Sensory and Physiochemical Comparison of Traditional Bone-In Dry-Aged Beef Loin with Bone-Less Dry Ageing and Ageing Using a Moisture Permeable Bag

Beef loins, were de-boned and left unpackaged (n = 12) or packaged using dry-ageing bags (n = 12). A third batch (n = 12) were not boned out and unpackaged. Loins were aged in a chill at 2°C, with steaks (2.54 cm) tested on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 for % yield, colour, texture, pH, cooking losses and microbiological status. Sensory affective analysis and a novel descriptive method (Ranking Descriptive Analysis) were also performed. The dry aged samples had significantly (P < 0.05) higher moisture losses followed by dry-ageing bag samples and bone-in samples. The bone-in samples scored lower for appearance at 21 days, were juicier, but had more off-flavour. Dry aged beef scored significantly higher than the bone-in samples for overall acceptability, but were not significantly better than the dry-ageing bag samples which had reduced moisture losses and greater tenderness. Microbiologically all treatments performed similarly. There were no significant differences in trim losses between dry-aged samples with or without the use of ageing bags. The sensory methods utilised allowed samples to be assessed hedonically and descriptively in real time without the necessity to freeze samples and without reverse storage design.

不同烹调方法对牛里脊营养和感官品质的影响

以牛里脊为研究对象,分别采用水煮、油煎和真空低温烹调三种烹调方法对牛里脊进行烹调,研究了不同烹调方法对牛里脊营养成分及感官品质的影响。结果表明,采用三种烹调方法烹制的牛里脊的菌落总数和大肠杆菌数均符合国家熟肉制品卫生要求,而采用真空低温烹调方法烹制的牛肉营养损失率和脂肪氧化程度最低,色泽和嫩度等感官品质最佳。综上所述,真空低温烹调方法作为一种新型的烹调方法,较传统烹饪方法而言,能更好地保留牛肉的营养成分和风味成分,具有较高的市场推广价值。

不同烹饪方式的牛里脊质构品质比较

分析不同烹饪方式对黄牛牛里脊质构参数、脂肪酸含量的影响。购买新鲜黄牛牛里脊,分为5等份,分别做生牛里脊、炖制、烤制、油煎、真空低温烹饪。对比烹饪方式对黄牛牛里脊持水力、pH、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、感官品质、色泽、质构参数、脂肪酸含量的影响。真空低温牛里脊的持水力、pH值、粗蛋白、粗脂肪分别为89.98%、6.12、23.69 mg/g、23.69%。牛里脊色泽、嫩度、多汁性、风味评分分别为8.86、8.49、8.84、8.62分,色泽参数L^(*)值、a^(*)值、b^(*)值、c^(*)值、h0值分别为45.15、4.12、14.82、15.39、15.39;质构参数硬度、粘性、弹性、咀嚼性、内聚力、剪切力分别为8.36 N、0.62 N·s、6.98 mm、42.68 N·s、0.42 N/cm2、25.39 N;饱和脂肪酸含量、不饱和脂肪酸含量均较高。真空低温牛里脊与炖制牛里脊、烤制牛里脊、油煎牛里脊持水力、pH、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、感官品质、色泽、质构参数、脂肪酸含量相比,具有统计学差异(p<0.05)。由上述结果可知,不同烹饪的牛里脊与生牛里脊相比,存在一定的微观结构、质构变化和营养物质改变,真空低温烹饪方式下黄牛牛里脊微观结构较为完整,对质构的影响较小,更好的保留脂肪酸等营养成分,符合对黄牛牛里脊的烹饪要求。

高压静电场对牛里脊肉冻结和解冻的保鲜研究

现在各冰箱厂商越来越重视冰箱的保鲜功能,各种保鲜冰箱和带有保鲜模块的冰箱在市场上日益广泛。本文研究了高压静电场对新鲜牛里脊肉在冻结和解冻过程中保鲜效果的提升作用。主要的研究目标为探索高压静电场对牛里脊肉的冻结、解冻曲线和微观的肌纤维细胞的影响。研究发现适当场强的高压静电场在肉的冻结及解冻过程都有提升其保鲜效果的作用。高压静电场作为一种极具潜力的保鲜模块,值得在冰箱上进行广泛研究与应用。