Influence of Cavitation on Unsteady Vortical Flows in a Side Channel Pump

Previous investigation on side channel pump mainly concentrates on parameter optimization and internal unsteady vortical flows.However,cavitation is prone to occur in a side channel pump,which is a challenging issue in promoting performance.In the present study,the cavitating flow is investigated numerically by the turbulence model of SAS combined with the Zwart cavitation model.The vapors inside the side channel pump firstly occur in the impeller passage near the inlet and then spread gradually to the downstream passages with the decrease of NPSHa.Moreover,a strong adverse pressure gradient is presented at the end of the cavity closure region,which leads to cavity shedding from the wall.The small scaled vortices in each passage reduce significantly and gather into larger vortices due to the cavitation.Comparing the three terms of vorticity transport equation with the vapor volume fraction and vorticity distributions,it is found that the stretching term is dominant and responsible for the vorticity production and evolution in cavitating flows.In addition,the magnitudes of the stretching term decrease once the cavitation occurs,while the values of dilatation are high in the cavity region and increase with the decreasing NPSHa.Even though the magnitude of the baroclinic torque term is smaller than vortex stretching and dilatation terms,it is important for the vorticity production along the cavity surface and near the cavity closure region.The pressure fluctuations in the impeller and side channel tend to be stronger due to the cavitation.The primary frequency of monitor points in the impeller is 24.94 Hz and in the side channel is 598.05 Hz.They are quite corresponding to the shaft frequency of 25 Hz(fshaft=1/n=25 Hz)and the blade frequency of 600 Hz(fblade=Z/n=600 Hz)respectively.This study complements the investigation on cavitation in the side channel pump,which could provide the theoretical foundation for further optimization of performance.

基于多通道的语义信息融合交互方法

提出一种基于多通道的语义信息融合交互方法,使用不同的网络结构来提取原始语音信息、图像信息以及行为信息的语义特征,通过隐马尔可夫模型加强不同特征之间的交互,使用注意力机制建立语义信息融合,捕获了深层语义特征。在IEMOCAP数据集上验证了所提方法的有效性。

软体排沉排水流结构与排体动力特性数值模拟

针对软体排沉排施工时容易出现撕排和断排的问题,本文基于k-ωSST湍流模型,采用分区耦合算法对顺水沉排过程进行双向流固耦合模拟。分析了不同水流条件下绕流流场、涡流结构与排体动力特性,并结合室内水槽试验验证模型计算精度。结果表明:水流流经排体后发生流动分离,导致沿排宽中轴线形成对称的回流区。排体迎水面流速随水深增加呈指数型递增,排体后方高速尾流带的最大流速相较平均流速可增大40%~50%。当雷诺数增加,主体涡流结构由靠近床面侧逐步向水面处发展。此外,排体所受应力沿横向呈条带状分布,峰值集中于排体与翻板交界处及排头梁附近。研究结果可为完善排体结构设计、改进沉排施工工艺提供理论指导。

无人平台人机交互视线追踪技术

设计了一种基于头戴式眼动仪的无人平台人机交互系统,重点分析了基于空间投射原理的二维视线估计算法,通过多相机配准将眼动仪输出的三维视线向量映射在已知坐标的二维界面中,利用双向识别,分别识别视线与屏幕交互界面,实现人眼注视点在人机交互软件界面中的坐标转换。将注视点转换为交互指令,实现眼动与平台的交互。通过设计无人平台目标跟踪交互实验,比较了视线追踪与触控交互在简单点击交互任务中的适用情况,结果表明对比触控交互,使用视线追踪能将简单点击交互事件时间缩短1~1.5s。

血塞泰对缺血性脑卒中大鼠STIM1、Orai1蛋白表达的影响

目的研究血塞泰对缺血性脑卒中(ischemic stroke,IS)大鼠基质相互作用分子1(stromal interaction molecule 1,STIM1)及钙释放激活钙通道蛋白1(calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1,Orai1)的影响。方法选取60只SPF级雄性SD大鼠,随机分为假手术组10只、造模组50只,采用线栓法制备大脑中动脉栓塞(medial cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型。采用随机数字表法将造模成功的41只大鼠分为模型组、血塞泰低剂量组(12.6 g/kg)、血塞泰中剂量组(25.2 g/kg)、血塞泰高剂量组(50.4 g/kg)和阿司匹林肠溶片组(18 mg/kg),其中血塞泰低剂量组9只,其余每组各8只;假手术组和模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。每组连续干预7 d。采用改良神经功能损伤评分(modified Neurological Severity Score,mNSS)评估各组大鼠神经功能损伤情况,TTC染色法检测大鼠脑组织的梗死面积,ELISA法测定大鼠血清中的白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)含量,RT-PCR检测脑组织中STIM1、Orai1 mRNA的表达,免疫共沉淀检测脑组织STIM1、Orai1的蛋白相对表达水平。结果与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠mNSS评分增加(P<0.01),脑梗死率增加(P<0.01),血清IL-6、TNF-α含量增加(P<0.01),脑组织STIM1、Orai1 mRNA表达水平和蛋白相对表达水平升高(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,血塞泰各剂量组和阿司匹林肠溶片组大鼠mNSS评分下降(P<0.05),血清IL-6、TNF-α含量下降(P<0.01),脑组织STIM1、Orai1 mRNA表达水平下降(P<0.01);血塞泰中、高剂量组和阿司匹林肠溶片组大鼠脑梗死率下降(P<0.01),脑组织STIM1、Orai1的蛋白相对表达水平降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与阿司匹林肠溶片组相比,血塞泰低剂量组脑梗死率增加(P<0.01),血清IL-6、TNF-α含量增加(P<0.01),脑组织STIM1、Orai1 mRNA表达水平增加(P<0.05);血塞泰中剂量组血清IL-6、TNF-α含量明显增加(P<0.01),脑组织STIM1、Orai1 mRNA表达水平下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);血塞泰高剂量组脑梗死率下降(P<0.01),血清IL-6、TNF-α含量明显下降(P<0.01),脑组织STIM1、Orai1 mRNA表达水平明显下降(P<0.01)。与血塞泰低、中剂量组相比,血塞泰高剂量组mNSS评分下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),脑梗死率下降(P<0.01),血清IL-6、TNF-α含量下降(P<0.01),脑组织STIM1、Orai1 mRNA表达水平下降(P<0.01)。结论血塞泰能够抑制STIM1、Orai1的表达及结合,减轻炎症反应,改善MCAO大鼠神经功能缺损与降低神经元损伤,从而发挥抗IS的作用。

不同销售模式下质量投资和自有品牌侵入的交互影响

平台作为线上资源配置媒介,正改变着供应链产业结构和市场消费模式。基于不同销售契约,研究供应链质量投资和平台自有品牌侵入的交互作用。考虑消费者策略偏好,建立8种不同情形下的供应链决策模型;进一步,通过数值分析探讨了供应链销售模式选择、质量投资和渠道结构配置策略。研究表明:供应商和平台对供应链销售模式偏好具有差异性,但通过外生参数控制可以实现局部供应链帕累托改进。供应商质量投资总是可以为其带来额外的收益,但平台自有品牌侵入会提高质量投资门槛。反常识的,当消费者接受度较高时,平台不倾向引入自有品牌,只有当接受度较低时才会选择混合渠道策略。因此,供应链实行差异化产品策略能够缓解竞争、促进消费,更有利于运营。

见字如面:虚拟沟通风格对领导力涌现的影响

随着企业运营数智化和管理平台化,员工涌现的领导力逐渐成为支撑组织的关键力量。因此,线上工作情境中领导力涌现机制成为当前亟待探明的问题。领导力涌现的研究目前主要在传统情境中进行探讨。然而,线上情境与传统情境存在显著差异,互动沟通方式大相径庭。本研究因此从虚拟沟通风格的视角分析线上工作团队中的领导力涌现机制。本研究首先采用扎根理论的方式探索虚拟沟通中具有领导力内涵的特征,基于沟通风格的结构理论将这些特征区分为虚拟沟通的身份特征、渠道特征和互动特征。然后,本文基于领导者身份构建理论分析身份系统特征、采用以模式为导向的方法探讨渠道特征、从社会网络视角刻画互动特征,研究这些特征在线上工作团队中影响领导力涌现的作用机制。本研究拓展了领导力涌现的理论内涵,并为企业如何善用数字媒介进行有效管理沟通提供了科学的依据。

上市公司回复积极性对股价崩盘风险的影响--基于网络互动平台的证据

近年来,网络互动平台作为上市公司与个人投资者的直接沟通渠道引起了学术界和业界的普遍关注,上市公司在互动平台的回复积极性能否通过影响个人投资者行为来降低股价崩盘风险?基于此,文章使用2010-2022年“上证e互动”和“互动易”的问答样本,实证结果表明:(1)上市公司回复积极性能够显著降低股价崩盘风险,以上结论在分析师关注度低的组别更加显著;(2)相较于传统的信息含量机制,缓解投资者看跌情绪在统计意义和经济意义上都更加显著,上市公司回复积极性每提高1个标准差,投资者看跌情绪会下降1.36%,而传统信息含量机制提升仅为0.32%,说明上市公司回复积极性的“情绪疏导”作用更加显著。文章从行为金融视角给出了缓解股价崩盘风险的新机制,对促进资本市场高质量发展提供了一定的政策参考。

一种增强型稠密连接网络模型应用于ECT图像重建

针对传统神经网络在电容层析成像图像重建中,存在难以较好地实现电容特征张量的底层位置特征和顶层语义特征融合的问题,提出了一种增强型稠密连接网络模型(enhanced dense connectivity network,EDC-net)。首先,训练全连接神经网络获得初步介电常数分布,利用全连接神经网络的输出特征图作为补偿型U-net网络的输入。其次,搭建补偿型U-net网络,在编码和解码器间添加类DenseNet结构的稠密跳跃连接机制,以保留大量的底层位置特征信息,减少模型多个输出节点的特征损失;同时利用多尺度密集空洞卷积模块替代补偿型U-net中普通卷积,扩大模型的感受野并丰富多尺度信息。最后采用高效通道注意力机制模块实现子解码器节点的输出特征跨通道交互,增强模型对重要信息的关注度,提高模型的非线性拟合能力。试验结果表明,与Landweber迭代算法、U-net算法对比,基于EDC-net算法的重建图像分辨率高,成像边缘清晰,且更具鲁棒性。

基于递归门控卷积的遥感图像超分辨率研究

由于受到硬件条件的限制,通常难以获得具有高分辨率(HR)的遥感图像。利用单幅图像超分辨率(SISR)技术对低分辨率(LR)遥感图像进行超分辨率重建是获取高分辨率遥感图像的常用方法。近年来,在图像超分辨率领域引入的卷积神经网络(CNN)改进了图像重建性能。然而,现有的基于CNN的超分辨率模型通常使用低阶注意力机制提取深层特征,其表征能力有待提高,且常规卷积的感受野有限,缺乏对远距离依赖关系的学习。为了解决以上问题,提出了一种基于递归门控卷积的遥感图像超分辨率方法RGCSR。该方法引入递归门控卷积g n Conv学习全局依赖和局部细节,通过高阶空间交互来获取高阶特征。首先,使用由高阶交互子模块(HorBlock)和前馈神经网络(FFN)组成的高阶交互——前馈神经网络模块(HFB)提取高阶特征。其次,利用由通道注意力(CA)和g n Conv构建的特征优化模块(FOB)优化各个中间模块的输出特征。最后,在多个数据集上的对比结果表明,RGCSR比现有的基于CNN的超分辨率方法具备更好的重建性能和视觉效果。

某控制器液冷板仿真优化设计与评估

某发动机控制器中驱动板采用液冷散热技术,为此开展了液冷板的散热性能仿真优化设计与力学性能评估。首先基于液冷板外形结构提出一种S形流道结构设计方案,接着仿真验证了液冷板的散热性能,并基于仿真结果优化了流道结构。优化结果表明,液冷板上最大温差由10.41℃降为4.82℃,满足温差不大于5℃的设计要求,散热性能改善117%。进一步评估流体入口压力10 MPa工况下的液冷板力学性能,流-固耦合仿真得到的最大等效应力为71.59 MPa,远低于液冷板铝合金材料屈服强度255 MPa,力学结构可靠。

Altered expression of stromal interaction molecule(STIM)-calcium release-activated calcium channel protein(ORAI) and inositol1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP_3Rs)in cancer:will they become a new battlefield for oncotherapy?

The stromal interaction molecule(STIM)-calcium release-activated calcium channel protein(ORAI) and inositol1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP_3Rs) play pivotal roles in the modulation of Ca^(2+)-regulated pathways from gene transcription to cell apoptosis by driving calcium-dependent signaling processes.Increasing evidence has implicated the dysregulation of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.By controlling the activities,structure,and/or expression levels of these Ca^(2+)-transporting proteins,malignant cancer cells can hijack them to drive essential biological functions for tumor development.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the participation of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs in the biological behavior of cancer remain elusive.In this review,we summarize recent advances regarding STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs and discuss how they promote cell proliferation,apoptosis evasion,and cell migration through temporal and spatial rearrangements in certain types of malignant cells.An understanding of the essential roles of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs may provide new pharmacologic targets that achieve a better therapeutic effect by inhibiting their actions in key intracellular signaling pathways.

On the gating of mechanosensitive channels by fluid shear stress

Mechanosensation is an important process in biological fluid-structure interaction. To understand the biophysics underlying mechanosensation, it is essential to quantify the correlation between membrane deformation, membrane tension, external fluid shear stress, and conformation of mechanosensitive (MS) channels. Smoothed dissipative particle dynamics (SDPD) simulations of vesicle/cell in three types of flow configurations are conducted to calculate the tension in lipid membrane due to fluid shear stress from the surrounding viscous flow. In combination with a simple continuum model for an MS channel, SDPD simulation results suggest that shearing adhered vesicles/cells is more effective to induce membrane tension sufficient to stretch MS channels open than a free shear flow or a constrictive channel flow. In addition, we incorporate the bilayer-cytoskeletal interaction in a two-component model to probe the effects of a cytoskeletal network on the gating of MS channels.

Uncertainty Analysis for Ship-Bank Interaction Tests in A Circulating Water Channel

This paper presents a systematic model test program to assess the uncertainty of the ship-bank interaction forces,using the planar motion mechanism(PMM)system in a circulating water channel(CWC).Therefore,the uncertainties due to ship-bank distance and water depth are considered,and they are calculated via the partial differentials of the regression formulae based on the test data.The general part of the uncertainty analysis(UA)is performed according to the ITTC recommended procedure 7.5-02-06.04,while the uncertainty of speed is identified as the bias limit due to the flow velocity maldistribution in the CWC.In each example test for the UA of ship-bank interaction forces,12 repeated measurements were conducted.Results from the UA show that the contribution of water depth error and flow velocity maldistribution to the total uncertainty is noticeable,and the paper explains how they increase with the change of the test conditions.The present study will be useful in understanding the uncertainty regarding the ship-bank interaction force measurement in a CWC.

Dramatic change of the self-diffusions of colloidal ellipsoids by hydrodynamic interactions in narrow channels

The self-diffusion problem of Brownian particles under the constraint of quasi-one-dimensional(q1 D) channel has raised wide concern.The hydrodynamic interaction(HI) plays an important role in many practical problems and two-body interactions remain dominant under q1D constraint.We measure the diffusion coefficient of individual ellipsoid when two ellipsoidal particles are close to each other by video-microscopy measurement.Meanwhile, we obtain the numerical simulation results of diffusion coefficient using finite element software.We find that the self-diffusion coefficient of the ellipsoid decreases exponentially with the decrease of their mutual distance X when X < X0, where X0 is the maximum distance of the ellipsoids to maintain their mutual influence, X0 and the variation rate are related to the aspect ratio p = a/b.The mean squared displacement(MSD) of the ellipsoids indicates that the self-diffusion appears as a crossover region, in which the diffusion coefficient increases as the time increases in the intermediate time regime, which is proven to be caused by the spatial variations affected by the hydrodynamic interactions.These findings indicate that hydrodynamic interaction can significantly affect the self-diffusion behavior of adjacent particles and has important implications to the research of microfluidic problems in blood vessels and bones, drug delivery, and lab-on-chip.

Transferring information through a mixed-five-spin chain channel

We initially introduce one-dimensional mixed-five-spin chain with Ising-XY model which includes mixture of spins-1/2 and spins-1. Here, it is considered that nearest spins（1, 1/2） have Ising-type interaction and nearest spins（1/2, 1/2）have both XY-type and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya（DM） interactions together. Nearest spins（1, 1） have X X Heisenberg interaction. This system is in the vicinity of an external homogeneous magnetic field B in thermal equilibrium state. We promote the quantum information transmitting protocol verified for a normal spin chain with simple model（refer to Rossini D, Giovannetti V and Fazio R 2007 Int. J. Quantum Infor. 5 439）（widely in reference： Giovannetti V and Fazio R 2005 Phys. Rev. A 71 032314） by means of considering the suggested mixed-five-spin chain as a quantum communication channel for transmitting both qubits and qutrits ideally. Hence, we investigate some useful quantities such as quantum capacity and quantum information transmission rate for the system. Finally, we conclude that, when the DM interaction between spins（1/2, 1/2） increases the system is a more ideal channel for transmitting information.

Laser-driven relativistic electron dynamics in a cylindrical plasma channel

The energy and trajectory of the electron, which is irradiated by a high-power laser pulse in a cylindrical plasma channel with a uniform positive charge and a uniform negative current, have been analyzed in terms of a single-electron model of direct laser acceleration. We find that the energy and trajectory of the electron strongly depend on the positive charge density, the negative current density, and the intensity of the laser pulse. The electron can be accelerated significantly only when the positive charge density, the negative current density, and the intensity of the laser pulse are in suitable ranges due to the dephasing rate between the wave and electron motion. Particularly, when their values satisfy a critical condition. the electron can stay in phase with the laser and gain the largest energy from the laser. With the enhancement of the electron energy, strong modulations of the relativistic factor cause a considerable enhancement of the electron transverse oscillations across the channel, which makes the electron trajectory become essentially three-dimensional, even if it is flat at the early stage of the acceleration.

Direct electron acceleration by chirped laser pulse in a cylindrical plasma channel

We study the dynamics of single electron in an inhomogeneous cylindrical plasma channel during the direct acceleration by linearly polarized chirped laser pulse.By adjusting the parameters of the chirped laser pulse and the plasma channel,we obtain the energy gain,trajectory,dephasing rate and unstable threshold of electron oscillation in the channel.The influences of the chirped factor and inhomogeneous plasma density distribution on the electron dynamics are discussed in depth.We find that the nonlinearly chirped laser pulse and the inhomogeneous plasma channel have strong coupled influence on the electron dynamics.The electron energy gain can be enhanced,the instability threshold of the electron oscillation can be lowered,and the acceleration length can be shortened by chirped laser,while the inhomogeneity of the plasma channel can reduce the amplitude of the chirped laser.

Identification of Three Interactions to Determine the Conformation Change and to Maintain the Function of Kir2.1 Channel Protein

We find that a conserved mutation residue Glu to residue Asp （E303D）, which both have the same polar and charged properties, makes Kit2.1 protein lose its function. To understand the mechanism, we identify three interactions which control the conformation change and maintain the function of the Kit2.1 protein by combining homology modeling and molecular dynamics with targeted molecular dynamics. We find that the E303D mutation weakens these interactions and results in the loss of the related function. Our data indicate that not only the amino residues but also the interactions determine the function of proteins.

考察偏好性服务投资影响的双渠道供应链双向协调措施

在同时采用传统分销与电子直销两种销售模式的双渠道供应链中,引入下游零售商的互惠与自利两种偏好性服务投资行为,以产品销量具有价格与服务双重敏感性为前提,构建基于客户效用的产品销量表达式,探讨了零售商的偏好性服务投资对自身及上游供应商的决策及收益的影响。针对由零售商两种偏好性服务投资引起的供应商收益正向溢出效应及负向溢出效应问题,分别提出通过直销渠道收益共享契约及双向渠道收益共享契约实现双方收益Pareto改进的设想及方案,并通过具体算例对理论分析与方案设计进行验证。