The Approach of Compensation of Air Refractive Index in Thermal Expansion Coefficients Measurement Based on Laser Feedback Interferometry

We present the thermal expansion coefficient （TEC） measurement technology of compensating for the effect of variations in the refractive index based on a Nd： YA G laser feedback system, the beam frequency is shifted by a pair of aeousto-optic modulators and then the heterodyne phase measurement technique is used. The sample measured is placed in a muffle furnace with two coaxial holes opened on the opposite furnace walls. The measurement beams hit perpendicularly and coaxially on each surface of the sample. The reference beams hit on the reference mirror and the high-refiectivity mirror, respectively. By the heterodyne configuration and computing, the influences of the vibration, distortion of the sample supporter and the effect of variations in the refractive index are measured and largely minimized. For validation, the TECs of aluminum samples are determined in the temperature range of 29-748K, confirming not only the precision within 5 × 10-7 K-1 and the accuracy within 0.4% from 298K to 448K but also the high sensitivity non-contact measurement of the lower reflectivity surface induced by the sample oxidization from 448 K to 748 K.

Base Flow Index Evaluation for Yom River,Thailand

The most controversial river in Thailand is the Yom River.It has not been modified by large dam because of several valuable natural resources.Therefore,the river is flooded in rainy season and very low flow in dry season.The low flow causes drought which is much more serious than flooding.The Yom River Basin management is only way to circumvent the low flow problem by studying base flow index(BFI).Base flow analyses for 8 gauging stations along the river were performed by 2 techniques i.e.graphical and modified U.K.Institute of Hydrology(MIH).The mean BFI results from graphical and MIH are 0.37(0.05)and 0.45(0.12).The result from graphical is more reasonable due to its lower standard deviation.BFI values from MIH vary with watershed area which may result from the using of fixing value of N-day at 10.Solution for this problem is ongoing in this study.

Indexing of Content-Based Image Retrieval System with Image Understanding Approach

This paper presents a novel efficient semantic image classification algorithm for high-level feature indexing of high-dimension image database. Experiments show that the algorithm performs well. The size of the train set and the test set is 7 537 and 5 000 respectively. Based on this theory, another ground is built with 12,000 images, which are divided into three classes: city, landscape and person, the total result of the classifications is 88.92%, meanwhile, some preliminary results are presented for image understanding based on semantic image classification and low level features. The groundtruth for the experiments is built with the images from Corel database, photos and some famous face databases.

Measuring Public School Competition from Private Schools: A Gravity-Based Index

This research develops a gravity-based index of public school competition from private schools within local markets. Proponents of educational reform often call for policies to increase competition between schools. A major hurdle for researchers examining this issue is to determine a workable definition of “competition” by which they can measure the degree of competition within local markets. This study addresses this challenge by developing a school competition index for public schools in the Jackson metropolitan area of Mississippi, USA that considers the enrollments in public schools and the enrollments in their neighboring private schools, as well as the distances between them. The school competition index reveals the degree of competition for each public school based on its spatial location relative to peer private schools operating within its service area. This methodology can be useful for evaluating competition in other markets and redefining the traditional market structure.

Efficient Cloud Image Retrieval System Using Weighted-Inverted Index and Database Filtering Algorithms

With the advance of multimedia technology and communications, images and videos become the major streaming information through the Internet. How to fast retrieve desired similar images precisely from the Internet scale image/video databases is the most important retrieval control target. In this paper, a cloud based content-based image retrieval （CBIR） scheme is presented. Database-categorizing based on weighted-inverted index （DCWII） and database f＇dtering algorithm （DFA） is used to speed up the features matching process. In the DCWII, the weights are assigned to discrete cosine transform （DCT） coefficients histograms and the database is categorized by weighted features. In addition, the DFA filters out the irrelevant image in the database to reduce unnecessary computation loading for features matching. Experiments show that the proposed CBIR scheme outperforms previous work in the precision-recall performance and maintains mean average precision （mAP） about 0.678 in the large-scale database comprising one million images. Our scheme also can reduce about 50% to 85% retrieval time by pre-filtering the database, which helps to improve the efficiency of retrieval systems.

基于HBase的多维索引查询机制的优化

键值存储旨在从非常大的数据量中提取值,同时具有高可用性、容错性和可伸缩性,因此提供了非常需要的基础设施来支持基于位置的服务(LBS)。然而,多维数据上的复杂查询不能有效地处理,因为键值存储不提供访问多个属性的方法。针对键值存储HBase不能有效处理多维数据的问题,提出了一个统一的索引框架--New-grid,使键值存储HBase支持多维查询。在改进的P-grid覆盖网络中,组织了一组节点,提供了高效的数据分布、容错和多维数据的查询处理。为了进行索引,使用基于Hilbert空间填充曲线来保存数据的局部性,从而有效地管理键值存储中的多维数据。同时使用HBase底层存储管理数据,并提出了一种范围查询和K最近邻查询的算法,以消除维护单独索引表的开销。在Amazon EC2上使用4、8和16个普通节点的集群进行了广泛的实验。实验结果表明,New-grid的性能相比MD-Hbase以及MapReduce更优。

关于Zp^＊分解基S的选取及在Index—calculus算法中的应用

给出循环群Zp*分解基S的选取方法,并由此确定有效生成关系式:αk=∏ti=1pici(其中ci≥0)和βαk=∏ti=1pidi(其中di≥0)。该方法在离散对数体制中,对计算离散对数的Index-calculus算法大有裨益,并通过大量实例验证之。

L(k)-index:一种支持标签路径的高效k双拟结构索引

针对基于k双拟的结构索引创建和更新低效问题、查询结果重复验证问题以及标签路径不可获得性问题,提出了一种新的结构索引L(k)-index.L(k)-index通过引入标签路径,在创建时无须k次遍历原数据,并采取批量更新策略,大大提高索引创建和更新的效率,而在空间上仅有很小增加.对于长度大于k+1的路径查询,L(k)-index无须访问原数据进行验证,并支持批量节点的标签路径获得.通过大量实验表明,同A(k)-index相比,L(k)-index创建时间平均提高66.7%,查询处理时间效率平均提高68.9%,批量更新效率平均每节点提高58.8%,而空间仅增加22.5%.

GKD-Base完整性约束的实现

GKD-Base完整性约束实现方案,分为编译和执行两个独立阶段。前者从CreateTable或AlterTable语句中获取约束的信息并存入数据字典,后者则负责从数据字典中取出约束的信息,再按照这些信息对DML语句进行完整性约束的检查,以判断DML语句的合法性。其关键技术在于索引查找和内存控制。该方案包括CHECK约束及参照约束的实现。

Intelligent search on integrated knowledge base of traditional Chinese medicine

To semantically integrate heterogeneous resources and provide a unified intelligent access interface, semantic web technology is exploited to publish and interlink machineunderstandable resources so that intelligent search can be supported. TCMSearch, a deployed intelligent search engine for traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, is presented. The core of the system is an integrated knowledge base that uses a TCM domain ontology to represent the instances and relationships in TCM. Machine-learning techniques are used to generate semantic annotations for texts and semantic mappings for relational databases, and then a semantic index is constructed for these resources. The major benefit of representing the semantic index in RDF/OWL is to support some powerful reasoning functions, such as class hierarchies and relation inferences. By combining resource integration with reasoning, the knowledge base can support some intelligent search paradigms besides keyword search, such as correlated search, semantic graph navigation and concept recommendation.

数据库“词典”方法及其在FOXBASE+数据库编程中的应用

利用ＦＯＸＢＡＳＥ＋数据库程序设计语言在编制应用程序的过程中，研究出了一种建立数据库“词典”的查询方法．

Use of Selection Indices Based on Multivariate Analysis for Improving Grain Yield in Rice

In order to study selection indices for improving rice grain yield, a cross was made between an Iranian traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety, Tarommahalli and an improved indica rice variety, Khazar in 2006. The traits of the parents (30 plants), F1 (30 plants) and F2 generations (492 individuals) were evaluated at the Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) during 2007. Heritabilities of the number of panicles per plant, plant height, days to heading and panicle exsertion were greater than that of grain yield. The selection indices were developed using the results of multivariate analysis. To evaluate selection strategies to maximize grain yield, 14 selection indices were calculated based on two methods (optimum and base) and combinations of 12 traits with various economic weights. Results of selection indices showed that selection for grain weight, number of panicles per plant and panicle length by using their phenotypic and/or genotypic direct effects (path coefficient) as economic weights should serve as an effective selection criterion for using either the optimum or base index.

针对微博信息分析的HBase存储结构设计

随着互联网的发展,微博对人们生活的影响日益加深。由于微博用户的激增,微博数据量已经非常庞大,且每时每刻都在急速增长。面对这种形势,传统数据库对于海量数据的处理效率已经难以满足需求,于是NoSQL数据库应运而生。文章采用的HBase是目前比较受欢迎的开源NoSQL之一。作为依赖于HDFS分布式存储架构的新型NoSQL数据库,HBase不仅能满足高效的结构化数据存储,并通过Mapreduce实现高效处理,还能存储非结构化数据,为海量数据提供相对灵活的信息存储管理。最重要的是,HBase的集群扩展起来非常方便,只需要增加Slave节点机器即可,比传统数据库的读写分离、分表等扩展操作要简便得多。文章研究了针对微博信息的HBase行键设计,从深度信息、广度信息等不同角度探讨行键的设计,并通过二级索引改善HBase的查询效率。在不更改HBase源代码的前提下,文章解决了信息查询在很大程度上受到行键设计制约的问题,并充分考虑了适用于微博图片、链接等信息的存储方式,满足微博信息的高效管理。

Relationship between body mass index and course of pregnancy in women

Nutritional management and suitable weight control during pregnancy are very important. However, in clinical practice, it is difficult to determine in detail precisely what pregnant women are eating. We investigated nutritional balance and nutritional requirements in pregnant women and their relationship to the course of pregnancy. A Food Frequency Questionnaire Based on Food Groups (FFQg) was distributed to 223 women at 12 weeks gestation attending one obstetrics clinic. We observed the women’s statuses until delivery and obtained information on pregnancy, delivery, and newborn from their medical records. One hundred and forty-seven (65.9%) of the subjects had problem-free pregnancies. Only 2 (0.9%) subjects developed pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. Participants were classified by pre-pregnancy BMI (body mass index;kg/m2) as follows: 44 (19.7%) were underweight (BMI the three groups. However, the underweight group consumed significantly more fat than the normal group and gained significantly more weight before delivery than the others. Blood pressure was significantly higher in the overweight group than in the other groups at some points of gestation, although it remained within the normal range. Fat intake overall was more than the recommended value, especially in the underweight group. The relationship between course of pregnancy and nutritional intake was unclear. However, pre-pregnancy BMI may influence the course of pregnancy in terms of infant weight, gestational weight gain, and blood pressure.

Operator-Based Robust Nonlinear Control for SISO and MIMO Nonlinear Systems With PI Hysteresis

In this paper, operator based robust nonlinear control for single-input single-output(SISO) and multi-input multi-output(MIMO) nonlinear uncertain systems preceded by generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii(PI) hysteresis is considered respectively. In detail, by using operator based robust right coprime factorization approach, the control system design structures including feedforward and feedback controllers for both SISO and MIMO nonlinear uncertain systems are given, respectively.In which, the controller design includes the information of PI hysteresis and its inverse, and some sufficient conditions for the controllers in both SISO and MIMO systems should be satisfied are also derived respectively. Based on the proposed conditions, influence from hysteresis is rejected, the systems are robustly stable and output tracking performance can be realized.Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by numerical simulations.

QIM digital watermarkingbased on LDPC code and messagepassingunder scalingattacks

Watermarking system based on quantization index modulation （QIM） is increasingly popular in high payload applications,but it is inherently fragile against amplitude scaling attacks.In order to resist desynchronization attacks of QIM digital watermarking,a low density parity check （LDPC） code-aided QIM watermarking algorithm is proposed,and the performance of QIM watermarking system can be improved by incorporating LDPC code with message passing estimation/detection framework.Using the theory of iterative estimation and decoding,the watermark signal is decoded by the proposed algorithm through iterative estimation of amplitude scaling parameters and decoding of watermark.The performance of the proposed algorithm is closer to the dirty paper Shannon limit than that of repetition code aided algorithm when the algorithm is attacked by the additive white Gaussian noise.For constant amplitude scaling attacks,the proposed algorithm can obtain the accurate estimation of amplitude scaling parameters.The simulation result shows that the algorithm can obtain similar performance compared to the algorithm without desynchronization.

Spatial-temporal Pattern Evolution of Manufacturing Geographical Agglomeration and Influencing Factors of Old Industrial Base:A Case of Jilin Province,China

The primary object of this paper is to examine the spatial-temporal pattern evolution of manufacturing geographical agglomeration of the old industrial base.Industrial spatial agglomeration index and concentration ratio are used in this paper.Multiple linear regression models are also applied to try to explore the internal driving mechanisms on manufacturing geographical agglomeration.The results show that:1) the manufacturing agglomeration degree of Jilin Province is increasing gradually.The spatial polarization structure is visible;and the central region is the agglomeration area,in addition,the manufacturing industries of Changchun Proper present a trend of dispersion;2) the structure of manufacturing industries has changed,and the concentration ratio of labor-intensive manufacturing industry is declining,while the proportions of technology-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing industry are relatively rising;3) marketing level,location accessibility,labor resources,capital,science and technology innovation capability,scale economy and the level of globalization affect manufacturing agglomeration with different degree.There are significant differences of the effects about employment,technology,the quality of residents and the export-oriented market on the industrial concentration ratio;4) in the future,the impact of policy and institution,export-oriented market and quality of resident on manufacturing geographical agglomeration pattern will be more profound.

Synthesis and Characterisation of a Biolubricant from Cameroon Palm Kernel Seed Oil Using a Locally Produced Base Catalyst from Plantain Peelings

Biolubricant was synthesized from Cameroon palm kernel oil (PKO) by double transesterification, producing methyl esters in the first stage which were then transesterified with trimethylolpropane (TMP) to give the PKO biolubricant in the presence of a base catalyst obtained from plantain peelings (municipal waste). The yields from both catalysts were significantly similar (48% for the locally produced and 51% for the conventional) showing that the locally produced catalyst could be valorized. The synthesized biolubricant was characterized by measuring its physical and chemical properties. The specific gravity of 1.2, ASTM color of 1.5, cloud point of 0°C, pour point of -9°C, viscosities at 40°C of 509.80 cSt and at 100°C of 30.80 cSt, viscosity index of 120, flash point greater than 210°C and a fire point greater than 220°C were obtained. This synthesized biolubricant was found to be comparable to commercial T-46 petroleum lubricant sample produced industrially from mineral sources. We have therefore used local materials to produce a biolubricant using a cheap base catalyst produced from municipal waste.

Scheme of Weather-Based Indemnity Indices for Insuring Against Freeze Damage to Citrus Orchards in Zhejiang,China

We design a weather-based indemnity index for the insurance against freeze damage to citrus orchards so as to provide technological support for the development of policy-based agriculture. The indices are prepared by separating a relative meteorological yield from the yield that is dependent on tree age, high-yield and low-yield years, and environmental factors, and then using a risk assessment scheme to determine the percentage yield reduction due to the meteorological hazard. We thus develop a set of indices associated with cold temperature damage with which to construct more severe weather indices in conjunction with the yield percentage decrease. We then combine the insured regional citrus yield index with the insured meteorological counterpart to obtain a weather-based indemnity index for the varying degree of freeze damage to crops. When the freeze damage index （FDI） is greater than -7.0℃ for the coastal belt of Zhejiang Province, China, or greater than -9.0℃ for other regions of Zhejiang, weather-based indemnity index （WBII） is zero, meaning there is no compensation; when the FDI is from -7.0 to -7.9℃ for the coastal belt or from -9.0 to -9.9℃ for other regions, the WBII is 1 with 50% compensation; when the FDI is from -8.0 to -8.9℃ for the coastal belt or from -10.0 to -10.9℃ for other regions, the WBII is 2 with 70% compensation; and when the FDI is less than -9.0℃ for the coastal belt or less than -11.0℃ for other regions, the WBII is 3 with 90% compensation. The weather indemnity indices of insured orchards are developed in the interest of owners, thereby eliminating adverse selection and moral hazard issues and providing timely recompense from the insurer, and resolving the problem of high indemnity cost in agricultural insurance.

基于HBase的支持频繁更新与多用户并发的R树

基于位置服务的应用已经进入大数据时代,传统基于位置服务的技术面临系统扩展性、性能等方面的挑战。云计算技术是大数据处理的基础,索引是优化查询的重要手段。尽管目前已存在大量的研究成果,但尚未有HBase上的支持频繁更新与多用户并发的R树索引。针对移动对象索引的频繁更新与多用户并发的需求,文中提出了基于HBase的支持频繁更新与多用户并发的R树索引,它只索引包含移动对象的网格,避免了频繁更新问题;进一步基于HBase的数据行与数据分区的组织与读写特性,对R树的节点进行重组,并对网格Z-order编码,从而减少了对HBase的读写操作,提高了查询效率;最后提出了基于ZooKeeper分布式读写锁的优化策略,提高了索引的吞吐量。实验结果表明,与网格索引相比,在数据非均匀的情况下,所提策略的查询吞吐量提高了25%~50%,更新吞吐量约在同一数量级;与分布式共享锁索引相比,分布式读写锁索引的吞吐量提高了近40%。