Densification Behavior of Nanocrystalline Mg2Si Compact in Hot-pressing

Densification behavior of nanocrystalline Mg2Si （n-Mg2Si） with grain size about 30-50 nm was investigated by hot-pressing at 400℃. The results indicated that the densification process of n-Mg2Si exhibited three linear segments： p〈0.3 GPa, 0.3 GPa〈p〈1.2 GPa, and p〉1.2 GPa determined by Heckel formula, among which the third fast increasing segment in high pressure range p〉1.2 GPa has seldom been reported in conventional coarse-grained polycrystalline materials. Nevertheless, in the whole pressure range （0.125-1.500 GPa） investigated the densification behavior of n-Mg2Si can be well described by a Kawakita formula p/C=（1/a）p＋ 1/（ab） with constant α=0.452 being in good agreement with the initial porosity of the compact.

In vitro and in vivo studies on pure Mg, Mg-1Ca and Mg-2Sr alloys processed by equal channel angular pressing

In the present work,the biomedical as-cast pure Mg,Mg–1 Ca and Mg–2 Sr alloys were processed with equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)technique to develop ultrafine microstructure within the materials,and their microstructures,mechanical properties,degradation behavior,cytocompatibility in vitro and biocompatibility in vivo were studied comprehensively.Finer-gained microstructures and improved mechanical properties of these three materials after ECAP were confirmed compared to their as-cast counterparts.Moreover,after ECAP the degradation rate of pure Mg was increased while that of Mg–1 Ca or Mg–2 Sr alloys decreased compared to the ascast counterparts.Additionally,good in vitro cytocompatibility and in vivo biocompatibility of these three materials were revealed by cell cultural tests using osteoblastic MC3 T3-E1 and human mesenchymal stem cells(h MSC)and in vivo animal tests at the lateral epicondyle of SD-rats’femur.This study offers an alternative powerful avenue to achieve good comprehensive properties of magnesium-based biodegradable metals.It might also help to extend the applied range of magnesium-based biodegradable metals in orthopedic field.

Finite element simulation of real cavity closure in cast Ti6Al4V alloy during hot isostatic pressing

The healing behavior of shrinkage cavity inside the cast Ti6Al4V alloy during hot isostatic pressing(HIP)was investigated experimentally by interrupted hot isostatic pressing tests.The X-ray micro computed tomography was used to record the morphology changes before and after hot isostatic pressing.The two-dimensional geometry obtained by the microCT scan was used in simulation to study the evolution of the real shrinkage cavity during hot isostatic pressing.Shrinkage cavities,shrinkage porosity and small gas pores can be effectively eliminated under proper HIP conditions.The two-dimensional morphology in the simulation results agrees well with the experimental results.This study reveals that plastic deformation,creep and diffusion are the main mechanisms of cavity closure during hot isostatic pressing.In addition,the simplified elliptical pores with aspect ratios at different positions were used to replace the real pores to further study the factors affecting the position of dimples after HIP by simulation.It is found that the position of the dimples mainly depends on the aspect ratio of the elliptical pore and the distance between the pore surface and the external surface of the geometric model.

Corrosion behavior of ultra-fine grained industrial pure Al fabricated by ECAP

Corrosion behavior of ultra-fine grained(UFG) industrial Al fabricated by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) for 16 pass times was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization test,potentiostatic polarization test,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) measurement,immersion test and surface analyses (OM and SEM). The microstructures including grain size,grain boundaries and dislocations were also observed by TEM. The results show that the UFG industrial pure Al has more positive pitting potential,less corrosion current density and five times larger passive film resistance compared with the coarse grained(CG) one. It was found that the increased pitting resistance is profited from the more stable passive film kept in the Cl-aggressive solution due to more grain boundaries,larger fraction of non-equilibrium grain boundaries and residual stress of the UFG industrial pure Al.

The Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior Evaluation of Ce-TZP/Al_(2)O_(3)Nanocomposites

Ce-TZP/Al2O3 nanocomposites were prepared from mixture of self-made Ce-TZP nanometer powder and commercial A12O3 powder by hot-pressing method. Influences of nanometer ZrO2 particles on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Ce-TZP/Al2O3 ceramics were investigated. Meanwhile, t-—m transformation toughening mechanism was investigated by x-ray diffractometry (XRD) method, and deflection of samples under applied stress were recorded too. The results show that when the percentage of ZrO2 was 20%, the mechanical properties and microstructures of materials were preferential. Additionally, TEM observation show that dislocation structures form both in the A12O3 grain and on the A12O3 grain boundary.

Effects of TiB2 Content on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Low-Cobalt Ti（C,N）-TiB2 Cermets Fabricated by Vacuum Hot Pressing

Ti(C,N)-TiB2 cermets were fabricated from Ti(C,N), TiB2, Co and WC powder mixtures via a vacuum hot pressing process. The influence of TiB2 content on their microstructures and mechanical properties was investigated. As a result of the elevated TiB2 contents, two types of corerim microstructures were present in the Ti(C,N)-TiB2 cermets, and remarkably improved mechanical properties were achieved. With the increase of TiB2 content, the flexural strength, fracture toughness and hardness of the Ti(C,N)-TiB2 cermets first increased, and then decreased, while their relative density consistently decreased. Attributed to an integration of the intergranular and intrangranular fracture behaviors, the Ti(C,N)-TiB2 cermets with 20 wt% TiB2 content exhibited the best overall properties with the relative density, hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength at 99.3%, 1 995 HV, 7.92 MPa·m1/2 and 1 114 MPa, respectively. The underlying mechanism for their enhanced properties was studied in detail.

未固化预浸料在热模压预成型过程中的黏弹性行为研究

在热模压预成型过程中,压力对最终产品的性能和质量有重要影响。本文研究了未固化预浸料层合板在不同铺层方向、压缩距离、压缩速度及厚度下的压缩和松弛行为。结果表明,幂律模型能准确描述热模压过程中预浸料受外力压缩时的应力变化,广义Maxwell模型和考虑应变历史的分数阶黏弹性模型能描述预浸料的应力松弛过程,拟合曲线与实验点吻合良好,R^(2)均大于0.96。相较于广义Maxwell模型,分数阶黏弹性模型所需确定的参数少,物理意义明确,更适合描述预浸料在热模压过程中应力松弛时的黏弹性变形过程。

Li对7075铝合金钻杆材料微观组织与摩擦磨损行为的影响

采用热压烧结制备7075-(0%,0.5%,1%,2%,质量分数,下同)Li合金,研究Li对7075铝合金微观组织及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:7075-0.5Li合金在60 kN烧结压力下致密度可达到99%以上。铝合金由α-Al相、η相和S'相组成;随着Li含量增加至2%,η相减少,δ'相、δ相增多,但α-Al仍为主相。铝合金的硬度和磨损率分别为71.25HV和3.50×10^(-3)mm^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1),随Li含量增加,铝锂合金硬度降低,磨损率升高,但7075-0.5Li比铝合金的硬度更高,磨损率更低。7075-Li合金均发生了氧化磨损,同时还发生了黏着磨损。铝锂合金随Li含量增加,η相减少,硬度降低,Al2O3脆性大从而与基体结合较弱,微观组织枝晶间距增大,导致合金由磨粒磨损逐渐转变为黏着磨损,耐磨性能逐渐降低。与铝合金相比,热压烧结制备的7075-0.5Li合金显示了更好的耐磨性能。

Investigation into the tribological behaviors of press hardening steels on the tailored conditions

There has been a growing demand for safety parts with tailored properties in automobile industry.However,the understanding of tribological behavior of press hardening steels(PHS)on the tailored conditions is highly inadequate.The present work aims at creating new knowledge about the tribological characteristics of PHS on the tailored conditions and bridging this existing gap.The paper proposes an improved hot drawing tribo-simulator to simulate the realistic experimental conditions industry.Investigations were carried out on the condition of different initial heating temperatures,tool temperatures,austenitizing temperatures,cooling rates and microstructures.The presented results show that the whole frictional process is divided into three stages for both coated and uncoated steels.The frictional factor changes a lot and the peak value of frictional factor occurs for serious adhesive wear.The frictional factor rises as the tool temperature and austenitizing temperature rise.The surface morphology of tools indicates that the coating adhering to tool gets thicker as the tool temperature increases.With the increase of cooling rate,the frictional factor declines firstly and then rises to some extent.Flat dies with different temperatures are used to form specimens with different microstructures,which also affects the frictional factor and wear.

认知行为疗法联合耳穴压豆干预高职院校互联网成瘾综合征大学生的效果观察

目的 观察认知行为疗法联合耳穴压豆干预高职院校互联网成瘾综合征大学生的效果。方法 选择我院的IAD学生共计60例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各30例。对照组开展线上+线下结合的认知行为疗法干预。观察组在对照组基础上加用耳穴压豆。观察两组的干预效果、智能手机成瘾量表评分、Barratt冲动量表评分。结果 在疗效方面,观察组总有效率93.33%,显效率66.67%,均高于对照组(P<0.05)。在成瘾情况比较,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);在冲动情况比较,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 认知行为疗法联合耳穴压豆干预高职院校互联网成瘾综合征大学生的效果观察,可以改善学生的相关症状,缓解成瘾性和冲动感。

揿针结合重复经颅磁刺激治疗孤独症谱系障碍合并注意缺陷多动障碍临床研究

目的:观察揿针结合重复经颅磁刺激治疗孤独症谱系障碍合并注意缺陷多动障碍的临床疗效。方法:选择孤独症谱系障碍合并注意缺陷多动障碍患儿72例,按就诊顺序的奇偶数分为治疗组和对照组各36例。两组患儿均接受常规康复训练(言语训练、感觉统合训练和结构化教学),在此基础上,对照组增加重复经颅磁刺激治疗,治疗组增加揿针和重复经颅磁刺激治疗。两组患儿均连续治疗8周。比较两组患儿治疗前后的康奈尔儿童多动症行为诊断量表评分(康奈尔量表评分)和斯诺佩评估量表(SNAP-Ⅳ量表)评分。结果:治疗后,两组患儿的康奈尔量表评分和SNAP-Ⅳ量表各维度评分(注意力不足评分、多动评分、对立违抗评分和总分)均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05);治疗组康奈尔量表评分和SNAP-Ⅳ量表注意力不足评分、多动评分、总分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:揿针结合重复经颅磁刺激可明显缓解孤独症谱系障碍合并注意力缺陷多动障碍患儿的临床症状,疗效确切。

高聚物黏结炸药的压制成型性

为了获得高聚物黏结炸药(PBX)压制成型的基本规律,对TATB基PBX进行等静压压制试验,研究了PBX压制过程中的一些力学行为,通过对力学和物理性能测试及SEM分析,得到PBX的微显结构和在成型过程中的性能参数变化规律。结果表明,在PBX颗粒压制成型过程中,成型件的密度、泊松比、压缩模量和压缩强度与压力呈对数函数关系。成型件泊松比、压缩强度与压缩模量随成型密度的增加快速增大。延长保压时间可以有效提高压实密度,使成型效果更好。

纯铝等径角挤技术(Ⅱ)——变形行为模拟

通过有限元模拟和坐标网格,对纯铝等径角挤过程的变形行为进行了模拟和试验。结果表明,纯铝在单道次等径角挤压过程中所需的载荷随着样品位移的增加大致可分为快速增加、缓慢增加、快速增加、载荷值趋于稳定、载荷下降5个阶段。由于样品外部在主要变形区的流动速率比样品内部的快,因而样品在等径角挤压过程中会出现不均匀变形,样品底部沿宽度方向的塑性变形量明显少于样品顶部和中部的,坐标网格法实验结果也证明了这一点。在等径角挤压过程中,样品不同部位的应力状态不一致,样品内部存在压应力→拉应力的转变,样品外部存在压应力→拉应力→压应力的转变。摩擦消除后,有效应变有所增加,但并不能降低样品变形的不均匀性;采用尖角模具既能产生更大的剪切应变,又能提高变形的均匀性。

高轴压比钢-混凝土组合剪力墙压弯性能试验研究

通过对13片不同形式的高轴压比、大剪跨比剪力墙进行往复水平力加载试验,研究墙体两端暗柱设置型钢、墙身增设内藏钢板等形式组合剪力墙的压弯承载力、延性性能及破坏机理。试验结果表明:基本试件、两端暗柱设置型钢试件、内藏钢板试件的破坏过程相近,两端暗柱设置型钢试件和内藏钢板试件裂缝条数较多、宽度较小,内藏钢板试件的破坏情况相对较轻;两端暗柱设置型钢、增设内藏钢板,对压弯承载力、变形能力提高显著;组合剪力墙轴压比计算可以计入两端型钢和内藏钢板的作用。根据试验结果,提出钢板组合剪力墙压弯承载力计算的建议公式。

等径角挤压制备的超细晶AZ91D镁合金块材的腐蚀行为

采用原位腐蚀、全浸泡腐蚀和电化学腐蚀,研究等径角挤压制备的超细晶AZ91D镁合金块材在3.5%(质量分数)氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:超细晶AZ91D镁合金中α固溶体晶粒细小(1～2μm);铸态组织中网状β相被破碎、细化成10μm左右的粒子,孤立且均匀分布于α固溶体上;形变细化降低合金在含氯介质中的耐蚀性,表现出更严重的腐蚀形貌、更快的腐蚀速度、极化测试中更大的腐蚀电流密度、电化学阻抗频谱中更小的极化电阻,且合金腐蚀行为由局部腐蚀转变成严重的均匀腐蚀。引起合金块材耐蚀性下降因素有2个:一是形变α固溶体的化学活性较高(源于应变产生的大量高能晶体缺陷,如大角度晶界、高密度位错等);二是细化的β相丧失了阻滞腐蚀介质向α固溶体扩展的屏障作用。

铌基表面MoSi_2涂层的制备及其高温抗氧化性能

为了提高纯铌材料的高温抗氧化性能,采用热压烧结技术在纯铌表面制备了MoSi2涂层,利用水玻璃对涂层进行浸泡处理,分析了热压烧结制备涂层的微观组织,探讨了涂层在1200℃的高温氧化行为。结果表明,热压制备的MoSi2涂层端面的致密度远高于侧面涂层的致密度。铌基/MoSi2涂层在1200℃氧化20 h后涂层失效。通过水玻璃浸泡处理后,铌基/MoSi2涂层氧化80 h仍然保持完整,归因于水玻璃高温分解的SiO2对涂层孔隙的封闭作用和MoSi2涂层氧化过程产生的玻璃态SiO2氧化膜的阻挡作用。

循环形变对超细晶铜室温拉伸行为的影响

研究了循环形变处理对等通道转角挤压方法(ECAP)制备的超细晶铜(UFG—Cu)室温拉伸行为的影响.与制备态 相比,循环形变处理后UFG—Cu的塑性变形行为发生了明显的变化,在应力-应变曲线上出现流变应力的平台区,在此区域没 有应变硬化和颈缩发生,均匀延伸率由制备态的约2％提高到约6％.探讨了该阶段变形的机制以及导致这种变化的可能因素.

等径角挤压制备的超细晶Al-5%Cu合金块材的腐蚀行为

采用全浸泡腐蚀和电化学腐蚀研究等径角挤压制备的超细晶铝铜合金块材在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:超细晶铝铜合金中基体相α(Al)晶粒细小(为200～300nm);铸态组织中网状θ相(Al2Cu)破碎、细化成10μm左右的颗粒并均匀分布于形变α(Al)基体上;形变细化提高铝铜合金在氯化钠介质中的耐蚀性能,表现出全浸泡腐蚀中更轻的腐蚀程度、电化学测试中更大的极化电阻、更正的自腐蚀电位和点蚀电位、更小的腐蚀电流密度。

PBX压制过程中细观力学行为的二维数值模拟

应用圆形近似,建立了炸药颗粒随机分布的细观力学模型。进行了基于物质点法的奥克托今(HMX)基高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)炸药压制过程中力学行为的数值模拟。重点分析了压制过程中体系的应力和温度的变化以及晶体颗粒的变形。模拟结果表明,压制过程可以分为整合和巩固两个阶段。在整合阶段,颗粒受到压力而重新排列,应力产生于颗粒与压缩面的接触部分,并形成了多条的应力链。应力链沿炸药颗粒间的接触面向上和向下传播,体系在受力的过程中温度逐渐升高,体系局部最大温升为10K。体系进入巩固阶段的塑性形变过程后,内部应力梯度减小,同时体系内部明显存在温差,最大温差为20K。

钼钨合金烧结致密化行为

采用原位测量法研究了放电等离子烧结与真空热压烧结Mo–30W合金收缩和致密化行为。研究结果表明:采用放电等离子烧结Mo–30W合金时,1200℃以下Mo–30W合金以膨胀为主,1200℃以上合金开始剧烈收缩,1600℃以上合金收缩趋于停止,在降温阶段合金有较大收缩,温度接近室温时,收缩基本停止。经过1600℃放电等离子烧结后合金的相对密度可达93%以上,优于相同温度下真空热压烧结合金的相对密度89.98%。