Ascertaining the influences of auxiliary qubits on the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering and its directions

Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen(EPR) steering is an example of nontrivial quantum nonlocality and characteristic in the non-classical world.The directivity(or asymmetry) is a fascinating trait of EPR steering,and it is different from other quantum nonlocalities.Here,we consider the strategy in which two atoms compose a two-qubit X state,and the two atoms are owned by Alice and Bob,respectively.The atom of Alice suffers from a reservoir,and the atom of Bob couples with a bit flip channel.The influences of auxiliary qubits on EPR steering and its directions are revealed by means of the entropy uncertainty relation.The results indicate that EPR steering declines with growing time t when adding fewer auxiliary qubits.The EPR steering behaves as damped oscillation when introducing more auxiliary qubits in the strong coupling regime.In the weak coupling regime,the EPR steering monotonously decreases as t increases when coupling auxiliary qubits.The increases in auxiliary qubits are responsible for the fact that the steerability from Alice to Bob(or from Bob to Alice) can be more effectively revealed.Notably,the introductions of more auxiliary qubits can change the situation that steerability from Alice to Bob is certain to a situation in which steerability from Bob to Alice is certain.

A GENERALIZED SCALAR AUXILIARY VARIABLE METHOD FOR THE TIME-DEPENDENT GINZBURG-LANDAU EQUATIONS

This paper develops a generalized scalar auxiliary variable(SAV)method for the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations.The backward Euler method is used for discretizing the temporal derivative of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations.In this method,the system is decoupled and linearized to avoid solving the non-linear equation at each step.The theoretical analysis proves that the generalized SAV method can preserve the maximum bound principle and energy stability,and this is confirmed by the numerical result,and also shows that the numerical algorithm is stable.

Research on uninterruptable power supply technology for auxiliary winding of electric locomotive while passing the neutral section

Purpose–Auxiliary power system is an indispensable part of the train;the auxiliary systems of both electric locomotives and EMUs mainly are powered by one of the two ways,which are either from auxiliary windings of traction transformers or from DC-link voltage of traction converters.Powered by DC-link voltage of traction converters,the auxiliary systems were maintained of uninterruptable power supply with energy from electric braking.Meanwhile,powered by traction transformers,the auxiliary systems were always out of power while passing the neutral section of power supply grid and control system is powered by battery at this time.Design/methodology/approach–Uninterrupted power supply of auxiliary power system powered by auxiliary winding of traction transformer was studied.Failure reasons why previous solutions cannot be realized are analyzed.An uninterruptable power supply scheme for the auxiliary systems powered by auxiliary windings of traction transformers is proposed in this paper.The validity of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation and experimental results and on-site operation of an upgraded HXD3C type locomotive.This scheme is attractive for upgrading practical locomotives with the auxiliary systems powered by auxiliary windings of traction transformers.Findings–This scheme regenerates braking power supplied to auxiliary windings of traction transformers while a locomotive runs in the neutral section of the power supply grid.Control objectives of uninterrupted power supply technology are proposed,which are no overvoltage,no overcurrent and uninterrupted power supply.Originality/value–The control strategies of the scheme ensure both overvoltage free and inrush current free when a locomotive enters or leaves the neutral section.Furthermore,this scheme is cost low by employing updated control strategy of software and add both the two current sensors and two connection wires of hardware.

2024 National Practical Technical Training on Textile Printing and Dyeing Auxiliary Preparation Succeeds

From July 16th to 19th,2024,2024 National Practical Technical Training on Textile Printing and Dyeing Auxiliary Preparation,organized by China Research Institute of Daily Chemical and National Engineering Research Center for Surfactants,and co-organized by the Dyeing and Finishing Technology Research Institute of Zhejiang Fashion Institute of Technology and the High Fastness Plant-based Dye Research Base of China Textile Engineering Society,was held successfully in Shangyu,Zhejiang Province,with 92 representatives from 64 work units from all over China.

Auxiliary Software for Defining the Parameters of the Structural Organization of a Complex System

The developed auxiliary software serves to simplify, standardize and facilitate the software loading of the structural organization of a complex technological system, as well as its further manipulation within the process of solving the considered technological system. Its help can be especially useful in the case of a complex structural organization of a technological system with a large number of different functional elements grouped into several technological subsystems. This paper presents the results of its application for a special complex technological system related to the reference steam block for the combined production of heat and electricity.

Evolutionary Multitasking With Global and Local Auxiliary Tasks for Constrained Multi-Objective Optimization

Constrained multi-objective optimization problems(CMOPs) include the optimization of objective functions and the satisfaction of constraint conditions, which challenge the solvers.To solve CMOPs, constrained multi-objective evolutionary algorithms(CMOEAs) have been developed. However, most of them tend to converge into local areas due to the loss of diversity. Evolutionary multitasking(EMT) is new model of solving complex optimization problems, through the knowledge transfer between the source task and other related tasks. Inspired by EMT, this paper develops a new EMT-based CMOEA to solve CMOPs, in which the main task, a global auxiliary task, and a local auxiliary task are created and optimized by one specific population respectively. The main task focuses on finding the feasible Pareto front(PF), and global and local auxiliary tasks are used to respectively enhance global and local diversity. Moreover, the global auxiliary task is used to implement the global search by ignoring constraints, so as to help the population of the main task pass through infeasible obstacles. The local auxiliary task is used to provide local diversity around the population of the main task, so as to exploit promising regions. Through the knowledge transfer among the three tasks, the search ability of the population of the main task will be significantly improved. Compared with other state-of-the-art CMOEAs, the experimental results on three benchmark test suites demonstrate the superior or competitive performance of the proposed CMOEA.

Study on Effect of Small Dosage Tripterygium Glycosides in Auxiliary Treatment of Intractable Still's Disease

Intractable Still’s disease, namely the intractable systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a clinical difficulty of pediatrics, and so far there still lacks any special treatment. In virtue of the markedly anti-inflammatory and immunosuppres-sive effects of tripterygium glycosides (TG, product of Huangshi Pharmaceutical Factory, 10 mg/

Auxiliary guidance manufacture and revealing potential mechanism of perovskite solar cell using machine learning

To promote the development of global carbon neutrality,perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have become a research hotspot in related fields.How to obtain PSCs with expected performance and explore the potential factors affecting device performance are the research priorities in related fields.Although some classical computational methods can facilitate material development,they typically require complex mathematical approximations and manual feature screening processes,which have certain subjectivity and one-sidedness,limiting the performance of the model.In order to alleviate the above challenges,this paper proposes a machine learning(ML)model based on neural networks.The model can assist both PSCs design and analysis of their potential mechanism,demonstrating enhanced and comprehensive auxiliary capabilities.To make the model have higher feasibility and fit the real experimental process more closely,this paper collects the corresponding real experimental data from numerous research papers to develop the model.Compared with other classical ML methods,the proposed model achieved better overall performance.Regarding analysis of underlying mechanism,the relevant laws explored by the model are consistent with the actual experiment results of existing articles.The model exhibits great potential to discover complex laws that are difficult for humans to discover directly.In addition,we also fabricated PSCs to verify the guidance ability of the model in this paper for real experiments.Eventually,the model achieved acceptable results.This work provides new insights into integrating ML methods and PSC design techniques,as well as bridging photovoltaic power generation technology and other fields.

Evaluation method for assessing the auxiliary service transaction mechanism in regional power markets

Accurate and seamless auxiliary services in the power market can guarantee smooth and continuous power system operation. China’s new round of power system reform has entered a critical period, and reform implementation requires comprehensive improvements in the maturity of the supporting auxiliary service market. This study reviews the development status and evolution path of the European unified power market and the US regional power market, provides experience for the development of China’s regional power market, then identifies the key influencing factors of auxiliary service trading mechanism design in regional power markets. To analyze the rationality of the auxiliary service trading evaluation index, this paper established an evaluation model for assessing regional power markets. Using combined weight optimization, the gray correlation TOPSIS method was applied to comprehensively evaluate auxiliary service trading in the regional power market. Finally, the application of the proposed evaluation method was briefly analyzed to examine four regional power markets in China and evaluate the effectiveness of current market construction in different regions and provide suggestions for future market construction.

Multi-Objective Optimization Analysis of Auxiliary Flux Modulator Magnetic Gear with Unequal Magnetic Poles

To enhance the output torque and minimize the torque ripple of coaxial magnetic gear(CMG),a novel auxiliary flux modulator CMG with unequal magnetic poles is proposed.This design incorporates an inner rotor with an asymmetric sector and a trapezoidal combined N-S pole structure,featuring Halbach arrays for the arrangement of permanent magnets(PMs).The outer rotor PMs adopt a Spoke-type configuration.To optimize the CMG for high output torque and low torque ripple,a sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify key size parameters that significantly influence the optimization objectives.Based on the sensitivity hierarchy of these parameters,a multi-objective optimization analysis is performed using a genetic algorithm(GA)to determine the optimal structural parameter values of the CMG.In addition,a coaxial magnetic gear(CMG)topology with 4 inner and 17 outer pole pairs is adopted,and the parametric model is established.Finally,the electromagnetic properties of the CMG are evaluated using the finite element method.The results indicate a remarkable reduction in torque ripple,specifically by 46.15%.

Auxiliary Classifier of Generative Adversarial Network for Lung Cancer Diagnosis

The classification of lung nodules is a challenging problem as the visual analysis of the nodules and non-nodules revealed homogenous textural patterns.In this work,an Auxiliary Classifier(AC)-Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)based Lung Cancer Classification(LCC)system is developed.The pro-posed AC-GAN-LCC system consists of three modules;preprocessing,Lungs Region Detection(LRD),and AC-GAN classification.A Wienerfilter is employed in the preprocessing module to remove the Gaussian noise.In the LRD module,only the lung regions(left and right lungs)are detected using itera-tive thresholding and morphological operations.In order to extract the lung region only,floodfilling and background subtraction.The detected lung regions are fed to the AC-GAN classifier to detect the nodules.It classifies the nodules into one of the two classes,i.e.,binary classification(such as nodules or non-nodules).The AC-GAN is the extended version of the conditional GAN that predicts the label of a given image.Three different optimization techniques,adaptive gradient optimi-zation,root mean square propagation optimization,and Adam optimization are employed for optimizing the AC-GAN architecture.The proposed AC-GAN-LCC system is evaluated on the Lung Image Database Consortium(LIDC)data-base Computed Tomography(CT)scan images.The proposed AC-GAN-LCC system classifies∼15000 CT slices(7310 non-nodules and 7685 nodules).It pro-vides an overall accuracy of 98.8%on the LIDC database using Adam optimiza-tion by a 10-fold cross-validation approach.

Review on laser directed energy deposited aluminum alloys

Lightweight aluminum(Al)alloys have been widely used in frontier fields like aerospace and automotive industries,which attracts great interest in additive manufacturing(AM)to process high-value Al parts.As a mainstream AM technique,laser-directed energy deposition(LDED)shows good scalability to meet the requirements for large-format component manufacturing and repair.However,LDED Al alloys are highly challenging due to their inherent poor printability(e.g.low laser absorption,high oxidation sensitivity and cracking tendency).To further promote the development of LDED high-performance Al alloys,this review offers a deep understanding of the challenges and strategies to improve printability in LDED Al alloys.The porosity,cracking,distortion,inclusions,element evaporation and resultant inferior mechanical properties(worse than laser powder bed fusion)are the key challenges in LDED Al alloys.Processing parameter optimizations,in-situ alloy design,reinforcing particle addition and field assistance are the efficient approaches to improving the printability and performance of LDED Al alloys.The underlying correlations between processes,alloy innovation,characteristic microstructures,and achievable performances in LDED Al alloys are discussed.The benchmark mechanical properties and primary strengthening mechanism of LDED Al alloys are summarized.This review aims to provide a critical and in-depth evaluation of current progress in LDED Al alloys.Future opportunities and perspectives in LDED high-performance Al alloys are also outlined.

Recent innovations in laser additive manufacturing of titanium alloys

Titanium(Ti)alloys are widely used in high-tech fields like aerospace and biomedical engineering.Laser additive manufacturing(LAM),as an innovative technology,is the key driver for the development of Ti alloys.Despite the significant advancements in LAM of Ti alloys,there remain challenges that need further research and development efforts.To recap the potential of LAM high-performance Ti alloy,this article systematically reviews LAM Ti alloys with up-to-date information on process,materials,and properties.Several feasible solutions to advance LAM Ti alloys are reviewed,including intelligent process parameters optimization,LAM process innovation with auxiliary fields and novel Ti alloys customization for LAM.The auxiliary energy fields(e.g.thermal,acoustic,mechanical deformation and magnetic fields)can affect the melt pool dynamics and solidification behaviour during LAM of Ti alloys,altering microstructures and mechanical performances.Different kinds of novel Ti alloys customized for LAM,like peritecticα-Ti,eutectoid(α+β)-Ti,hybrid(α+β)-Ti,isomorphousβ-Ti and eutecticβ-Ti alloys are reviewed in detail.Furthermore,machine learning in accelerating the LAM process optimization and new materials development is also outlooked.This review summarizes the material properties and performance envelops and benchmarks the research achievements in LAM of Ti alloys.In addition,the perspectives and further trends in LAM of Ti alloys are also highlighted.

Another piece of puzzle for the human microbiome: the gut virome under dietary modulation

The virome is the most abundant and highly variable microbial consortium in the gut.Because of difficulties in isolating and culturing gut viruses and the lack of reference genomes,the virome has remained a rela-tively elusive aspect of the human microbiome.In recent years,studies on the virome have accumulated growing evidence showing that the virome is diet-modulated and widely involved in regulating health.Here,we review the responses of the gut virome to dietary intake and the potential health implications,presenting changes in the gut viral community and preferences of viral members to particular diets.We further discuss how viral-bacterial interactions and phage lifestyle shifts shape the gut microbiota.We also discuss the specific functions conferred by diet on the gut virome and bacterial community in the context of horizontal gene transfer,as well as the import of new viral members along with the diet.Collating these studies will expand our understanding of the dietary regulation of the gut virome and inspire dietary in-terventions and health maintenance strategies targeting the gut microbiota.

Performance-control-orientated hybrid metal additive manufacturing technologies:state of the art,challenges,and future trends

Metal additive manufacturing(AM)technologies have made significant progress in the basic theoretical field since their invention in the 1970s.However,performance instability during continuous processing,such as thermal history,residual stress accumulation,and columnar grain epitaxial growth,consistently hinders their broad application in standardized industrial production.To overcome these challenges,performance-control-oriented hybrid AM(HAM)technologies have been introduced.These technologies,by leveraging external auxiliary processes,aim to regulate microstructural evolution and mechanical properties during metal AM.This paper provides a systematic and detailed review of performance-control-oriented HAM technology,which is categorized into two main groups:energy field-assisted AM(EFed AM,e.g.ultrasonic,electromagnetic,and heat)technologies and interlayer plastic deformation-assisted AM(IPDed AM,e.g.laser shock peening,rolling,ultrasonic peening,and friction stir process)technologies.This review covers the influence of external energy fields on the melting,flow,and solidification behavior of materials,and the regulatory effects of interlayer plastic deformation on grain refinement,nucleation,and recrystallization.Furthermore,the role of performance-control-oriented HAM technologies in managing residual stress conversion,metallurgical defect closure,mechanical property improvement,and anisotropy regulation is thoroughly reviewed and discussed.The review concludes with an analysis of future development trends in EFed AM and IPDed AM technologies.

Simplified prediction models for acoustic installation effects of train-mounted equipment

Acoustic models of railway vehicles in standstill and pass-by conditions can be used as part of a virtual certification process for new trains.For each piece of auxiliary equipment,the sound power measured on a test bench is combined with meas-ured or predicted transfer functions.It is important,however,to allow for installation effects due to shielding by fairings or the train body.In the current work,fast-running analytical models are developed to determine these installation effects.The model for roof-mounted sources takes account of diffraction at the corner of the train body or fairing,using a barrier model.For equipment mounted under the train,the acoustic propagation from the sides of the source is based on free-field Green’s functions.The bottom surfaces are assumed to radiate initially into a cavity under the train,which is modelled with a simple diffuse field approach.The sound emitted from the gaps at the side of the cavity is then assumed to propagate to the receivers according to free-field Green’s functions.Results show good agreement with a 2.5D boundary element model and with measurements.Modelling uncertainty and parametric uncertainty are evaluated.The largest variability occurs due to the height and impedance of the ground,especially for a low receiver.This leads to standard deviations of up to 4 dB at low frequencies.For the roof-mounted sources,uncertainty over the location of the corner used in the equivalent barrier model can also lead to large standard deviations.

Travelling wave solutions of nonlinear conformable analytical approaches

The presented study deals with the investigation of nonlinear Bogoyavlenskii equations with conformable time-derivative which has great importance in plasma physics and non-inspectoral scattering problems.Travelling wave solutions of this nonlinear conformable model are constructed by utilizing two powerful analytical approaches,namely,the modified auxiliary equation method and the Sardar sub-equation method.Many novel soliton solutions are extracted using these methods.Furthermore,3D surface graphs,contour plots and parametric graphs are drawn to show dynamical behavior of some obtained solutions with the aid of symbolic software such as Mathematica.The constructed solutions will help to understand the dynamical framework of nonlinear Bogoyavlenskii equations in the related physical phenomena.

High-Order Decoupled and Bound Preserving Local Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for a Class of Chemotaxis Models

In this paper,we explore bound preserving and high-order accurate local discontinuous Galerkin(LDG)schemes to solve a class of chemotaxis models,including the classical Keller-Segel(KS)model and two other density-dependent problems.We use the convex splitting method,the variant energy quadratization method,and the scalar auxiliary variable method coupled with the LDG method to construct first-order temporal accurate schemes based on the gradient flow structure of the models.These semi-implicit schemes are decoupled,energy stable,and can be extended to high accuracy schemes using the semi-implicit spectral deferred correction method.Many bound preserving DG discretizations are only worked on explicit time integration methods and are difficult to get high-order accuracy.To overcome these difficulties,we use the Lagrange multipliers to enforce the implicit or semi-implicit LDG schemes to satisfy the bound constraints at each time step.This bound preserving limiter results in the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker condition,which can be solved by an efficient active set semi-smooth Newton method.Various numerical experiments illustrate the high-order accuracy and the effect of bound preserving.

Effect of endoscopic full-thickness resection assisted by distal serosal turnover with floss traction for gastric submucosal masses

BACKGROUND Complex and high-risk surgical complications pose pressing challenges in the clinical implementation and advancement of endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR).Successful perforation repair under endoscopy,thereby avoiding surgical intervention and postoperative complications such as peritonitis,are pivotal for effective EFTR.AIM To investigate the effectiveness and safety of EFTR assisted by distal serosal inversion under floss traction in gastric submucosal tumors.METHODS A retrospective analysis of patients with gastric and duodenal submucosal tumors treated with EFTR assisted by the distal serosa inversion under dental floss traction from January 2023 to January 2024 was conducted.The total operation time,tumor dissection time,wound closure time,intraoperative bleeding volume,length of hospital stay and incidence of complications were analyzed.RESULTS There were 93 patients,aged 55.1±12.1 years.Complete tumor resection was achieved in all cases,resulting in a 100% success rate.The average total operation time was 67.4±27.0 min,with tumor dissection taking 43.6±20.4 min.Wound closure times varied,with gastric body closure time of 24.5±14.1 min and gastric fundus closure time of 16.6±8.7 min,showing a significant difference(P<0.05).Intraoperative blood loss was 2.3±4.0 mL,and average length of hospital stay was 5.7±1.9 d.There was no secondary perforation after suturing in all cases.The incidence of delayed bleeding was 2.2%,and the incidence of abdominal infection was 3.2%.No patient required other surgical intervention during and after the operation.CONCLUSION Distal serosal inversion under dental-floss-assisted EFTR significantly reduced wound closure time and intraoperative blood loss,making it a viable approach for gastric submucosal tumors.

Clinical Application of Sex Hormone in Different Physiological Periods in the Diagnosis of Infertility Patients

Background: Infertility is characterized by the inability to conceive after a year of regular unprotected intercourse. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of sex hormone levels during different physiological periods in the diagnosis of infertility patients. Methods: From December 2019 to May 2021, a total of 93 infertility patients were admitted and selected as the observation group. Among them, 31 cases were in the follicular stage, 31 cases in the ovulation stage, and 31 cases in the luteal stage. Ninety-three healthy women for fertility evaluation due to male infertility were selected as the control group. The control group included 31 women in the follicular phase, 31 women in the ovulatory phase, and 31 women in the luteal phase. The levels of sex hormones (prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and progesterone (P)) during different physiological phases were compared between the observation and control groups. Results: The follicular phase showed no significant difference in LH levels between the observation group and the control group. The observation group showed higher levels of PRL and P compared to the control group, while the levels of FSH, E2, and T were lower in the observation group compared to the control group. The ovulation phase showed no significant difference in PRL levels between the two groups. The observation group showed lower levels of LH, FSH, E2, T, and P compared to the control group. The luteal phase showed no statistical difference in E2 levels between the two groups. The observation group showed higher levels of PRL, LH, and FSH compared to the control group, while the levels of T and P were lower in the observation group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Infertile women show variations in hormone levels compared to the normal levels during the follicular phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase.