Triad Philosophy:An Initiative Idea for Merging Western and Eastern Thoughts

The core of triad philosophy consists of triad ontology, triad epistemology, and triad axiology based on triad logic. The triad ontology is characterized by objective knowledge (Li), objective matter (Ch’i), and subjective spirit (Hs’in);triad epistemology by experiencing, studying, and thinking;and triad axiology by honesty, charity, and forgiveness. The idea could merge Western and Eastern thoughts into one philosophical system.

Formal Inferring the Law of Conservation of Energy from Assuming A-Priori-ness of Knowledge in a Formal Axiomatic Epistemology System Sigma

The research purpose is invention (construction) of a formal logical inference of the Law of Conservation of Energy within a logically formalized axiomatic epistemology-and-axiology theory Sigma from a precisely defined assumption of a-priori-ness of knowledge. For realizing this aim, the following work has been done: 1) a two-valued algebraic system of formal axiology has been defined precisely and applied to proper-philosophy of physics, namely, to an almost unknown (not-recognized) formal-axiological aspect of the physical law of conservation of energy;2) the formal axiomatic epistemology-and-axiology theory Sigma has been defined precisely and applied to proper-physics for realizing the above-indicated purpose. Thus, a discrete mathematical model of relationship between philosophy of physics and universal epistemology united with formal axiology has been constructed. Results: 1) By accurate computing relevant compositions of evaluation-functions within the discrete mathematical model, it is demonstrated that a formal-axiological analog of the great conservation law of proper physics is a formal-axiological law of two-valued algebra of metaphysics. (A precise algorithmic definition of the unhabitual (not-well-known) notion “formal-axiological law of algebra of metaphysics” is given.) 2) The hitherto never published significantly new nontrivial scientific result of investigation presented in this article is a formal logical inference of the law of conservation of energy within the formal axiomatic theory Sigma from conjunction of the formal-axiological analog of the law of conservation of energy and the assumption of a-priori-ness of knowledge.

Formally Deriving the Third Newton’s Law from a Pair of Nontrivial Assumptions in a Formal Axiomatic Theory “Sigma-V”

The article is devoted to hitherto never undertaken applying an almost unknown logically formalized axiomatic epistemology-and-axiology system called “Sigma-V” to the Third Newton’s Law of mechanics. The author has continued investigating the extraordinary (paradigm-breaking) hypothesis of formal-axiological interpreting Newton’s mathematical principles of natural philosophy and, thus, has arrived to discrete mathematical modeling a system of formal axiology of nature by extracting and systematical studying its proper algebraic aspect. Along with the proper algebraic machinery, the axiomatic (hypothetic-deductive) method is exploited in this investigation systematically. The research results are the followings. 1) The Third Newton’s Law of mechanics has been modeled by a formal-axiological equation of two-valued algebraic system of metaphysics as formal axiology. (Precise defining the algebraic system is provided.) The formal-axiological equation has been established (and examined) in this algebraic system by accurate computing compositions of relevant evaluation-functions. Precise tabular definitions of the evaluation-functions are given. 2) The wonderful formula representing the Third Newton’s Law (in the relevant physical interpretation of the formal theory Sigma-V) has been derived logically in Sigma-V from the presumption of a-priori-ness of knowledge. A precise axiomatic definition of the nontrivial notion “a-priori-ness of knowledge” is given. The formal derivation is implemented in strict accordance with the rigor standard of D. Hilbert’s formalism;hence, checking the formal derivation submitted in this article is not a difficult task. With respect to proper theoretical physics, the formal inference is a nontrivial scientific novelty which has not been discussed and published elsewhere yet.

Methodology of the Relationship between Bioethics, Philosophy, and Law

One can distinguish three levels in the integrative unity of knowledge and norms （assessments）, which is termed bioethics. The first level is theoretical. It is connected with the facts and truths. The second level deals with establishing of certain standards and rules of conduct, with the monitoring of their implementation and the assessment of the results of implementation/violation of norms. The third level is associated with individual behavior, formed on the basis of relevant knowledge （or lack of it, as is evident from the table）, and the rules governing its application. Theoretical Bioethics is an integral part of Philosophy---the practical Bioethics is directly related to Law and applied Bioethics deals with the personal standards of specific behavior in concrete situations. Social need for regulatory control of any activity with living entities has led to rapid development of practical Bioethics, while its philosophical content developed more slowly. This creates a conflict of norms and values, hampering the adoption of individual decisions now in the field of applied Bioethics. Deontologization of Bioethics can lead to the fact that it will lose its philosophical content and become a specific area of Law. This, in turn, leads to the dehumanization of Bioethics. It is therefore necessary to conduct a methodological analysis of the relationship of Philosophy, Bioethics and Law, the results of which will focus the researchers on the synchronization of the axiological, praxeological and ethical components of scientific research in order to preserve the intellectual integrity of Bioethics.

The Category of Recens and Pure-Mindedness in J6zefBafika＇s Axiological Reflection

I systematize thoughts within the scope of J6zef Ba6ka＇s philosophical system known as recentivism. I analyze the axiology of recentivism in two categories： recens （i.e., ＂now＂） and pure-mindedness. Also, I differentiate among pure-mindedness, which is a quality of homo euthyphronicus （i.e., pure-minded man）, simplicity, which is a quality of homo simplex （i.e., simple man）, and complexity, which is a quality of homo technicus （i.e., technical man）. Moreover, I present different meanings of pure-mindedness which form the basis for reflection in the axiology of recentivism, i.e., the ethics of pure-mindedness, euthyphronics, and esthetics. Then, I use these meanings of pure-mindedness to define the attitude of homo euthyphronicus. Homo euthyphronicus is a man who seeks balance between simplicity and complexity in the modem world, which is highly complex and full of civilization-related threats, while stressing the importance of axioiogical values.

A Spirit Philosophy Linking to Buddhism and Theology

Spiritual ontology,Buddhist epistemology,and theological axiology construct a spirit philosophy,where spiritual ontology sets up an ontological foundation,Buddhist epistemology provides a practical method,and theological axiology contributes a living ethics.While spirit philosophy covers spiritual ontology,Buddhist epistemology,and theological axiology,spirit philosophy links to Buddhism and theology and then introduces a popular philosophy toward the good.This is a mellow philosophical system.

Online Content Impact on Young people’s Values Transformation

The investigation that underpins the present article interprets the gaps of the social data continuum.It is designed to select a set of images from the“media noise”of the information society,and then describe those that characterize the visual conceptualization of the ideas.The authors present the results of their 14-year research based on the original research methodology,and carried out in several stages(2006,2012,2017).The study is called“Fictional creatures of the mass media era.Russia,21 century”.In 2017,it is assumed that the overall youth international value agenda,an essential feature of which is the further reduction of the impact of advertising and brand communications,has been formed.Specific data are given in the article.

Charles S. Peirce’s Philosophy of Value

The critical analysis examines the concept of value in C.S.Peirce’s philosophical writings,distinguishing between value as(1)worth,(2)meaning,(3)significance,(4)semiotic value,(5)in the mathematical sense,(6)money value,and(7)value by other names.The focus is on value in the sense of Peirce’s three normative sciences aesthetics,ethics,and logic.The values associated with them are detailed in their phenomenological contexts and with respect to a supreme value,the summum bonum.Peirce’s objections against utilitarian conceptions of value in the philosophy of his century and his conception of scientific research as a value in itself are the author’s final topic.