During the discharging of Tokamak devices, interactions between the core plasma and plasma-facing components (PFCs) may cause exorbitant heat deposition in the latter. This poses a grave threat to the lifetimes of PFC...During the discharging of Tokamak devices, interactions between the core plasma and plasma-facing components (PFCs) may cause exorbitant heat deposition in the latter. This poses a grave threat to the lifetimes of PFCs materials. An infrared (IR) diagnostic system consisting of an IR camera and an endoscope was installed on an Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) to monitor the surface temperature of the lower divertor target plate (LDTP) and to calculate the corresponding heat flux based on its surface temperature and physical structure, via the finite element method. First, the temperature obtained by the IR camera was calibrated against the temperature measured by the built-in thermocouple of EAST under baking conditions to determine the true temperature of the LDTP. Next, based on the finite element method, a target plate model was built and a discretization of the modeling domain was carried out. Then, a heat conduction equation and boundary conditions were determined. Finally, the heat flux was calculated. The new numerical tool provided results similar to those for DFLUX;this is important for future work on related physical processes and heat flux control.展开更多
Three different kinds of PELE(the penetrator with lateral efficiency) were launched by ballistic artillery to impact the multi-layer spaced metal target plates.The lmpact velocities of the projectiles were measured by...Three different kinds of PELE(the penetrator with lateral efficiency) were launched by ballistic artillery to impact the multi-layer spaced metal target plates.The lmpact velocities of the projectiles were measured by the velocity measuring system.The damage degree and process of each laye r of target plate impacted by the three kinds of projectiles were analyzed.The experimental results show that all the three kinds of projectiles have the effect of expanding holes on the multi-layer spaced metal target plates.For the normal structure PELE(without layered) with tungsten alloy jacket and the radial layered PELE with tungsten alloy jacket,the diameters of holes on the seco nd layer of plates are 3.36 times and 3.76 times of the diameter of the projectile,re spectively.For radial layered PELE with W/Zr-based amorphous composite jacket,due to the large number of tungsten wires dispersed after the impact,the diameter of the holes on the four-layer spaced plates can reach 2.4 times,3.04 times,5.36 times and 2.68 times of the diameter of the projectile.Besides,the normal structure PELE with tungsten alloy jacket and the radial layered PELE whit tungsten alloy jacket formed a large number of fragments impact marks on the third target plate.Although the number of fragments penetrating the third target plate is not as large as that of the normal structure PELE,the area of dispersion of fragments impact craters on the third target plate is larger by the radial layered PELE.The radial layered PELE with W/Zr-based amorphous composite jacket released a lot of heat energy due to the impact of the matrix material,and formed a large area of ablation marks on the last three target plates.展开更多
In the initial phase of the physics experiment, the double-null divertor plates usedconsist of graphite armor tiles, Mo-alloy intermediate layers and Cu-alloy coolant tubes. In thelater operating phase, tungsten will ...In the initial phase of the physics experiment, the double-null divertor plates usedconsist of graphite armor tiles, Mo-alloy intermediate layers and Cu-alloy coolant tubes. In thelater operating phase, tungsten will be used as armor tiles.A multi-physical field numerical analysis method is used in this paper. Its analysis modelreflects more realistically the real divertor structure than other models. Two-dimensional (2D)and three-dimensional (3D) fluid flow field, temperature distribution and thermal stress analysesof the divertor plates are carried out by the ANSYS code. During the physics experimental phasewith a heat flux of 1 MW/m2, a coolant velocity of 5.48 m/s, and a thermal stress of 750 kg/cm2,the graphite armor tiles successfully meet the requirements of temperature, thermal stress andsputtering erosion. The tungsten armor will be considered as a second candidate. The result ofsimulation can be used for upgrading the design parameters of the HL-2A poloidal divertor.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of the loss of the ASP flooding near the injection wells, this paper gives a new idea to enhance oil recovery called "Technique of Targeted Delivery", which combines the radial horizont...Aiming at the problem of the loss of the ASP flooding near the injection wells, this paper gives a new idea to enhance oil recovery called "Technique of Targeted Delivery", which combines the radial horizontal well with ultra-short radius drilled by high pressure water jet with the ASP flooding, the horizontal wells work as the "Target channel" transport the ternary composite system to the remaining oil enrichment area directly, to avoid the loss of the ternary composite system near the injection wells. The plate homogeneous experiment and numerical simulation show that the technique can significantly improve the sweep efficiency and the effect of the oil displacement, and greatly improve the oil recovery rate. The optimal flooding parameters of the target transport technique are: the right angle target, the length of the channel is about 15% of the well distance and the injection volume of the ternary composite system is 0.4 PV. Under such conditions, this technique can enhance recovery by 48.87% and 22.04% respectively, compared with the water flooding and conventional ASP flooding. The target transport technique solves the problem of high loss of chemical agent in near-wellbore area during the ASP flooding, and compensates for the high cost of ASP flooding and the limitation of application, and has a broad application prospect.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51505120 and 11105028)the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China(No.2015GB102004)
文摘During the discharging of Tokamak devices, interactions between the core plasma and plasma-facing components (PFCs) may cause exorbitant heat deposition in the latter. This poses a grave threat to the lifetimes of PFCs materials. An infrared (IR) diagnostic system consisting of an IR camera and an endoscope was installed on an Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) to monitor the surface temperature of the lower divertor target plate (LDTP) and to calculate the corresponding heat flux based on its surface temperature and physical structure, via the finite element method. First, the temperature obtained by the IR camera was calibrated against the temperature measured by the built-in thermocouple of EAST under baking conditions to determine the true temperature of the LDTP. Next, based on the finite element method, a target plate model was built and a discretization of the modeling domain was carried out. Then, a heat conduction equation and boundary conditions were determined. Finally, the heat flux was calculated. The new numerical tool provided results similar to those for DFLUX;this is important for future work on related physical processes and heat flux control.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11802141)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX18_0465)。
文摘Three different kinds of PELE(the penetrator with lateral efficiency) were launched by ballistic artillery to impact the multi-layer spaced metal target plates.The lmpact velocities of the projectiles were measured by the velocity measuring system.The damage degree and process of each laye r of target plate impacted by the three kinds of projectiles were analyzed.The experimental results show that all the three kinds of projectiles have the effect of expanding holes on the multi-layer spaced metal target plates.For the normal structure PELE(without layered) with tungsten alloy jacket and the radial layered PELE with tungsten alloy jacket,the diameters of holes on the seco nd layer of plates are 3.36 times and 3.76 times of the diameter of the projectile,re spectively.For radial layered PELE with W/Zr-based amorphous composite jacket,due to the large number of tungsten wires dispersed after the impact,the diameter of the holes on the four-layer spaced plates can reach 2.4 times,3.04 times,5.36 times and 2.68 times of the diameter of the projectile.Besides,the normal structure PELE with tungsten alloy jacket and the radial layered PELE whit tungsten alloy jacket formed a large number of fragments impact marks on the third target plate.Although the number of fragments penetrating the third target plate is not as large as that of the normal structure PELE,the area of dispersion of fragments impact craters on the third target plate is larger by the radial layered PELE.The radial layered PELE with W/Zr-based amorphous composite jacket released a lot of heat energy due to the impact of the matrix material,and formed a large area of ablation marks on the last three target plates.
文摘In the initial phase of the physics experiment, the double-null divertor plates usedconsist of graphite armor tiles, Mo-alloy intermediate layers and Cu-alloy coolant tubes. In thelater operating phase, tungsten will be used as armor tiles.A multi-physical field numerical analysis method is used in this paper. Its analysis modelreflects more realistically the real divertor structure than other models. Two-dimensional (2D)and three-dimensional (3D) fluid flow field, temperature distribution and thermal stress analysesof the divertor plates are carried out by the ANSYS code. During the physics experimental phasewith a heat flux of 1 MW/m2, a coolant velocity of 5.48 m/s, and a thermal stress of 750 kg/cm2,the graphite armor tiles successfully meet the requirements of temperature, thermal stress andsputtering erosion. The tungsten armor will be considered as a second candidate. The result ofsimulation can be used for upgrading the design parameters of the HL-2A poloidal divertor.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51174216)China National Science and Technology Major Project(2011ZX05009-004)
文摘Aiming at the problem of the loss of the ASP flooding near the injection wells, this paper gives a new idea to enhance oil recovery called "Technique of Targeted Delivery", which combines the radial horizontal well with ultra-short radius drilled by high pressure water jet with the ASP flooding, the horizontal wells work as the "Target channel" transport the ternary composite system to the remaining oil enrichment area directly, to avoid the loss of the ternary composite system near the injection wells. The plate homogeneous experiment and numerical simulation show that the technique can significantly improve the sweep efficiency and the effect of the oil displacement, and greatly improve the oil recovery rate. The optimal flooding parameters of the target transport technique are: the right angle target, the length of the channel is about 15% of the well distance and the injection volume of the ternary composite system is 0.4 PV. Under such conditions, this technique can enhance recovery by 48.87% and 22.04% respectively, compared with the water flooding and conventional ASP flooding. The target transport technique solves the problem of high loss of chemical agent in near-wellbore area during the ASP flooding, and compensates for the high cost of ASP flooding and the limitation of application, and has a broad application prospect.
