Macrosegregations and microstructures of Al-7%Si alloy solidified under complex of fects of magnetic field and centrifugal forces are studied by means of a set of selfdesigned electromagnetic centrifugal casting (EMC...Macrosegregations and microstructures of Al-7%Si alloy solidified under complex of fects of magnetic field and centrifugal forces are studied by means of a set of selfdesigned electromagnetic centrifugal casting (EMCC) device. It is shown that electromagnetic field (EMF) has an important effect on the macrosegregation of centrifugal casting specimen of Al-7%Si alloy in two respects: one is that there exists always a kind of convection in the liquid in front of the S/L interface caused by effect ofthe electromagnetic force; the other is that different atomic clusters of solidparticles with different physical characteristics are subjected to quite different electromagnetic (Lorentz) force. Therefore, their movements get changed. In addition, the formation process of a complex band structure consisting of primary α-Al dendrites and (α-Al+β-Si) eutectics in hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys during EMCC and the effect of EMF are discussed.展开更多
提出一种改进型反电动势谐波自适应补偿的PMSG无位置传感器控制方法,该方法在滑模观测器SMO(sliding model observer)的基础上引入自适应广义二阶积分器SOGI(second order generalized integrator),减小了反电动势观测中谐波对转子位置...提出一种改进型反电动势谐波自适应补偿的PMSG无位置传感器控制方法,该方法在滑模观测器SMO(sliding model observer)的基础上引入自适应广义二阶积分器SOGI(second order generalized integrator),减小了反电动势观测中谐波对转子位置的影响,提高了转子位置估计的准确性。由于电机参数的变化和变换器的非线性,在无位置传感器控制算法中含有大量的5、7、11次等低次谐波。使用自适应SOGI取代低通滤波器,对基频信号进行提取,一方面减小了低频谐波含量,从而减小了由低频谐波引起的转子位置估计偏差,同时消除了由滤波延时引起的相位偏差;另一方面提高了系统的跟踪性能,使得相位误差收敛于0。最后,通过仿真和实验验证了所提方法的正确性和可行性。展开更多
The emf expression can be derived with the PM volume-integration method,allowing easier optimization and prediction of the emf harmonic content.An analytical expression is developed for predicting the electromotive fo...The emf expression can be derived with the PM volume-integration method,allowing easier optimization and prediction of the emf harmonic content.An analytical expression is developed for predicting the electromotive force(emf)waveforms and flux linkage resulting from the motion of permanent magnets(PM)in the case of two cylinders,where the outer cylinder carries a surface-mounted winding and the inner cylinder carries the PMs.The expressions are based on the PM Volume-Integration Method,which uses a volume integral calculated over the magnet volume,rather than the usual surface integral over the coil surface.The specific case of surface-mounted arc PM with radial magnetization is analyzed.An outer cylinder with infinitely thin winding distribution on its inner surface is considered.The chording factor,slot factor and spread factor are included in the analytical expression.The emf waveform and related harmonics are predicted analytically and validated by comparing with a finite element analysis and with experiment.展开更多
作为大规模储能系统的重要组成,混合型超级电容器的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)估计是能量管理系统必不可少的部分。该文提出一种基于动态容值修正的超级电容器SOC预估方法。首先,利用参数辨识方法求解超级电容器实时电动势,定义不...作为大规模储能系统的重要组成,混合型超级电容器的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)估计是能量管理系统必不可少的部分。该文提出一种基于动态容值修正的超级电容器SOC预估方法。首先,利用参数辨识方法求解超级电容器实时电动势,定义不同初始电压放电至相同终止电压的容值为动态容值。其次,设计不同温度、不同电流倍率的实验得到超级电容器不同工况下特性。再次,建立基于动态容值修正的全工况预测模型,修正电动势归一化和电荷再分配现象导致的SOC估计的误差。最后,通过多个温度下的随机变电流放电实验数据,将基于动态容值修正的SOC估计值和电流Ah积分法得到的SOC参考值进行对比,证明该SOC估计方法的准确性。展开更多
针对无位置传感器无刷直流电机(brushless DC motor,BLDCM)启动问题,提出了一种转子初始位置精准预定位与加速过程中优化定位相结合的闭环三段式启动策略。在电机绕组中施加短时间脉冲电压矢量,通过检测直流母线电流可以将转子位置锁定...针对无位置传感器无刷直流电机(brushless DC motor,BLDCM)启动问题,提出了一种转子初始位置精准预定位与加速过程中优化定位相结合的闭环三段式启动策略。在电机绕组中施加短时间脉冲电压矢量,通过检测直流母线电流可以将转子位置锁定在60°电度角范围内,在此基础上通过向指定绕组通电与检测电流比较阈值完成转子精准预定位。预定位后进入优化定位与加速阶段,此时电流比较阈值作为换相条件,保证转子在加速过程中准确换相,当转速达到一定值时系统切换到反电势运行状态(back electro-motive-force,EMF)。实验结果表明,提出的三段式闭环启动方法无需传感器、成本低、可靠性高,能保证系统在整个启动过程中均处于闭环工作状态,不会出现失步或启动失败现象。展开更多
文摘Macrosegregations and microstructures of Al-7%Si alloy solidified under complex of fects of magnetic field and centrifugal forces are studied by means of a set of selfdesigned electromagnetic centrifugal casting (EMCC) device. It is shown that electromagnetic field (EMF) has an important effect on the macrosegregation of centrifugal casting specimen of Al-7%Si alloy in two respects: one is that there exists always a kind of convection in the liquid in front of the S/L interface caused by effect ofthe electromagnetic force; the other is that different atomic clusters of solidparticles with different physical characteristics are subjected to quite different electromagnetic (Lorentz) force. Therefore, their movements get changed. In addition, the formation process of a complex band structure consisting of primary α-Al dendrites and (α-Al+β-Si) eutectics in hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys during EMCC and the effect of EMF are discussed.
文摘提出一种改进型反电动势谐波自适应补偿的PMSG无位置传感器控制方法,该方法在滑模观测器SMO(sliding model observer)的基础上引入自适应广义二阶积分器SOGI(second order generalized integrator),减小了反电动势观测中谐波对转子位置的影响,提高了转子位置估计的准确性。由于电机参数的变化和变换器的非线性,在无位置传感器控制算法中含有大量的5、7、11次等低次谐波。使用自适应SOGI取代低通滤波器,对基频信号进行提取,一方面减小了低频谐波含量,从而减小了由低频谐波引起的转子位置估计偏差,同时消除了由滤波延时引起的相位偏差;另一方面提高了系统的跟踪性能,使得相位误差收敛于0。最后,通过仿真和实验验证了所提方法的正确性和可行性。
文摘The emf expression can be derived with the PM volume-integration method,allowing easier optimization and prediction of the emf harmonic content.An analytical expression is developed for predicting the electromotive force(emf)waveforms and flux linkage resulting from the motion of permanent magnets(PM)in the case of two cylinders,where the outer cylinder carries a surface-mounted winding and the inner cylinder carries the PMs.The expressions are based on the PM Volume-Integration Method,which uses a volume integral calculated over the magnet volume,rather than the usual surface integral over the coil surface.The specific case of surface-mounted arc PM with radial magnetization is analyzed.An outer cylinder with infinitely thin winding distribution on its inner surface is considered.The chording factor,slot factor and spread factor are included in the analytical expression.The emf waveform and related harmonics are predicted analytically and validated by comparing with a finite element analysis and with experiment.
文摘作为大规模储能系统的重要组成,混合型超级电容器的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)估计是能量管理系统必不可少的部分。该文提出一种基于动态容值修正的超级电容器SOC预估方法。首先,利用参数辨识方法求解超级电容器实时电动势,定义不同初始电压放电至相同终止电压的容值为动态容值。其次,设计不同温度、不同电流倍率的实验得到超级电容器不同工况下特性。再次,建立基于动态容值修正的全工况预测模型,修正电动势归一化和电荷再分配现象导致的SOC估计的误差。最后,通过多个温度下的随机变电流放电实验数据,将基于动态容值修正的SOC估计值和电流Ah积分法得到的SOC参考值进行对比,证明该SOC估计方法的准确性。
文摘针对无位置传感器无刷直流电机(brushless DC motor,BLDCM)启动问题,提出了一种转子初始位置精准预定位与加速过程中优化定位相结合的闭环三段式启动策略。在电机绕组中施加短时间脉冲电压矢量,通过检测直流母线电流可以将转子位置锁定在60°电度角范围内,在此基础上通过向指定绕组通电与检测电流比较阈值完成转子精准预定位。预定位后进入优化定位与加速阶段,此时电流比较阈值作为换相条件,保证转子在加速过程中准确换相,当转速达到一定值时系统切换到反电势运行状态(back electro-motive-force,EMF)。实验结果表明,提出的三段式闭环启动方法无需传感器、成本低、可靠性高,能保证系统在整个启动过程中均处于闭环工作状态,不会出现失步或启动失败现象。
