Using biological templates to build one-dimensional functional materials holds great promise in developing nanosized electrical devices,sensors,catalysts,and energy storage units.In this communication,we report a vers...Using biological templates to build one-dimensional functional materials holds great promise in developing nanosized electrical devices,sensors,catalysts,and energy storage units.In this communication,we report a versatile assembly process for the preparation of water-soluble conductive polyaniline(PANi)/M13 composite nanowires by employing the bacteriophage M13 as a template.The surface lysine residues of M13 can be derivatized with carboxylic groups to improve its binding ability to the aniline;the resulting modifi ed M13 is denoted as m-M13.Highly negatively-charged poly(sulfonated styrene)was used both as a dopant acid and a stabilizing agent to enhance the stability of the composite fi bers in aqueous solution.A transparent solution of the conductive PANi/m-M13 composite fi bers can be readily obtained without any further purifi cation step.The fi bers can be easily fabricated into thin conductive fi lms due to their high aspect ratio and good solubility in aqueous solution.This synthesis discloses a unique and versatile way of using bionanorods to produce composite fi brillar materials with narrow dispersity,high aspect ratio,and high processibility,which may have many potential applications in electronics,optics,sensing,and biomedical engineering.展开更多
Quantitative analysis is essential for virus research,especially in determining the virus titer.The classical method plaque assay is time-consuming,complex,and difficult for the phages that cannot form apparent plaque...Quantitative analysis is essential for virus research,especially in determining the virus titer.The classical method plaque assay is time-consuming,complex,and difficult for the phages that cannot form apparent plaque on the solid medium.In order to realize rapid and effective detection,a new method combining atomic force microscopy(AFM)observation and mathematical calculation is established.In this research,M13 phages with an appropriate dilution ratio were observed and counted by AFM.Based on the counting results,the titer of M13 phages can be calculated simply through mathematical substitution.Instead of cultivating overnight in plaque assay,this new method can be implemented within a few hours.Moreover,it is a method that can achieve visualization for titer determination and have the potential to determine the phages that fail to form apparent plaque,which is significant in virus quantitative assessment.展开更多
基金We are grateful for financial support from NSF-DMR-0706431,NSF career award,US DoD,and the W.M.Keck Foundation.This manuscript has been approved by the U.S.Army Natick Soldier Research,Development and Engineering Center for unlimited distribution(PAO#08-107).
文摘Using biological templates to build one-dimensional functional materials holds great promise in developing nanosized electrical devices,sensors,catalysts,and energy storage units.In this communication,we report a versatile assembly process for the preparation of water-soluble conductive polyaniline(PANi)/M13 composite nanowires by employing the bacteriophage M13 as a template.The surface lysine residues of M13 can be derivatized with carboxylic groups to improve its binding ability to the aniline;the resulting modifi ed M13 is denoted as m-M13.Highly negatively-charged poly(sulfonated styrene)was used both as a dopant acid and a stabilizing agent to enhance the stability of the composite fi bers in aqueous solution.A transparent solution of the conductive PANi/m-M13 composite fi bers can be readily obtained without any further purifi cation step.The fi bers can be easily fabricated into thin conductive fi lms due to their high aspect ratio and good solubility in aqueous solution.This synthesis discloses a unique and versatile way of using bionanorods to produce composite fi brillar materials with narrow dispersity,high aspect ratio,and high processibility,which may have many potential applications in electronics,optics,sensing,and biomedical engineering.
基金We thank the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian SKLNBC2018-03 and SKLNBC2020-02 for financial support.
文摘Quantitative analysis is essential for virus research,especially in determining the virus titer.The classical method plaque assay is time-consuming,complex,and difficult for the phages that cannot form apparent plaque on the solid medium.In order to realize rapid and effective detection,a new method combining atomic force microscopy(AFM)observation and mathematical calculation is established.In this research,M13 phages with an appropriate dilution ratio were observed and counted by AFM.Based on the counting results,the titer of M13 phages can be calculated simply through mathematical substitution.Instead of cultivating overnight in plaque assay,this new method can be implemented within a few hours.Moreover,it is a method that can achieve visualization for titer determination and have the potential to determine the phages that fail to form apparent plaque,which is significant in virus quantitative assessment.
