Background: Rotavirus is the most common pathogen of severe acute diarrhea in children under five years of age worldwide. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the morbidity and mortality of rot...Background: Rotavirus is the most common pathogen of severe acute diarrhea in children under five years of age worldwide. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the morbidity and mortality of rotavirus diarrhea while describing the seasonal kinetics of the infection according to climatic parameters in Bangui. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020 in the Central African Republic (CHUPB). The health data were recorded and processed with the Access 2019 software, then analyzed with the STATA version 14 software. The climatic trends in the study area and its seasonal variations were highlighted by the monthly rainfall coefficient of Alfred Angot: Cm = 12 Pm/P. Results: Morbidity was 45.99% of cases. The 1 to 12 months old represented 93.81% of cases. The mean age of the children was 6.8 months, the sex ratio was 1.20. The symptomatic triad was diarrhea (100%), vomiting (90.20%) and fever (87.5%). Moderate dehydration was reported in 81.05% of cases. The main genotype combinations found were P[8]G1 in 34.02% (n = 115/338), P[6]G1 in 21.59% (n = 73/338) and P[6]G2 in 16.86% (n = 57/338). Case fatality was 11.45%. The risk of death was influenced by rural origin, severe dehydration, hypovolemic cloc and duration of hospitalization > 5 days. Low rainfall correlated with the highest rates of rotavirus diarrhea. Likewise, high temperature correlated with the highest number of cases of rotavirus diarrhea. Conclusion: Acute rotavirus diarrhea is an important morbidity and mortality issue in children under 5 years old in Bangui.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a major infectious cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide.In clinical trials,Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53013(LGG)has been used to treat diarrhea.However,recent randomized con...BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a major infectious cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide.In clinical trials,Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53013(LGG)has been used to treat diarrhea.However,recent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)found no evidence of a beneficial effect of LGG treatment.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of LGG in treating acute diarrhea in children.METHODS The EMBASE,MEDLINE,PubMed,Web of Science databases,and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to April 2019 for metaanalyses and RCTs.The Cochrane Review Manager was used to analyze the relevant data.RESULTS Nineteen RCTs met the inclusion criteria and showed that compared with the control group,LGG administration notably reduced the diarrhea duration[mean difference(MD)-24.02 h,95%confidence interval(CI)(-36.58,-11.45)].More effective results were detected at a high dose≥1010 CFU per day[MD-22.56 h,95%CI(-36.41,-8.72)]vs a lower dose.A similar reduction was found in Asian and European patients[MD-24.42 h,95%CI(-47.01,-1.82);MD-32.02 h,95%CI(-49.26,-14.79),respectively].A reduced duration of diarrhea was confirmed in LGG participants with diarrhea for less than 3 d at enrollment[MD-15.83 h,95%CI(-20.68,-10.98)].High-dose LGG effectively reduced the duration of rotavirus-induced diarrhea[MD-31.05 h,95%CI(-50.31,-11.80)]and the stool number per day[MD-1.08,95%CI(-1.87,-0.28)].CONCLUSION High-dose LGG therapy reduces the duration of diarrhea and the stool number per day.Intervention at the early stage is recommended.Future trials are expected to verify the effectiveness of LGG treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus responsible for a significant burden of acute gastroenteritis,particularly among infants and young children worldwide,however,vaccination against this viral agent is a...BACKGROUND Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus responsible for a significant burden of acute gastroenteritis,particularly among infants and young children worldwide,however,vaccination against this viral agent is available.Several studies have hypothesized that rotavirus vaccination has been linked to lower rates of antibiotic resistance.AIM To assess the relationship between rotavirus vaccination and antibiotic resistance.METHODS The present systematic review was tailored based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Several electronic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Scopus and Web of Science)were searched independently by two investigators in order to retrieve relevant publications published until April 2023 that investigated the aforementioned research question.RESULTS The comprehensive database search identified a total of 91 records.After the duplicates were removed(n=75),we screened the titles and abstracts of 16 potentially eligible publications.After the irrelevant records were excluded(n=5),we screened the full texts of 11 manuscripts.Finally,5 studies were entered into the qualitative and quantitative analysis.CONCLUSION In conclusion,all the studies support the idea that vaccinations can reduce the need for antibiotic prescriptions which could potentially contribute to mitigating antibiotic resistance.However,to fully comprehend the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance,enhance treatment guidelines,and consider diverse demographic situations,further research is necessary to use evidence-based strategies to fight antibiotic misuse and resistance.展开更多
文摘Background: Rotavirus is the most common pathogen of severe acute diarrhea in children under five years of age worldwide. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the morbidity and mortality of rotavirus diarrhea while describing the seasonal kinetics of the infection according to climatic parameters in Bangui. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020 in the Central African Republic (CHUPB). The health data were recorded and processed with the Access 2019 software, then analyzed with the STATA version 14 software. The climatic trends in the study area and its seasonal variations were highlighted by the monthly rainfall coefficient of Alfred Angot: Cm = 12 Pm/P. Results: Morbidity was 45.99% of cases. The 1 to 12 months old represented 93.81% of cases. The mean age of the children was 6.8 months, the sex ratio was 1.20. The symptomatic triad was diarrhea (100%), vomiting (90.20%) and fever (87.5%). Moderate dehydration was reported in 81.05% of cases. The main genotype combinations found were P[8]G1 in 34.02% (n = 115/338), P[6]G1 in 21.59% (n = 73/338) and P[6]G2 in 16.86% (n = 57/338). Case fatality was 11.45%. The risk of death was influenced by rural origin, severe dehydration, hypovolemic cloc and duration of hospitalization > 5 days. Low rainfall correlated with the highest rates of rotavirus diarrhea. Likewise, high temperature correlated with the highest number of cases of rotavirus diarrhea. Conclusion: Acute rotavirus diarrhea is an important morbidity and mortality issue in children under 5 years old in Bangui.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81330011
文摘BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a major infectious cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide.In clinical trials,Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53013(LGG)has been used to treat diarrhea.However,recent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)found no evidence of a beneficial effect of LGG treatment.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of LGG in treating acute diarrhea in children.METHODS The EMBASE,MEDLINE,PubMed,Web of Science databases,and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to April 2019 for metaanalyses and RCTs.The Cochrane Review Manager was used to analyze the relevant data.RESULTS Nineteen RCTs met the inclusion criteria and showed that compared with the control group,LGG administration notably reduced the diarrhea duration[mean difference(MD)-24.02 h,95%confidence interval(CI)(-36.58,-11.45)].More effective results were detected at a high dose≥1010 CFU per day[MD-22.56 h,95%CI(-36.41,-8.72)]vs a lower dose.A similar reduction was found in Asian and European patients[MD-24.42 h,95%CI(-47.01,-1.82);MD-32.02 h,95%CI(-49.26,-14.79),respectively].A reduced duration of diarrhea was confirmed in LGG participants with diarrhea for less than 3 d at enrollment[MD-15.83 h,95%CI(-20.68,-10.98)].High-dose LGG effectively reduced the duration of rotavirus-induced diarrhea[MD-31.05 h,95%CI(-50.31,-11.80)]and the stool number per day[MD-1.08,95%CI(-1.87,-0.28)].CONCLUSION High-dose LGG therapy reduces the duration of diarrhea and the stool number per day.Intervention at the early stage is recommended.Future trials are expected to verify the effectiveness of LGG treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus responsible for a significant burden of acute gastroenteritis,particularly among infants and young children worldwide,however,vaccination against this viral agent is available.Several studies have hypothesized that rotavirus vaccination has been linked to lower rates of antibiotic resistance.AIM To assess the relationship between rotavirus vaccination and antibiotic resistance.METHODS The present systematic review was tailored based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Several electronic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Scopus and Web of Science)were searched independently by two investigators in order to retrieve relevant publications published until April 2023 that investigated the aforementioned research question.RESULTS The comprehensive database search identified a total of 91 records.After the duplicates were removed(n=75),we screened the titles and abstracts of 16 potentially eligible publications.After the irrelevant records were excluded(n=5),we screened the full texts of 11 manuscripts.Finally,5 studies were entered into the qualitative and quantitative analysis.CONCLUSION In conclusion,all the studies support the idea that vaccinations can reduce the need for antibiotic prescriptions which could potentially contribute to mitigating antibiotic resistance.However,to fully comprehend the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance,enhance treatment guidelines,and consider diverse demographic situations,further research is necessary to use evidence-based strategies to fight antibiotic misuse and resistance.
