无变化。当在温度为80℃条件下放置500 h,或120℃条件下放置24 h时,PA6材料的强度增大,性能变化率范围为15.3%~63.8%,韧性降低,性能变化率在-8.1%~-85.9%之间,拉伸断面应力发白情况减少。在玻璃水和洗车液中浸泡时,随着浸泡时间的增大,材料的韧性逐渐增加、强度逐渐降低,拉伸断面基本无应力发白情况。

基于“岗课赛证”融通的汽车专业新型活页式教材开发

伴随着社会的发展,人们的生活水平显著提升,我国对汽车技术人才的需求也更加紧迫。为了提高职业院校的汽车专业教学水平,教师正在尝试新的教学方式和教学策略,如加强对汽车专业新型活页式教材开发,为学生提供了更加丰富的学习内容,也保障了学生学习的有效性。因此,本文立足“岗课赛证”融通,针对汽车专业新型活页式教材开发展开讨论,希望可以给职业院校教师提供一定的借鉴价值,促进我国汽车专业人才的发展。

银基抗菌复合汽车空调滤材的抗菌、防霉、消臭性能研究

以银基抗菌复合滤材为试样,研究了大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性能,巴西曲霉、嗜松篮状菌、球毛壳霉、绿色木霉、出芽短梗霉的防霉性能,以及异戊酸的消臭性能。结果表明,对两种实验菌种的抑菌率>99%,防霉等级为0级(不再生长),对异戊酸的臭味化学成分浓度减少率>99%。

汽车涂装专业防腐材料成本优化探讨

主要介绍了汽车涂装过程中车身的防腐工艺以及所使用的防腐材料,从车身涂装的生产工序、防腐工艺及防腐材料3个方面着力探究生产成本控制的方式方法,并对未来涂装工艺及防腐材料的发展提出了建议。

车门外开手柄外壳断裂分析

对断裂车门外开手柄外壳进行了材料一致性与力学性能分析、断口形貌分析、结构分析、应力分析、失效模拟,发现材料一致性和力学性能均符合设计要求,该零部件在远离注塑进料胶口且壁厚较薄的尖端容易发生应力断裂。通过将外壳与骨架间隙由0.2 mm增加到1.2 mm、外手柄尖端转角由直角链接改为斜面和圆弧过渡、工艺设计上改变模具进料胶口位置、固定模具温度为50~60℃、注塑前的烘料干燥时间由1 h增加到2 h、注塑后增加80℃/1 h烘烤去应力工艺、保压时间从7 s缩短为4 s,能够降低应力,解决外开手柄断裂问题。对优化设计后的零部件进行验证与跟踪,未再出现类似失效情况。

汽车用不锈钢表面激光熔覆CoCrNi中熵合金熔覆层微观组织及耐蚀性研究

为提升车用304不锈钢的表面硬度及耐蚀性,采用激光熔覆技术在304不锈钢表面制备了CoCrNi中熵合金熔覆层,并研究了熔覆层的相组成、元素分布及耐蚀性能。结果表明,CoCrNi中熵合金熔覆层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合,无裂纹、气孔等缺陷;熔覆层由单一FCC相组成,组织为枝晶、枝晶间结构,各元素在熔覆层中均匀分布,无明显偏析现象,Cr元素的均匀分布对提升涂层耐蚀性具有积极作用;CoCrNi中熵合金熔覆层的极化电阻(101.65 kΩ)高于304基体的极化电阻(90.56 kΩ),耐蚀性明显高于304基体。

基于拓扑优化理论下汽车轮毂结构轻量化设计

汽车轮毂结构轻量化设计是在保持轮毂功能和性能不变的前提下,尽可能降低其质量,从而减轻整车重量,提高燃油经济性和行驶性能。该文采用OptiStruct通过对轮毂结构进行建模和网格划分,确定了有限元分析的计算模型。然后,在考虑强度、刚度和质量等多个设计约束条件的基础上,利用OptiStruct进行调整材料分布和形状,充分利用材料的受力特性和结构优势,实现了轮毂质量的有效降低,同时保证了其强度和刚度的需求。通过对优化后的汽车轮毂材料进行静态加载测试、动态加载测试和耐久性测试,验证轮毂在实际使用中的稳定性和可靠性,结果表明,优化设计方案能够满足汽车轮毂在各种工况下的设计要求。该研究为汽车轮毂轻量化设计提供了一种有效的方法和技术支持,在汽车工程领域具有一定的理论和实践意义,为汽车轮毂轻量化设计和工程应用提供了有益的参考和借鉴。