SUBJECTIVE RADE-OFF RATE METHOD OF MULTIOBJECTIVE DECISION-MAKING

This paper proposes a mathod of subjective trade-off rate which describles decision-maker's preferince in multiobjective decision-making. Decision-maker can arbitrarity determine his subjective trade-off rate,but it is not sure to be effective.The paper finds aft effective upper bound of subjective trade-off rate,which is the KuhnThcker multiplier of some mathematical programming.For the anbjective trade-off rate not being larger than the upper bonnd,the solving method and properties of the optimal solution corresponding tile trade-off rate are discussed.The paper lastly develops the process of solving multiobjective decision-making with the subjective trade-off rate method.

上海居民购物行为的时空间特征及其影响因素

基于上海市居民购物行为的问卷调查数据,研究居民购物行为的时空间特征,并从主观决策和客观物质空间的两个方面探讨其影响因素。结果表明,上海市居民购物行为表现出低频率、夜间化、短距离以及非机动与公交出行方式为主的一般特征;商品购物出行的时空间等级明显,但具有分散化和扁平化的特征。其中,不同商品购物活动空间选择因素的不同导致其购物出行范围的等级性差异,而城市商业物质环境和空间分布更多地决定了居民购物行为的具体方式、空间大小和集中程度。