During the Fourth Session of the 11th National People’s Congress,the People’s Bank of China(PBC),the central bank,held a press con-ference on March 11.Central bank Governor Zhou Xiaochuan and three deputy governors ...During the Fourth Session of the 11th National People’s Congress,the People’s Bank of China(PBC),the central bank,held a press con-ference on March 11.Central bank Governor Zhou Xiaochuan and three deputy governors answered questions on the country’s monetary policies and financial issues.Edited excerpts of their answers follow展开更多
Presents a method for deadlock avoidance algorithm used in Flexible Manufacturing System(FMS). This method is an improvement of the Banker algorithm. The Banker algorithm is commonly used in the Operating System (OS),...Presents a method for deadlock avoidance algorithm used in Flexible Manufacturing System(FMS). This method is an improvement of the Banker algorithm. The Banker algorithm is commonly used in the Operating System (OS), but some improvements will have to be made on the algorithm if this algorithm is used in FMS. The difference between the process in operating system and the job in the FMS is fully discussed. Based on this difference, the improvement is made. In order to improve the algorithm, formal methods are adopted to the manufacturing systems. The simulation model is translated into a format suitable for model checking. That is, the model is written into PROMELA, the input language of the popular model checker SPIN. After that, SPIN is used to verify that the model does not have deadlock. This algorithm proves to be highly effective in practice.展开更多
Unlike European species,the potential of Nearctic syrphids as biological control agents is still poorly studied.However,the American hoverfly,Eupeodes americanus(Wiedemann),has recently demonstrated promising traits a...Unlike European species,the potential of Nearctic syrphids as biological control agents is still poorly studied.However,the American hoverfly,Eupeodes americanus(Wiedemann),has recently demonstrated promising traits as a biocontrol agent,notably against the foxglove aphid,Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach,on pepper.The present study aims to extend our knowledge of the American hoverfly by evaluating its potential as a biocontrol agent in a banker plant system against the melon aphid,Aphis gossypi Glover,in a greenhouse cucumber crop.The preimaginal development and voracity of E.americanus were compared when preying upon the focal prey/pest(A.gossypi)or the banker prey(bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi L.)by daily observations of larvae from egg to adult.Preimaginal development time,survival rate,and occurrence of deformation were similar on both prey species.The weight of third instar and pupae,however,was higher for larvae that fed on the banker prey.The ad libitum voracity of the syrphid larvae was generally very high and did not significantly differ between prey species,except for the third-instar larvae which consumed more focal prey.Results suggest that a banker plant system involving the bird cherry-oat aphid may be a promising tactic for utilizing E.americanus for melon aphid biocontrol.展开更多
Bangladeshi economist Muhammad Yunus has been awarded this year's Nobel Peace Prize for making small loans to the poorest of the poor through his Grameen Bank. Grameen, meaning "rural" or "village&q...Bangladeshi economist Muhammad Yunus has been awarded this year's Nobel Peace Prize for making small loans to the poorest of the poor through his Grameen Bank. Grameen, meaning "rural" or "village" in Bangla language, is the world's first microcreditor on this scale. By offering microcredit to the impoverished, Yunus helps those desperately struggling in poverty be more accessible to small business startup. The 66-year-old banker allows those who borrow to change their lives through self-employment, by u...展开更多
文摘During the Fourth Session of the 11th National People’s Congress,the People’s Bank of China(PBC),the central bank,held a press con-ference on March 11.Central bank Governor Zhou Xiaochuan and three deputy governors answered questions on the country’s monetary policies and financial issues.Edited excerpts of their answers follow
文摘Presents a method for deadlock avoidance algorithm used in Flexible Manufacturing System(FMS). This method is an improvement of the Banker algorithm. The Banker algorithm is commonly used in the Operating System (OS), but some improvements will have to be made on the algorithm if this algorithm is used in FMS. The difference between the process in operating system and the job in the FMS is fully discussed. Based on this difference, the improvement is made. In order to improve the algorithm, formal methods are adopted to the manufacturing systems. The simulation model is translated into a format suitable for model checking. That is, the model is written into PROMELA, the input language of the popular model checker SPIN. After that, SPIN is used to verify that the model does not have deadlock. This algorithm proves to be highly effective in practice.
基金supported by the Ministere de I'Agriculture,des Pecheries et d'Alimentation du Quebec(MAPAQ),following the program Prime-Vert[grant number18-009-UQAM]by a CRSNG discovery grant to Eric Lucas.
文摘Unlike European species,the potential of Nearctic syrphids as biological control agents is still poorly studied.However,the American hoverfly,Eupeodes americanus(Wiedemann),has recently demonstrated promising traits as a biocontrol agent,notably against the foxglove aphid,Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach,on pepper.The present study aims to extend our knowledge of the American hoverfly by evaluating its potential as a biocontrol agent in a banker plant system against the melon aphid,Aphis gossypi Glover,in a greenhouse cucumber crop.The preimaginal development and voracity of E.americanus were compared when preying upon the focal prey/pest(A.gossypi)or the banker prey(bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi L.)by daily observations of larvae from egg to adult.Preimaginal development time,survival rate,and occurrence of deformation were similar on both prey species.The weight of third instar and pupae,however,was higher for larvae that fed on the banker prey.The ad libitum voracity of the syrphid larvae was generally very high and did not significantly differ between prey species,except for the third-instar larvae which consumed more focal prey.Results suggest that a banker plant system involving the bird cherry-oat aphid may be a promising tactic for utilizing E.americanus for melon aphid biocontrol.
文摘Bangladeshi economist Muhammad Yunus has been awarded this year's Nobel Peace Prize for making small loans to the poorest of the poor through his Grameen Bank. Grameen, meaning "rural" or "village" in Bangla language, is the world's first microcreditor on this scale. By offering microcredit to the impoverished, Yunus helps those desperately struggling in poverty be more accessible to small business startup. The 66-year-old banker allows those who borrow to change their lives through self-employment, by u...
