Due to their interesting properties, bamboo fibers are more and more used as reinforcements in polymer matrices as a substitute for synthetic fibers. For their future service life, it is important to understand their ...Due to their interesting properties, bamboo fibers are more and more used as reinforcements in polymer matrices as a substitute for synthetic fibers. For their future service life, it is important to understand their physical and mechanical behavior over time in order to control the aging phenomenon within this fiber. The paper analyzed the influence of the age of the bamboo thatch and the vertical position of the Bambusa vulgaris species cultivated in Cameroon on the physicomechanical properties of the fibers extracted from the thatch. Fibers were mechanically extracted from three bamboo culms aged respectively 3 years (BV3), 4 years (BV4) and 5 years (BV5). The culms were thus identified according to their number of ramifications, and were felled no abated for a total of three culms. A section of about one meter on each of the parts (lower part, middle part, upper part) of these three culms was made for the opposite technological studies. Each age was therefore represented by three portions of thatch, one from the upper part, one from the middle part and the last from the lower part of the thatch, all giving a total number of nine samples taken and marked BV3inf, BV3moy, BV3sup, BV4inf, BV4moy, BV4sup, BV5inf, BV5moy, BV5sup before handling in the laboratory. Physical (density, moisture absorption rate) and mechanical (tensile tests according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1, natural durability) characterizations were used to better understand the mechanisms of this influence. In view of all the results obtained, the fiber from the upper part of the 3-year-old thatch (BV3sup) is the one with the best characteristics and is recommended for a better elaboration of bamboo fiber composites: (Density: 0.83;Absorption rate 11.7%;Young’s modulus: 7.4 GPa;Maximal stress: 64.3 MPa;Elongation at rupture: 1.1;Loss of mass natural durability: 7.63%).展开更多
以竹材加工中产生的锯屑为原料,经磷酸浸渍48h～72h后,在200℃条件下热解2h得到竹炭,将其用发烟硫酸在100℃下磺化2h得到具有酸催化功能的磺化竹炭。XRD和FTIR分析表明:磺化竹炭是一种具有多环芳烃结构的无定型固体酸功能材料。采用吡...以竹材加工中产生的锯屑为原料,经磷酸浸渍48h～72h后,在200℃条件下热解2h得到竹炭,将其用发烟硫酸在100℃下磺化2h得到具有酸催化功能的磺化竹炭。XRD和FTIR分析表明:磺化竹炭是一种具有多环芳烃结构的无定型固体酸功能材料。采用吡啶吸附红外漫反射法确定表面酸位类型为质子酸。用离子交换—酸碱滴定法测得磺化竹炭的酸量为2.02mm o l.g-1。在催化多种醛、酮与乙二醇的缩合反应中,磺化竹炭具有良好的催化活性和重复使用性能。展开更多
为开发出一种具有良好性能的可食包装材料,本实验以乳清分离蛋白为成膜基质,添加竹叶抗氧化物和酪蛋白酸钠,制备竹叶抗氧化物/酪蛋白酸钠/乳清分离蛋白复合可食膜(antioxidant of bamboo leaves/sodium caseinate/whey protein isolate ...为开发出一种具有良好性能的可食包装材料,本实验以乳清分离蛋白为成膜基质,添加竹叶抗氧化物和酪蛋白酸钠,制备竹叶抗氧化物/酪蛋白酸钠/乳清分离蛋白复合可食膜(antioxidant of bamboo leaves/sodium caseinate/whey protein isolate composite film,ASWF),分析比较成膜材料质量比、pH值、甘油质量浓度对ASWF断裂拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过量和透光率等物理性能的影响。结果表明,成膜材料竹叶抗氧化物、酪蛋白酸钠和乳清分离蛋白质量比为1∶1∶10、pH值为8~9、甘油质量浓度为0.04 g/mL时,ASWF断裂拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达18.4 MPa和32.8%,水蒸气透过量为10.86 g/(m^2·d),透光率为90.2%,具备良好的物理性能。傅里叶变换红外光谱扫描分析结果表明成膜材料间具有良好的相容性。扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示ASWF表面平整光滑,横截面规则、均匀。制备的可食膜对实际试样(鱿鱼干)表现出良好的微生物抑制作用和抗氧化作用。该研究为可食膜的研制提供参考。展开更多
文摘Due to their interesting properties, bamboo fibers are more and more used as reinforcements in polymer matrices as a substitute for synthetic fibers. For their future service life, it is important to understand their physical and mechanical behavior over time in order to control the aging phenomenon within this fiber. The paper analyzed the influence of the age of the bamboo thatch and the vertical position of the Bambusa vulgaris species cultivated in Cameroon on the physicomechanical properties of the fibers extracted from the thatch. Fibers were mechanically extracted from three bamboo culms aged respectively 3 years (BV3), 4 years (BV4) and 5 years (BV5). The culms were thus identified according to their number of ramifications, and were felled no abated for a total of three culms. A section of about one meter on each of the parts (lower part, middle part, upper part) of these three culms was made for the opposite technological studies. Each age was therefore represented by three portions of thatch, one from the upper part, one from the middle part and the last from the lower part of the thatch, all giving a total number of nine samples taken and marked BV3inf, BV3moy, BV3sup, BV4inf, BV4moy, BV4sup, BV5inf, BV5moy, BV5sup before handling in the laboratory. Physical (density, moisture absorption rate) and mechanical (tensile tests according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1, natural durability) characterizations were used to better understand the mechanisms of this influence. In view of all the results obtained, the fiber from the upper part of the 3-year-old thatch (BV3sup) is the one with the best characteristics and is recommended for a better elaboration of bamboo fiber composites: (Density: 0.83;Absorption rate 11.7%;Young’s modulus: 7.4 GPa;Maximal stress: 64.3 MPa;Elongation at rupture: 1.1;Loss of mass natural durability: 7.63%).
文摘以竹材加工中产生的锯屑为原料,经磷酸浸渍48h～72h后,在200℃条件下热解2h得到竹炭,将其用发烟硫酸在100℃下磺化2h得到具有酸催化功能的磺化竹炭。XRD和FTIR分析表明:磺化竹炭是一种具有多环芳烃结构的无定型固体酸功能材料。采用吡啶吸附红外漫反射法确定表面酸位类型为质子酸。用离子交换—酸碱滴定法测得磺化竹炭的酸量为2.02mm o l.g-1。在催化多种醛、酮与乙二醇的缩合反应中,磺化竹炭具有良好的催化活性和重复使用性能。
