Understanding travel behavior adjustment under COVID-19

The outbreak and spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on transportation system.By analyzing the impact of the pandemic on the transportation system,the impact of the pandemic on the social economy can be reflected to a certain extent,and the effect of anti-pandemic policy implementation can also be evaluated.In addition,the analysis results are expected to provide support for policy optimization.Currently,most of the relevant studies analyze the impact of the pandemic on the overall transportation system from the macro perspective,while few studies quantitatively analyze the impact of the pandemic on individual spatiotemporal travel behavior.Based on the license plate recognition(LPR)data,this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal travel patterns of travelers in each stage of the pandemic progress,quantifies the change of travelers'spatiotemporal behaviors,and analyzes the adjustment of travelers'behaviors under the influence of the pandemic.There are three different behavior adjustment strategies under the influence of the pandemic,and the behavior adjustment is related to the individual's past travel habits.The paper quantitatively assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individual travel behavior.And the method proposed in this paper can be used to quantitatively assess the impact of any long-term emergency on individual micro travel behavior.

Intervention Effect of Repetitive TMS on Behavioral Adjustment After Error Commission in Long-Term Methamphetamine Addicts： Evidence From a Two-Choice Oddball Task

Behavioral adjustment plays an important role in the treatment and relapse of drug addiction. Nonetheless,few studies have examined behavioral adjustment and its plasticity following error commission in methamphetamine（METH） dependence, which is detrimental to human health. Thus, we investigated the behavioral adjustment performance following error commission in long-term METH addicts and how it varied with the application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（r TMS） of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC）. Twenty-nine male long-term METH addicts（for [ 3 years） were randomly assigned to high-frequency（10 Hz, n = 15） or sham（n = 14） r TMS of the left DLPFC during a two-choice oddball task. Twenty-six age-matched, healthy male adults participated in the two-choice oddball task pretest to establish normal performance for comparison. The results showed that 10 Hz r TMS over the left DLPFC significantly decreased the post-error slowing effect in response times of METH addicts. In addition, the 10 Hz r TMS intervention remarkably reduced the reaction times during post-error trials but not post-correct trials. While the 10 Hz r TMS group showed a more pronounced post-error slowing effect than the healthy participants during the pretest, the posterror slowing effect in the posttest of this sample was similar to that in the healthy participants. These results suggest that high-frequency r TMS over the left DLPFC is a useful protocol for the improvement of behavioral adjustment after error commission in long-term METH addicts.