Fatigue Damage Mechanism of Oil Film Bearing Sleeve

With the rapid development of the steel industry, to keep pace with the current trend of high speed, continuous, and large-scale production that focuses on automation and high levels of efficiency, many state-owned steel companies are being equipped with oil film bearings. Through long-term on-spot inspection and research on the fatigue failure of oil film bearing, three segments of annulated fatigue breakage were found axially along the inner surface of the bearing sleeve. In order to elucidate the reason for the three-segment annulated damage under rolling load, numerical boundary element method was adopted to analyze the contact behaviors between the sleeve and rollneck. Failure mechanism was discussed in detail, the distributions of contact stress were analyzed, and the service lives of the sleeve for different positions on the inner surface were quantitatively described, which provided an effective means to decrease wear and adhesive damage of the sleeve and to increase the load capacity of oil film bearing and its service life as well.

Influences of preload on the friction and wear properties of high-speed instrument angular contact ball bearings

For starved-oil or solid lubrication of high-speed instrument angular contact ball bearings, friction heating and wear are the main reasons of bearing failures. This paper presents a dynamic wear simulation model to investigate the impacts of different preload methods and the changes of preload caused by wear on bearing wear life. The integral value QV of stress and sliding velocity in the contact ellipses between a ball and the inner and outer races determines friction heating and wear. The changes of QV with the friction coefficient and the wear volume under constantforce preload and fixed-position preload are analyzed. Results show that under the same initial preload, the QV decreases with an increase of the friction coefficient for both preload methods, and the latter is slightly larger. The wear of the ball and the race is equivalent to the ball diameter reduction.The QV of constant-force preload is almost not changed with a decrease of the ball diameter, but for fixed-position preload, the value decreases firstly and then increases substantially due to insufficient preload, and slipping occurs, the ball diameter is reduced by 0.025%, while the preload is reduced by 60.33%. An estimation of the bearing wear life under different preload methods requires a consideration of the changes in the wear rate of bearing parts.

Cage slip characteristics of a cylindrical roller bearing with a trilobe-raceway

Based on dynamic analysis of rolling bearings, the nonlinear dynamic differential equations of a cylindrical roller bearing with a trilobe-raceway were established and solved by the GSTIFF（gear stiff） integer algorithm with a variable step. The influences of structural parameters and the tolerance of the trilobe-raceway, working conditions of the bearing, and the outer ring installation method on cage slip characteristics were investigated. The results show that：（i） The cage slip ratio and bearing rating life of a cylindrical roller bearing with a trilobe-raceway would reduce when the low-radius（radius of the outer raceway contour at the lowest point） and D-value（difference value between the high and low points of the outer raceway contour） decrease, and the former（low-radius） contributes more significantly.（ii） The cage slip ratio of a cylindrical roller bearing with a trilobe-raceway rises with the increase of the bearing speed, and decreases with the increase of the radial force; the variation range increases with the increase of the low-radius.（iii） When the installation angle of the outer ring increases in a period, the cage slip ratio remains unchanged while the bearing rating life rises up a little. Therefore, when installing a cylindrical roller bearing with a trilobe-raceway, the location of the maximum radius shall be under that of the radial force to improve the bearing rating life.（iv） With the increase of the roundness of the base circle where the radius of the lowest points of the trilobe-raceway contour locates, the cage slip ratio rises gradually and the bearing rating life decreases.

A Place to Call Home——Rescued moon bears get to live a decent life

On February 8, 2006, a piece of sad news came out of the Moon Bear Rescue Center in Chengdu, capital city of southwest China's Sichuan Province. Andrew, the first moon bear rescued by the Animals Asia Foundation, which sponsors the center, died of liver cancer, thought to have arisen from the massive infec-

Women Who Believe in Long Life Bear Sons

生男生女历来是人们最关心的问题之一,许多人都希望能按照自己的心愿生男孩或女孩。根据以前的基因科学研究,生男生女并非由女方决定,而主要由男方的性染色体决定。然而本文又将生男生女的责任推给了女性。