Propagation of partially coherent beams carrying an edge dislocation through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path

This paper derives the explicit expressions for the average intensity, beam width and angular spread of Gaussian Schell-model （GSM） beams with edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path. The propagation of GSM beams with edge dislocation through horizontal atmospheric turbulence can be treated as a special case through a slant one. The propagation properties of GSM beams with edge dislocation through slant atmospheric turbulence are studied, where the influence of edge dislocation parameters including the slope p and off-axis distance d on the spreading of GSM beams with edge dislocation in atmospheric turbulence is stressed. It shows that the spreading of the intensity profile of GSM beams with edge dislocation along a slant path is smaller than that along a horizontal path in the long-distance atmospheric propagation. The larger the slope ｜p｜ and the smaller the off-axis distance ｜d｜ are, the less the beam-width spreading and angular spread of GSM beams with edge dislocation are affected by turbulence. The CSM beams with edge dislocation is less affected by turbulence than that of GSM beams without edge dislocation. The results are illustrated numerically and their validity is interpreted physically.

ON FATIGUE CRACK PATH DEVIATION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE IN ELECTRON BEAM REPAIRED WELDMENTS OF TURBINE DISK

Fatigue crack growth behaviors in electron beam weldments of a nickel-base superalloy are studied. The objective of this paper is to discuss effects of the inhomogeneity of mechanical performance on fatigue crack growth (FCG) rate and crack path deviation (CPD). The base metal served in a turbine disk of aerospace engine was selected to fabricate bead-on-plate weldments by using electron beam welding. Some wedge-type opening loading specimens, notched in three different zone of weld metal, HAZ and base metal, were employed and performed fatigue crack growth tests at 650℃. The results show that the fatigue crack growth of electron beam welded joints is instable due to the influence of mechanical heterogeneities. Owing to the crack deviation at the weld metal and heat-affected-zone (HAZ), the effective growth driving force at the tip of fatigue crack was reduced with the reduction of the effective stress intensity factor (SIF) which finally causes fatigue crack rate decrease. Fatigue crack was strongly affected by size and the symmetrical characteristics of the plastic zone at the crack tip, which means that the integrity of the welded structure containing the fatigue crack mainly depended on the toughness of the low strength zone.

工业厂房皮带廊结构改造托梁换柱加固技术

随着城市更新的推进,针对一些大型工业建筑,不仅要满足结构受力需要,而且更需满足现代城市生活功能。针对已报废停产的工业厂房皮带廊项目,为了满足城市园区交通需求,需拔除旧厂房皮带廊项目跨中的混凝土立柱。最后采用钢托梁替代原混凝土梁的方式,改变了结构传力路径,通过ANSYS进行结构受力验算,最终提出托梁换柱的加固改造方法,现场安装临时支撑千斤顶进行结构卸载,该方法不仅满足了原设计拆除部分支撑柱的要求,同时也实现了结构原状和其历史风貌保护。

梁类零件转角区域自动铺丝分析

在航空航天领域,自动铺丝已经被广泛应用于制造形状复杂的复合材料构件,C型梁就是其中的典型。C型梁结构通常具有曲率很大的转角过渡区域,保证该区域内的±45°路径铺放质量和铺放效率是C型梁结构铺放过程中的难题。为解决这一问题,分别研究了减丝束方法和缠绕方法对梁类零件转角区域铺放质量的影响,并进一步对比分析了减丝束法和缠绕法两种铺放策略在铺放转角区域时的优劣。建立了实际铺放过程中两种铺放策略的选择原则。最终通过实际铺放试验证明减丝束法和缠绕法相结合能够更有效地保证C型梁转角区域的铺放质量和铺放效率。

弱风条件下斜程海洋湍流中涡旋光束的传输特性

光束在海洋介质中传输会极大地受到海洋湍流的影响。此外,涡旋光束轨道角动量的复用会极大地提高系统容量,因此研究涡旋光束在海洋湍流中的传输具有重要意义。在水平海洋湍流理论基础上,创新性地构建了斜程路径上海洋湍流相位屏模型,以相位结构函数为依据验证了海洋湍流相位屏的准确性,根据多相位屏法搭建准直高斯涡旋光束在海洋湍流中的上行传输链路模型。数值模拟并分析了不同天顶角、海洋湍流内外尺度及拓扑荷数等其他海洋湍流参数对准直高斯涡旋光束经海洋湍流上行传输的光强及相位分布、光束漂移、轴上闪烁指数和长曝光光斑半径的影响。结果表明:涡旋光束的拓扑荷数越小、天顶角越小,光束受到湍流的影响越大;在海洋湍流上行传输链路中,准直高斯涡旋光束的光束漂移、轴上闪烁指数及长曝光光斑半径随海洋湍流外尺度的增大而增大,且主要受传输距离的影响;理想情况下,取海洋湍流外尺度为无穷大,会高估湍流对光束的影响;由于涡旋光束的本身特性,拓扑荷数对光强及相位分布和长曝光光斑半径的影响也较为显著。

大跨度悬挂式单轨钢箱组合梁总体设计及关键技术研究

悬挂式单轨是一种轻型、中速、低成本的新型轨道交通方式,结构轻盈、美观,但是当跨越河流、沟壑等障碍时,存在明显短板。从结构受力、运行安全角度出发,提出一种在斜拉桥的主梁上架设轨道墩柱和轨道梁的新型组合梁结构方案,突破常规悬挂式单轨跨越能力受限的壁垒。为研究斜拉桥主梁与轨道梁墩柱结合部位复杂的受力情况和传力路径,采用ANSYS软件分别建立钢箱梁区段和混凝土箱梁区段有限元模型。结果表明:钢箱梁区段,墩柱荷载主要传递给与之直接相连的横隔板以及中腹板,其中,横隔板受力比较均匀,中腹板受力主要集中在以墩柱为中心,半径约2 m的范围内,基本可以传递至钢梁底板。墩柱轴力的58%传递给与之直接相连的横隔板;墩柱横桥向弯矩的传递过程中,58.8%的剪力传递给与之直接相连的横隔板;墩柱顺桥向弯矩的传递过程中,53.4%的剪力传递给中腹板;混凝土箱梁区段,墩柱荷载主要传递给与之直接相连的混凝土腹板、横隔板。混凝土受力主要集中在以结合面为中心,半径约2 m的范围内,墩柱荷载在结合面以下约0.5 m的范围内基本完成传递,墩柱轴力的68.8%传递给与之直接相连的横隔板;墩柱横桥向弯矩的传递过程中,86.4%的剪力传递给与之直接相连的横隔板;墩柱顺桥向弯矩的传递过程中,44.6%的剪力传递给中腹板。

基于光束分析的高功率激光切割头光路优化

20mm碳钢亮面是万瓦切割能力验证的典型板材,采用超音速单层1.2孔径喷嘴,焦点在+12.5mm左右的离焦量,可以产生较好的切割效果,而此时激光切割头普遍存在喷嘴发烫,无法长期稳定切割的问题;通过对激光头进行光学软件模拟及光束分析仪实际测试,结果表明良好的切割效果不仅取决于聚焦光路长度,同时还与光路总长有密切关系;不同切割头内冷却及吸光装置不同,可能是光路相同情况下影响出射光束的主要原因。

基于分束器的光学偏振保真传输

光的偏振作为光的基本禀性之一,在光信号获取分析应用中至关重要.光学分束器作为搭建探测光路/光学系统的常规元件,其对光偏振信息的保真传输效果会极大地影响整个探测系统的偏振检测能力.通过光学透反射理论分析,基于光学分束器设计出了同时满足反射保偏和透射保偏功能的光路.实验证明该光路的偏振保真度高达95%以上.此光路设计方案具有成本低、调节灵活、功能性强等特点,为偏振光的分析和应用提供了更多的可能性.

基于合光技术的可变焦激光探照灯设计

为增加激光光源的光效,进一步实现远距离照明,可使用基于合光技术的方案,设计一种可变焦激光探照灯。采用多颗蓝光LD排成阵列的方法,利用玻璃反光碗的光回收技术,对激光探照灯进行光路设计;同时使用二向色片来控制发散角度,从而实现激光探照灯的可变焦控制。测量激光模组在1 A电流下输出的光通量,经计算,荧光陶瓷片出射的总光通量约为730 lm。此外,对匀光片的散射特性进行改变,可实现对聚焦激光光斑的控制。此研究实现了可变焦激光探照灯的光路设计以及对聚焦激光光斑的控制,并利用二向色片实现了蓝光和黄光混合白光输出。该光学系统的整体光效较高,有较强的实用意义。

一种求解TSP的Beam-PSO算法

为了求解大规模高复杂度的TSP问题,文中基于标准粒子群算法的框架,构建了Beam-PSO混合优化算法.利用BeamSearch优化技术进一步强化标准PSO算法的深度开发能力,进而强化的标准PSO算法的优化性能.采用TSP标准数据集并通过Matlab仿真测试,与其他算法进行对比,该算法获得的最优解更接近于已知最优解,且多次优化结果的均值更小证明该算法的搜索性能较强,能够有效地应对离散优化问题.

Characteristics of a partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model beam propagating in slanted atmospheric turbulence

On the basis of the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the model of the refractive-index structure constant in the atmospheric turbulence proposed by the International Telecommunication Union-Radio Communication Sector,the characteristics of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model（GSM） beams propagating in slanted atmospheric turbulence are studied.Using the cross-spectral density function（CSDF）,we derive the expressions for the effective beam radius,the spreading angle,and the average intensity.The variance of the angle-of-arrival fluctuation and the wander effect of the GSM beam in the turbulence are calculated numerically.The influences of the coherence degree,the propagation distance,the propagation height,and the waist radius on the propagation characteristics of the partially coherent beams are discussed and compared with those of the fully coherent Gaussian beams.

GPU-accelerated scanning path optimization in particle cancer therapy

When using the beam scanning method for particle beam therapy, the target volume is divided into many iso-energy slices and is irradiated slice by slice. Each slice may comprise thousands of discrete scanning beam positions. An optimized scanning path can decrease the transit dose and may bypass important organs. The minimization of the scanning path length can be considered as a variation of the traveling salesman problem; the simulated annealing algorithm is adopted to solve this problem. The initial scanning path is assumed as a simple zigzag path;subsequently, random searches for accepted new paths are performed through cost evaluation and criteria-based judging. To reduce the optimization time of a given slice,random searches are parallelized by employing thousands of threads. The simultaneous optimization of multiple slices is realized by using many thread blocks of generalpurpose computing on graphics processing units hardware.Running on a computer with an Intel i7-4790 CPU and NVIDIA K2200 GPU, our new method required only 1.3 s to obtain optimized scanning paths with a total of 40 slices in typically studied cases. The procedure and optimization results of this new method are presented in this work.

Portable two linearly polarized beams absorption biometric system

The purpose of this paper is to design a portable two linearly polarized beams absorption biometric system (PTLPBABS) that measures the amount of absorption of the visible collimated beam passing by the sample to know the absorbance of the sample. The measured object in the system is the gold colloid that the sample produces after a biochemical reaction. After measuring the absorbance of the gold colloid we can obtain the concentrations of the waiting-measured sample and further obtain the concentration of chemical solution contained in the sample. The two linearly polarized beams device can be used to enhance rejection of ambient light and causes PTLPBABS to have excellent data stability measured. The process of the double optical path method increases the opportunities that the visible collimated beam is absorbed, which raise the detection sensitivity of the system to a sensitivity of 0.1%.

Second-order temporal interference of two independent light beams at an asymmetrical beam splitter

The second-order temporal interference of classical and nonclassical light at an asymmetrical beam splitter is discussed based on two-photon interference in Feynman＇s path integral theory. The visibility of the second-order interference pattern is determined by the properties of the superposed light beams, the ratio between the intensities of these two light beams, and the reflectivity of the asymmetrical beam splitter. Some requirements about the asymmetrical beam splitter have to be satisfied in order to ensure that the visibility of the second-order interference pattern of nonclassical light beams exceeds the classical limit. The visibility of the second-order interference pattern of photons emitted by two independent single-photon sources is independent of the ratio between the intensities. These conclusions are important for the researches and applications in quantum optics and quantum information when an asymmetrical beam splitter is employed.

基于海洋遥感图像的无人艇路径覆盖规划算法

遥感技术和无人艇的结合在海洋覆盖应用中具有巨大的潜力,提出了一种基于海洋遥感图像的无人艇路径覆盖方法。首先,为了建立精确的地图模型,提出了一种基于改进YOLO V3的旋转目标检测算法,在YOLO V3的基础上,细化障碍物的轴向、长度、宽度和坐标信息,在不增加计算量的情况下提高复杂场景下障碍物检测的召回率。然后,为了获得高效的覆盖路径,提出了一种基于旋转光束和贪心算法的路径覆盖算法。该算法将完整路径分为直行路径和转弯路径,分别基于长度与避障目标优化覆盖路径。仿真结果表明,较基于栅格地图的神经元激励算法,所提出算法在长度上平均减少了9.3%,并且在2种极端海洋环境中实现路径覆盖率为100%,重复率小于2.1%。

无源毫米波成像雷达准光路及聚焦天线设计

提出一种用于空中目标探测的无源毫米波雷达准光路和聚焦天线设计方法。对焦平面阵列实时成像探测系统中天线的聚焦特性进行了仿真,分析了天线的焦径比对天线聚焦特性的影响,研究了抛物面天线和偏置抛物面天线在馈源偏焦时天线波束的畸变情况。设计了聚焦天线的馈源阵列,对馈源阵列天线单元间的互耦进行了分析。探索了反射面支架对聚焦天线聚焦特性的影响。仿真分析的结果为无源毫米波雷达空中目标探测系统的准光路和聚焦天线设计提供了支撑。

常规混凝土框剪结构连续倒塌动力响应分析

多高层办公建筑主要采用混凝土框剪结构,其在局部结构构件失效下的整体结构连续倒塌可能引发严重的经济损失和社会影响。该文针对常规结构布置的典型框剪结构开展了动力连续倒塌分析,总结其规律为结构毁伤下的连续倒塌快速评估提供依据。主要工作包括:按照不同抗震设防烈度、跨度、层数设计了18个典型结构布置的框剪结构,并采用纤维梁单元和分层壳单元建立了整体结构的数值模型库;采用非线性动力拆除构件法对整体结构开展了计算分析,获得结构系统在局部构件失效下的动力响应;对比分析不同结构的连续倒塌动力响应,研究不同参数对连续倒塌后果的影响。

混合型双光束干涉全息照相的设计与探究

基于单光束干涉和一般的双光束干涉全息照相实验,本文设计了一种反射透射混合型双光束干涉光路,从理论上分析了两束物光与一束参考光干涉叠加后在全息干板上的强度分布情况,通过对照实验:拍摄只有反射物光的单光束干涉光路、只有透射物光的单光束干涉光路、反射透射混合型双光束干涉光路的全息图,对比分析成像效果,结果表明本文设计的光路拍摄得到的全息图成像更完整、更清晰、层次感更强;并进一步通过控制变量法,改变不同的影响因素,进而提高全息图的成像质量。经过多次探究,结果表明,当使用GS-I型全息干板,使用功率约为2.23mW、波长为632.8nm的氦氖激光器拍摄全息图时,控制曝光时间为15s,反射物光与参考光之间的夹角为25°~35°,透射物光与参考光之间的夹角为20°~30°,反射物光、透射物光与参考光的光强比约为1∶1∶1,全息图整体成像效果最佳。

基于深部含水煤样失稳特征的荷载梁式主控裂隙模型的试验研究

深部巷道周边的煤体在承受高地应力基础荷载的同时,往往还受到由远及近的采掘活动扰动,使其内部的裂隙损伤在近似于高应力逐级加卸载的应力路径下不断发育,若还处于水岩作用的影响下,承载性能将进一步劣化。通过对某矿深部煤样进行吸水特性描述、波速信息对比、力学试验分析及声发射监测,总结了该矿深部含水煤样具有以下特征:吸水迅速、极易饱和、饱水后整体结构完整性增强,且主要以张开型主控裂隙的张拉破坏造成试件整体失稳。基于上述特征,结合吸水率、裂隙参数、系统尺寸等因素,优化建立了荷载梁式主控裂隙模型,阐述了深部含水煤样产生上述失稳特征的机制,并进行了敏感性分析、强度验证,验算结果较为贴合试验数据,可为深部高应力扰动富水巷道中的裂隙煤岩体进行类似的试验研究、理论建模及采掘设计提供一定的参考。

空间弧形抗滑桩支护结构模型试验及参数分析

为充分利用边坡滑体周围的稳定土体,改善抗滑桩受力状态,本文通过室内模型试验,对空间弧形抗滑桩支护结构的受力状态、荷载传递规律和桩前土压力进行分析;并建立有限元模型,考虑冠梁刚度和桩位对抗滑桩受力状态和边坡整体稳定性的影响。结果表明:在整个支护结构中,冠梁可约束抗滑桩,改善抗滑桩受力状态,协调桩间位移,并将荷载向两侧桩体传递;通过增大冠梁刚度可进一步改善桩体受力状态,但无法进一步约束桩顶位移;边桩桩前土压力最大,其峰值是其他桩体土压力峰值的2倍以上,沿桩身高度不断增大,抗滑结构中的边桩位于坡脚时,可最大程度利用稳定土体的抗力,边坡整体稳定性最强。研究结果可为滑坡的治理方法以及抗滑桩支护结构的优化提供一种基本可行的新思路。