Because of global climate change, it is necessary to add forest biomass estimation to national forest resource monitoring. The biomass equations developed for forest biomass estimation should be compatible with volume...Because of global climate change, it is necessary to add forest biomass estimation to national forest resource monitoring. The biomass equations developed for forest biomass estimation should be compatible with volume equations. Based on the tree volume and aboveground biomass data of Masson pine （Pinus massoniana Lamb.） in southern China, we constructed one-, two- and three-variable aboveground biomass equations and biomass conversion functions compatible with tree volume equations by using error-in-variable simultaneous equations. The prediction precision of aboveground biomass estimates from one variable equa- tion exceeded 95%. The regressions of aboveground biomass equations were improved slightly when tree height and crown width were used together with diameter on breast height, although the contributions to regressions were statistically insignificant. For the biomass conversion function on one variable, the conversion factor decreased with increasing diameter, but for the conversion function on two variables, the conversion factor increased with increasing diameter but decreased with in- creasing tree height.展开更多
The effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) against various diseases urges more low cost, speed and sensitive analytical methods for investigating the phamacology of TCM and providing a theoretical basis f...The effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) against various diseases urges more low cost, speed and sensitive analytical methods for investigating the phamacology of TCM and providing a theoretical basis for clinical use. The potential of second-order calibration method was validated for the quantification of two effective ingredients of Schisandra chinensis in human plasma using spectrofluorimetry. The results obtained in the present study demonstrate the advantages of this strategy for multi-target determination in complex matrices. Although the spectra of the analytes are similar and a large number of interferences also exist, second-order calibration method could predict the accurate concentrations together with reasonable resolution of spectral profiles for analytes of interest owing to its ‘second-order advantage’. Moreover, the method presented in this work allows one to simply experimental procedure as well as reduces the use of harmful chemical solvents.展开更多
A new bidirectional associative memory model named as HOMIBAM is introduced. The relationships of HOMIBAM with the models existed are pointed out. Both theoretical analysis and simulations show that the capacity and r...A new bidirectional associative memory model named as HOMIBAM is introduced. The relationships of HOMIBAM with the models existed are pointed out. Both theoretical analysis and simulations show that the capacity and recall performance of HOMIBAM are superior to that of modified intraconnected BAM (MIBAM), higher-order BAM (HOBAM ) greatly.展开更多
This paper is concerned with establishing a reduced-order extrapolating fi- nite volume element （FVE） format based on proper orthogonal decomposition （POD） for two-dimensional （2D） hyperbolic equations. For this...This paper is concerned with establishing a reduced-order extrapolating fi- nite volume element （FVE） format based on proper orthogonal decomposition （POD） for two-dimensional （2D） hyperbolic equations. For this purpose, a semi discrete variational format relative time and a fully discrete FVE format for the 2D hyperbolic equations are built, and a set of snapshots from the very few FVE solutions are extracted on the first very short time interval. Then, the POD basis from the snapshots is formulated, and the reduced-order POD extrapolating FVE format containing very few degrees of freedom but holding sufficiently high accuracy is built. Next, the error estimates of the reduced-order solutions and the algorithm procedure for solving the reduced-order for- mat are furnished. Finally, a numerical example is shown to confirm the correctness of theoretical conclusions. This means that the format is efficient and feasible to solve the 2D hyperbolic equations.展开更多
Land use and land cover are essential for maintaining and managing the natural resources on the earth surface. A complex set of economic, demographic, social, cultural, technological, and environmental processes usual...Land use and land cover are essential for maintaining and managing the natural resources on the earth surface. A complex set of economic, demographic, social, cultural, technological, and environmental processes usually result in the change in the land use/land cover change (LULC). Pokhara Metropolitan is influenced mainly by the combination of various driving forces: geographical location, high rate of population growth, economic opportunity, globalization, tourism activities, and political activities. In addition to this, geographically steep slope, rugged terrain, and fragile geomorphic conditions and the frequency of earthquakes, floods, and landslides make the Pokhara Metropolitan region a disaster-prone area. The increment of the population along with infrastructure development of a given territory leads towards the urbanization. It has been rapidly changing due to urbanization, industrialization and internal migration since the 1970s. The landscapes and ground patterns are frequently changing on time and prone to disaster. Here a study has been carried to study on LULC for the last 18 years (2000-2018). The supervised classification on Landsat Imagery was performed and verified the classification through computing the error matrix. Besides, the water bodies and vegetation area were extracted through the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDWI) respectively. This research shows that during the last 18 years the agricultural areas diminishing by 15.66% while urban area is increasing by 13.2%. This research is beneficial for preparing the plan and policy in the sustainable development of Pokhara Metropolitan.展开更多
为了研究响应谱估计误差及其传递对振动响应功率谱密度传递比(Power Spectrum Density Transmissibility,PSDT)估计的影响,基于摄动理论和统计矩定义,推导了两个变量比例函数的均值和方差近似表达式;将响应谱估计统计矩代入,可以推导出...为了研究响应谱估计误差及其传递对振动响应功率谱密度传递比(Power Spectrum Density Transmissibility,PSDT)估计的影响,基于摄动理论和统计矩定义,推导了两个变量比例函数的均值和方差近似表达式;将响应谱估计统计矩代入,可以推导出由响应相干函数、谱估计中信号平均分段数,近似表征的PSDT估计幅值的均值和方差解析公式.基于此,揭示了共振频率处PSDT估计幅值误差规律,并实现了模态振型幅值的精度度量.研究发现,共振频率处PSDT幅值方差存在极小值,且变异系数小于相关响应谱.通过数值框架数据验证了文中误差公式的准确性.此外,还研究了参考响应的选择、响应时长、窗函数类型对PSDT和模态振型估计的影响.结果表明,以PSDT两组响应作为参考响应,能得到较好PSDT和模态分析结果;同时模态振型估计标准差随测试数据时长的增加,也随之降低至一定水平.展开更多
基金the National Biomass Modeling Program for Continuous Forest Inventory(NBMP-CFI) funded by the State Forestry Administration of China
文摘Because of global climate change, it is necessary to add forest biomass estimation to national forest resource monitoring. The biomass equations developed for forest biomass estimation should be compatible with volume equations. Based on the tree volume and aboveground biomass data of Masson pine （Pinus massoniana Lamb.） in southern China, we constructed one-, two- and three-variable aboveground biomass equations and biomass conversion functions compatible with tree volume equations by using error-in-variable simultaneous equations. The prediction precision of aboveground biomass estimates from one variable equa- tion exceeded 95%. The regressions of aboveground biomass equations were improved slightly when tree height and crown width were used together with diameter on breast height, although the contributions to regressions were statistically insignificant. For the biomass conversion function on one variable, the conversion factor decreased with increasing diameter, but for the conversion function on two variables, the conversion factor increased with increasing diameter but decreased with in- creasing tree height.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21175041)the National Basic Research Program (Grant No. 2012CB910602)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT) for financial supports
文摘The effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) against various diseases urges more low cost, speed and sensitive analytical methods for investigating the phamacology of TCM and providing a theoretical basis for clinical use. The potential of second-order calibration method was validated for the quantification of two effective ingredients of Schisandra chinensis in human plasma using spectrofluorimetry. The results obtained in the present study demonstrate the advantages of this strategy for multi-target determination in complex matrices. Although the spectra of the analytes are similar and a large number of interferences also exist, second-order calibration method could predict the accurate concentrations together with reasonable resolution of spectral profiles for analytes of interest owing to its ‘second-order advantage’. Moreover, the method presented in this work allows one to simply experimental procedure as well as reduces the use of harmful chemical solvents.
基金Supported by Climbing Progamme-National Key Project for Fundamental Research in China
文摘A new bidirectional associative memory model named as HOMIBAM is introduced. The relationships of HOMIBAM with the models existed are pointed out. Both theoretical analysis and simulations show that the capacity and recall performance of HOMIBAM are superior to that of modified intraconnected BAM (MIBAM), higher-order BAM (HOBAM ) greatly.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11271127 and11671106)
文摘This paper is concerned with establishing a reduced-order extrapolating fi- nite volume element （FVE） format based on proper orthogonal decomposition （POD） for two-dimensional （2D） hyperbolic equations. For this purpose, a semi discrete variational format relative time and a fully discrete FVE format for the 2D hyperbolic equations are built, and a set of snapshots from the very few FVE solutions are extracted on the first very short time interval. Then, the POD basis from the snapshots is formulated, and the reduced-order POD extrapolating FVE format containing very few degrees of freedom but holding sufficiently high accuracy is built. Next, the error estimates of the reduced-order solutions and the algorithm procedure for solving the reduced-order for- mat are furnished. Finally, a numerical example is shown to confirm the correctness of theoretical conclusions. This means that the format is efficient and feasible to solve the 2D hyperbolic equations.
文摘Land use and land cover are essential for maintaining and managing the natural resources on the earth surface. A complex set of economic, demographic, social, cultural, technological, and environmental processes usually result in the change in the land use/land cover change (LULC). Pokhara Metropolitan is influenced mainly by the combination of various driving forces: geographical location, high rate of population growth, economic opportunity, globalization, tourism activities, and political activities. In addition to this, geographically steep slope, rugged terrain, and fragile geomorphic conditions and the frequency of earthquakes, floods, and landslides make the Pokhara Metropolitan region a disaster-prone area. The increment of the population along with infrastructure development of a given territory leads towards the urbanization. It has been rapidly changing due to urbanization, industrialization and internal migration since the 1970s. The landscapes and ground patterns are frequently changing on time and prone to disaster. Here a study has been carried to study on LULC for the last 18 years (2000-2018). The supervised classification on Landsat Imagery was performed and verified the classification through computing the error matrix. Besides, the water bodies and vegetation area were extracted through the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDWI) respectively. This research shows that during the last 18 years the agricultural areas diminishing by 15.66% while urban area is increasing by 13.2%. This research is beneficial for preparing the plan and policy in the sustainable development of Pokhara Metropolitan.
文摘为了研究响应谱估计误差及其传递对振动响应功率谱密度传递比(Power Spectrum Density Transmissibility,PSDT)估计的影响,基于摄动理论和统计矩定义,推导了两个变量比例函数的均值和方差近似表达式;将响应谱估计统计矩代入,可以推导出由响应相干函数、谱估计中信号平均分段数,近似表征的PSDT估计幅值的均值和方差解析公式.基于此,揭示了共振频率处PSDT估计幅值误差规律,并实现了模态振型幅值的精度度量.研究发现,共振频率处PSDT幅值方差存在极小值,且变异系数小于相关响应谱.通过数值框架数据验证了文中误差公式的准确性.此外,还研究了参考响应的选择、响应时长、窗函数类型对PSDT和模态振型估计的影响.结果表明,以PSDT两组响应作为参考响应,能得到较好PSDT和模态分析结果;同时模态振型估计标准差随测试数据时长的增加,也随之降低至一定水平.
