A Study of the Suitable Measurement Location and Metrics for Assessing the Vibration Source Strength Based on the Field-Testing Data of Nanchang Underground Railway

Underground railway vibration source strength is one of the key values used for environmental impact assessment and the evaluation of mitigation measure’s performance.However,currently there is no international standard of measuring the underground railway vibration source strength for such purposes.The available local standards and industrial guidelines do not agree on measurement locations as well as the metrics for presenting the source strength.This has caused many confusions.This paper aims to study the suitable measurement location and metrics using the data from a large scale field-testing carried out at the Nanchang underground railway(Metro Line 1,China)in 2017.200 passing trains were recorded during the test at two different sections of the railway line,one with the spring floating slab installed and the other without.Three locations were chosen at each section,including one in the middle of the track and two on the tunnel wall at different heights.Based on the results of statistical analysis,the maximum of z-weighted vertical vibration level(VLzmax)obtained at a lower measurement location on the tunnel wall is the best for representing the underground railway vibration source strength,which is 76.66 dB obtained from this study.

Simulation on the deformation controlling of T-joint LBW with auxiliary heat source for high strength aluminum alloy

To avoid the angular deformation of aluminum alloy T-joint weldments, a new method named welding with auxiliary heat source is proposed. The welding simulation is performed with the commercial finite element software Abaqus and FORTRAN programme encoding a special conical heat source with Gaussian volumetric distribution of flux. The influence of the local model on the temperature, residual stress, and welding deformation distributions is investigated. The findings show that angular deformation achieved through numerical computation completely consists with the experimental result which has proved the effectiveness of the finite element methods developed. Various measurements performed on small-scale welded test specimens provide a data base of experimental results that serves as a bench mark for qualification of the simulation result. Finally, the residual stress and strain states in a T-joint are predicted.

Does Change in the Effect of Source Strength of the High Dose Rate ¹⁹²Iridium Radio-Isotope on Local Control and Late Normal Tissue Toxicity (Bladder and Rectum) in the Treatment of Carcinoma Cervix

Aim: To analyse and assess the effect of dose rate of 192ir-source strength on late complications and local control rate during treatment of carcinoma cervix. Materials and Methods: One hundred and two cases of carcinoma cervix were included in the study. All patients were treated with a curative intent with radical dose of radiation as per the department protocol. All patients were treated with both EBRT plus Brachytherapy with Inj. Cisplatin 40 mg/m2 weekly. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on activity i.e. group A (10-6Ci) and group B (5-2Ci). After brachytherapy, point doses were analysed based on ICRU 38 recommendations. During follow up, morbidities were evaluated using RTOG grading system. Results: There was no difference in local control and distant metastasis in both groups after six months of follow up. Late Complications were comparable in both groups irrespective of source strength. Bladder complications were minimal with no significant difference in both study groups. Further Patients were divided into four groups i.e. BED of ICRU rectal point (3 and ≥100 Gy3) and source strength (10-6Ci and 5-2Ci), when BED was >100 Gy3 resulted in higher late rectal complication rate (P 3. Conclusion: This study suggests that change in source activity did not make a difference in local control, late rectal and bladder morbidities at 6 months of follow up. Longer follow up is required to assess long term results and morbidities.

Combined analysis of gravity and magnetic anomalies using normalized source strength

The traditional combined gravity and magnetic analysis uses the linear regression of the first order vertical derivative of the gravity anomaly and the reduction to the pole(RTP) magnetic anomaly,and provides the quantitative or semi-quantitative interpretation by calculating the correlation coefficient,slope,and intercept.In the calculation process,due to the remanent magnetization,the RTP anomaly still contains the effect of oblique magnetization,as a result,the homologous gravity and magnetic anomalies may display irrelevant results in the linear regression calculation.To solve this problem,we present a new combined analysis using normalized source strength(NSS).Based on the Poisson's relation,the gravity field can be transformed into the pseudomagnetic field of the direction of geomagnetic field magnetization under the homologous condition.The NSS of the pseudomagnetic field and that of the original magnetic field are calculated,which are insensitive to the remanence,and then the linear regression analysis is carried out.The approach is tested using synthetic model under complex magnetization,the results show that it can still identify the gravity and magnetic anomalies from same source under strong remanence,and can establish the Poisson's ratio.Finally,this approach is applied in Wudalianchi in China.The results demonstrated that this approach is feasible and can provide the reference for further data processing and interpretation.

Passive Localization of Multiple Sources Using Joint RSS and AOA Measurements in Spectrum Sharing System

In spectrum sharing systems,locating mul-tiple radiation sources can efficiently find out the in-truders,which protects the shared spectrum from ma-licious jamming or other unauthorized usage.Com-pared to single-source localization,simultaneously lo-cating multiple sources is more challenging in prac-tice since the association between measurement pa-rameters and source nodes are not known.More-over,the number of possible measurements-source as-sociations increases exponentially with the number of sensor nodes.It is crucial to discriminate which measurements correspond to the same source before localization.In this work,we propose a central-ized localization scheme to estimate the positions of multiple sources.Firstly,we develop two computa-tionally light methods to handle the unknown RSS-AOA measurements-source association problem.One method utilizes linear coordinate conversion to com-pute the minimum spatial Euclidean distance sum-mation of measurements.Another method exploits the long-short-term memory(LSTM)network to clas-sify the measurement sequences.Then,we propose a weighted least squares(WLS)approach to obtain the closed-form estimation of the positions by linearizing the non-convex localization problem.Numerical re-sults demonstrate that the proposed scheme could gain sufficient localization accuracy under adversarial sce-narios where the sources are in close proximity and the measurement noise is strong.

Sub-Criticality Measurement with Source Term for Research Reactor in Inverse Kinetics Method

In reactor physics tests, it is important to monitor sub-criticality continuously during criticality approach. Reactivity measurements by the inverse kinetics method are widely used during the operation of a nuclear reactor. This technique is successfully applied at sufficiently high power level or to a core without an external neutron source where the neutron source term in point reactor kinetics equations may be neglected. For operation at low power levels or in the sub-critical domain, the increase in the fluctuation of the neutron signal may cause difficulties in the evaluation of reactivity and the effect of direct emission from the external neutron source may not be neglected. Therefore, contribution of the neutron source must be taken into account and this implies knowledge of a quantity proportional to the source strength, which calls the source term and then it should be determined. The research work has been conducted to measure reactivity with source term using a dedicated reactivity measurement system by the Least Square Inverse Kinetics Method (LSIKM). Application to a simulator of HANARO research reactor, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), with known source strength and reactivity worth has showed consistent and satisfactory agreement.

On New Solutions of Classical Yang-Mills Equations with Cylindrical Sources

Strong fields generated by big electric currents are examined within the framework of the Yang-Mills nonlinear generalization of the Maxwell electrodynamics proposed in our earlier papers. First we consider the case of stationary currents and find a new exact solution to the Yang-Mills equations. Then we study a Yang-Mills field inside a thin circular cylinder with nonstationary plasma and find expressions for field strengths in it. Obtained results are applied to interpret several puzzling natural phenomena.

Another Source of Atmospheric Methane

The atmospheric concentration of methane is steadily increasing. Lacking of precise estimates of source and sink strengths for the atmospheric methane severely limits the current understanding of the global methane cycle. A good budget of atmospheric methane can enhance our understanding of the global carbon cycle and global climate change. The known estimates of the main source and sink strengths are presented in this paper. In terms of carbon isotopic studies, it is evidenced that the earth’s primodial methane, which was trapped in the earth during its formation, may be another source of methane. With extensive earth’s degassing, which is calleld the "breathing" process of the earth and played an important role in the formation of the primitive atmosphere, large amounts of methane were carried from the deep interior to the surface and then found its way into the atmosphere.

紧凑型各向异性D-D中子源源强测量实验研究

采用Bonner多球谱仪、3He正比计数器和238 U裂变电离室3种不同探测方法,分别同时从束流方向0°,90°,180°3个角度对紧凑型各向异性D-D中子源进行源强测量,通过蒙特卡罗方法修正实验室对测量结果的影响,得到3组源强测量结果。结果表明:3种探测方法的测量结果分别为8.88×10^(9),8.13×10^(9),8.82×10^(9)s^(-1)。3组中子源强测量结果的相对偏差在10%以内,与理论值偏差较小。与其他两种方法相比,采用238 U裂变电离室探测器的源强测量结果总相对偏差最小,证明了采用不同探测方法从多个角度同时测量各向异性中子源源强的可行性。研究可为相似实验条件下同类型中子源的特征参数测量提供研究思路。

基于等效电流源的级联混合直流馈入系统强度影响分析

级联型混合直流系统受端的模块化多电平换流器高压直流系统(modular multilevel converter high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC)和电网换相换流器高压直流系统(line commutated converter high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)会因馈入点电气距离较近而存在强相互作用关系。为明确级联型混合直流馈入系统中MMC-HVDC对LCC-HVDC系统强度的影响,提出考虑幅值和相位的MMC等效电流源的简化等效方法,基于所提MMC等效原理将级联型混合直流馈入系统等效成单馈入LCC-HVDC系统,分析等效单馈入系统的参数计算方法,并提出等效单馈入短路比评估指标。最后通过该指标分析归纳了不同控制方式、不同电气距离下等效单馈入系统的系统强度变化情况,即为MMC-HVDC对LCC-HVDC系统强度的影响规律。机理分析和基于PSCDAD/EMTDC、MATLAB的仿真结果表明,所提等效方法具有有效性且所提指标能很好地反应MMC-HVDC对LCC-HVDC系统强度的影响。

基于归一化磁源强度的磁目标实时定位方法

标量三角剖分与测距(STAR)方法利用磁梯度收缩特性实现运动状态下对单个磁偶极子目标的实时定位,且对运动平台的姿态不敏感。然而,磁梯度收缩量(C_(T))引入的非球面误差会限制其定位精度。针对该问题,提出了一种新的磁偶极子目标线性定位方法,利用归一化磁源强度(NSS)代替C_(T),消除了非球面误差的影响。为了分析该方法对不同方位磁目标的定位性能,建立了全向仿真分析模型。仿真结果表明,该方法的实时性与STAR方法相当,在标准差为10 nT的高斯白噪声影响下与STAR方法的最大定位误差分别为0.18 m与1.5 m。现场实验结果表明,当探测距离为1.284 m时,该方法在纬线轨迹上的平均定位误差仅为0.094 m,比传统STAR方法低56.7%;在经线轨迹上的平均定位误差为0.097 m,比传统STAR方法低30.7%。

快速地下线振动源强特性实测分析

【目的】既有振动源强预测公式只适用于普速地铁,无法适用于最高时速160km快速地下线振动源强特性。【方法】对某沿海城市市域快线进行多个断面的振动特性进行了现场实测,通过数据分析研究了车速、隧道埋深、曲线等因素对振动源强的影响。【结果】直(曲)线区段车速90~160km/h,振动源强71~80dB,随着车速的增大振动源强也增大,速度每增加20km/h振动源强增加3.72dB;振动源强随着隧道埋深的增加而减小,隧道埋深每增加10m,振动源强会减小4.9dB;相同情况下,曲线区段(曲线半径1850m)的振动源强大于直线区段的振动源强,值为约7dB。列车投入运营1a后,由于轮轨状态的恶化,振动源强出现增大,且不同列车之间的差异较大,选取某一断面七个月份的监测数据分析得到,运营期稳定后振动源强较为稳定。【结论】快速地下线的振动源强受众多因素影响:与列车速度呈线性正相关、隧道埋深呈线性负相关、曲线处的振动源强大于直线处的、轮轨恶化也会使振动源强增大。

钙源对微生物矿化胶结砂土材料均匀性的影响

微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积(MICP)技术可以改善砂土材料的力学性质,但MICP胶结砂土材料的均匀性问题是目前存在的重要问题,且严重影响了MICP技术的工程应用。进行小尺寸(直径3 cm、高度11 cm)和细长(直径5 cm、高度100 cm)砂柱试样的MICP一批次灌浆试验和溶液环境试验,探究氯化钙和乙酸钙两种钙源对MICP矿化反应过程和MICP胶结砂土材料均匀性的影响。MICP胶结砂土试样的碳酸钙含量和单轴抗压强度试验结果表明,与氯化钙作为钙源相比,乙酸钙作为钙源可以增加砂柱胶结长度,改善碳酸钙在灌浆方向的均匀性,减少MICP胶结砂土材料沿灌浆路径的强度差异;乙酸钙作为钙源可减缓MICP矿化反应过程,降低营养液中尿素的分解速率,进而提高营养液中未分解尿素和游离钙离子在MICP胶结砂土材料中的传输距离,有利于提高MICP胶结砂土材料的均匀性。

地铁隧道振动源强受车辆状态影响因素实测分析

为分析地铁隧道振动源强的影响因素,以某地铁线路直线段为研究对象,同步采集车致振动信号和速度信号,统计分析全天测试样本的时域、频域特征。结果表明:早晚高峰时段,隧道内振动响应不一定完全最大,振动源强的离散程度与车辆状态直接相关,V_(1)、V_(2)两车所引起的隧道壁测点Z振级的均值相差6.7 dB;取40组以上的测试样本计算振动源强,其结果更接近全天样本均值;由轮轨系统引起的隧道振动主频随车速的变化而偏移,车速与道床、隧道壁的振动加速度级呈现较强的线性正相关,车速每提高10 km/h,振动分别增加约1.7、2.6 dB;速度差在10 km/h以内时,振动源强在1 dB以内变化,速度差在10~20 km/h时,振动增幅为1.5~2.2 dB;计算得到车速修正CV的系数为18.5,与环评振动预测公式中列车速度修正所使用系数接近;隧道壁振动在40 Hz以下的低频段离散较大,但该频段对振动源强的贡献度较小,占15.29%,优势频段为50~63 Hz,该频段对振动源强的贡献度达59.55%。研究成果可为环评振动预测公式的进一步精确化提供参考,为提高地铁隧道源强测试结果的准确性提供理论依据。

徐州市近十年区域声环境质量变化趋势分析及防治策略

为综合评价徐州市区域声环境质量状况,进一步探讨徐州市区域声环境存在的问题,基于徐州市2013年~2022年区域声环境监测数据,综合分析了徐州市区域声环境质量现状及变化趋势。结果表明,近十年徐州市区域声环境质量处于53.5~56.7 dB(A)之间,总体保持稳定且有向好趋势;从声源构成来看,社会生活噪声在历年城市区域环境噪声的构成占比巨大并且逐年上升,社会生活噪声来源广泛不易控制;交通噪声在历年非安静区所覆盖面积呈现逐步上升的趋势,要使区域声环境质量得到有效的改善,交通噪声源的控制显得尤为重要。

免疫粒子群算法在修正高斯模型下的源强反演

为提高危险气体泄漏溯源定位的科学性和实效性,确定危险气体泄漏位置和强度是事故应急响应的关键。首先,根据质量守恒定律,分析、改进近似高斯分布的气体羽流扩散幅度,修正高斯烟羽模型;然后,基于免疫浓度筛选机制作为主策略的免疫算法(IA),通过与粒子群算法(PSO)耦合,将混合免疫粒子群(PSO-IA)算法应用到源强反演中;最后,验证PSO-IA算法溯源定位效果。结果表明:与模式搜索法(PS)、遗传算法(GA)、PSO相比,修正高斯烟羽模型预测值误差均下降2%左右;混合PSO-IA算法相较PSO算法反演源强效果有明显提升,其算法定位误差为1.3 m,求解源强误差为0.8%,单次计算时间小于1 s,能实现快速、准确定位并估算源强度。

基于InVEST模型的河南省农田氮素面源污染时空模拟

【目的】进行农田氮素面源污染模拟,分析其时空分布特征及影响因素,实现高效治理面源污染和农业生态保护。【方法】综合农业分区、地形、种植模式、熟制、土地覆被等因素,划分河南省土地利用类型单元,基于InVEST模型对2000、2010和2020年河南省农田氮素面源污染状况进行时空模拟,并对输出负荷和影响因素进行分析。【结果】河南省大部分地市的氮素输出负荷总量及氮素排放强度与总体变化趋势相同,都呈现“先增后减”的趋势。各地市间差异明显,高氮素排放强度地区为南阳、信阳和驻马店市。氮素输出强度与地均施氮肥量、数字地理高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)、降雨量、农田比例和坡度5个因素间均存在显著相关关系。偏相关分析表明,氮素输出强度与地均施氮肥量和降雨量密切相关。氮素排放强度分级结果表明,南阳、信阳和驻马店市存在一定范围的中高强度的排放区。【结论】揭示了河南省农田面源污染高排放强度区及其重要影响因素,从而促进相关氮素面源污染防控和精确治理。

高原双源动力集中动车组内燃车牵引变流器关键技术分析与验证

针对高原型内燃机车运行海拔高、散热工况复杂和轻量化要求高的特点,文章介绍了一种复兴号高原双源动力集中动车组内燃车牵引变流器的主电路结构、工作原理及其设计方法。对于运行海拔高的特点,使用海拔修正的方法对柜内电气绝缘性能进行加强;对于散热工况复杂的特点,选择合理的冷却方案,并对整柜的损耗和散热能力进行精细化热设计,确保其散热能力;对于轻量化要求高的特点,使用模块化布局和有限元结构仿真的方法,在保证结构强度的同时实现轻量化设计。试验表明,牵引变流器能满足各项性能指标要求。

Extension of Paraconsistent Many-Valued Similarity Method to Group Decision

The Paraconsistent Many-Valued Similarity (PMVS) method for multi-attribute decision making will be incomplete as a decision model if it is not extended to the realm of group decision-making. Therefore, in this article, our primary objective is to show how the paraconsistent many-valued similarity method can be used to solve group decision-making problems involving choice making or ranking of a finite set of decision alternatives. Moreover, since weights are very important parameters in multi-attribute decision-making, we have introduced the Borda rule to calculate the weights of experts and that of every criterion under consideration. To demonstrate how the proposed method works, a numerical example on energy sources of an economy from the points of view of a group of experts is investigated. Further, we compare the results of this new approach with that of fuzzy TOPSIS group decision-making method to illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of the former.

中子符合计数研究中^(252)Cf源强的影响分析

具有中子多重性的^(252)Cf源是中子符合计数实验测量和装置标定的首选。本文利用数值模拟手段研究^(252)Cf源强对中子符合计数的影响。根据中子符合计数实验的数据处理方法,通过生成带自发裂变事件标签的中子脉冲序列,按照移位寄存器的数据处理逻辑对中子脉冲序列进行处理,给出中子符合测量模拟结果。基于对不同源强下前景(R+A)和背景(A)的中子多重性分布的模拟结果,定量分析源强对真符合计数在前景测量结果中占比的影响。结果表明,在^(252)Cf源强为每秒几百或几千个中子时,真符合计数在R+A的中子符合计数中占绝对或明显优势(超过50%),推荐作为实验的中子源;源强为每秒几万个中子时,真符合计数在R+A的中子符合计数中占比约10%;源强达到每秒几十万个中子时,真符合计数淹没在偶然符合计数中(占比约1%),不建议用作实验的中子源。本文的研究可以为实验的源强选择、实验数据的有效性检查提供一个参考。