Objective Tuberculosis remains a severe public health issue, and the Beijing family of mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） is widespread in East Asia, especially in some areas in China, like Beijing and Tia...Objective Tuberculosis remains a severe public health issue, and the Beijing family of mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） is widespread in East Asia, especially in some areas in China, like Beijing and Tianjin. This study aimed at determining the mutation patterns of drug-resistant Beijing strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from Tianjin, China. Methods A total of 822 M. tuberculosis isolates were screened for drug resistance by an absolute concentration method and the genotype was identified by PCR. 169 drug-resistant isolates of the Beijing family were analyzed for the potential mutations in the rpoB, katG, inhA promoter region and in rpsL, rrs and embB genes, which are associated with resistance to rifampin （RFP）, isoniazid （INH）, streptomycin （SM） and ethambutol （EMB） respectively by PCR and DNA sequencing. Results Fifty-eight out of 63 RFP-resistant isolates were found to carry the mutations within the 81-bp RFP resistance determining region （RRDR） of the rpoB gene and the most frequent mutations occurred at codon 531 （44.4%）, 526 （28.6%）, and 516 （7.9%） respectively. 16 mutation pattems affecting 12 different codons around the RRDR of rpoB were found. Of 116 INH-resistant isolates, 56 （48.3%） had the mutation of katG 315 （AGC→ACC） （Ser→Thr）, 3 （2.6%） carried S315N （AGC→AAC） and 27 （16.0%） had the mutation of inhA-15A→T. 84 out of 122 SM-resistant isolates （68.9%） displayed mutations at the codons 43 or 88 with AAG→AGG （Lys→Arg） of the rpsL gene and 22 （18.0%） with the mutations at positions 513A→C, 516C→T or 905 A→G in the rrs gene. Of 34 EMB-resistant isolates, 6 had mutation with M306V （ATG→GTG）, 3 with M306I （ATG→ATT）, 1 with M306I （ATG→ATA）, 1 with D328Y （GAT→TAT）, 1 with V348L （GTC→CTC）, and 1 with G406S （GGC→AGC） in the embB gene. Conelusion These novel findings extended our understanding of resistance-related mutations in the Beijing strains of M. tuberculosis and may provide a scientific basis for development of new strategies for diagnosis and control of tuberculosis in China and other countries where Beijing strains are prevalent.展开更多
Family Box,an educational and recreational family center from the United Kingdom,held its opening ceremony at Wangjing,Chaoyang District,Beijing on December 6,2009.
IN order to understand the family situation of Beijingers, the Research Office of Family and Marriage under the Research Department of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences conducted a large-scale random survey. It w...IN order to understand the family situation of Beijingers, the Research Office of Family and Marriage under the Research Department of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences conducted a large-scale random survey. It was conducted in eight urban and rural areas of Beijing, where researchers collected information on 1,920 cases from 48 neighborhood committees of 16 residential districts. The interviewers devised a way to interview people in their homes and had them fill out forms at the same time. These very typical examples reflect the changing views Beijingers have about family life during the process of urbanization and industrialization in recent years.展开更多
Background Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat （MIRU-VNTR） and Beijing family typing based on detecting the deletion of RD105 sequence are two common genotyping methods used to ...Background Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat （MIRU-VNTR） and Beijing family typing based on detecting the deletion of RD105 sequence are two common genotyping methods used to study the molecular epidemiologic characteristics of Mycobacterium （M.） tuberculosis. We collected 218 strains of M. tuberculosis between 2004 and 2006 in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu province in Northwest China. Methods MIRU-VNTR analysis and Beijing family typing based on detecting the deletion of RD105 sequence were used to type the 218 strains, and their typing power was evaluated to look for practical and efficient genotyping methods suitable for the region. Results The MIRU typing yielded 115 distinct genotypes, including 98 unique isolates and 17 different clusters containing 120 isolates （55.05%）; the cluster rate was 47.25%. By detecting the deletion of RD105 sequence, 188 of 218 （86.23%） isolates belonged to Beijing family. Combination of Beijing family typing and MIRU typing yielded 118 distinct patterns, including 101 unique isolates and 17 clusters containing 117 isolates （54.13%）. The largest cluster contained 58 strains with MIRU genotype of 223325173533 which contained 50 strains belonging to Beijing family and 8 strains belonging to non-Beijing family. Conclusions The Beijing family strains occupied a large proportion and the Beijing family MIRU genotype 223325173533 is a dominant strain in Linxia of Gansu. Combining detecting the deletion of RD105 and MIRU typing together provides a simple, fast, and effective method which is low in cost and might be practical and suitable for M. tuberculosis aenotvDina in China.展开更多
基金supported by National Science Key Grant(2008ZX10003-009).
文摘Objective Tuberculosis remains a severe public health issue, and the Beijing family of mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） is widespread in East Asia, especially in some areas in China, like Beijing and Tianjin. This study aimed at determining the mutation patterns of drug-resistant Beijing strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from Tianjin, China. Methods A total of 822 M. tuberculosis isolates were screened for drug resistance by an absolute concentration method and the genotype was identified by PCR. 169 drug-resistant isolates of the Beijing family were analyzed for the potential mutations in the rpoB, katG, inhA promoter region and in rpsL, rrs and embB genes, which are associated with resistance to rifampin （RFP）, isoniazid （INH）, streptomycin （SM） and ethambutol （EMB） respectively by PCR and DNA sequencing. Results Fifty-eight out of 63 RFP-resistant isolates were found to carry the mutations within the 81-bp RFP resistance determining region （RRDR） of the rpoB gene and the most frequent mutations occurred at codon 531 （44.4%）, 526 （28.6%）, and 516 （7.9%） respectively. 16 mutation pattems affecting 12 different codons around the RRDR of rpoB were found. Of 116 INH-resistant isolates, 56 （48.3%） had the mutation of katG 315 （AGC→ACC） （Ser→Thr）, 3 （2.6%） carried S315N （AGC→AAC） and 27 （16.0%） had the mutation of inhA-15A→T. 84 out of 122 SM-resistant isolates （68.9%） displayed mutations at the codons 43 or 88 with AAG→AGG （Lys→Arg） of the rpsL gene and 22 （18.0%） with the mutations at positions 513A→C, 516C→T or 905 A→G in the rrs gene. Of 34 EMB-resistant isolates, 6 had mutation with M306V （ATG→GTG）, 3 with M306I （ATG→ATT）, 1 with M306I （ATG→ATA）, 1 with D328Y （GAT→TAT）, 1 with V348L （GTC→CTC）, and 1 with G406S （GGC→AGC） in the embB gene. Conelusion These novel findings extended our understanding of resistance-related mutations in the Beijing strains of M. tuberculosis and may provide a scientific basis for development of new strategies for diagnosis and control of tuberculosis in China and other countries where Beijing strains are prevalent.
文摘Family Box,an educational and recreational family center from the United Kingdom,held its opening ceremony at Wangjing,Chaoyang District,Beijing on December 6,2009.
文摘IN order to understand the family situation of Beijingers, the Research Office of Family and Marriage under the Research Department of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences conducted a large-scale random survey. It was conducted in eight urban and rural areas of Beijing, where researchers collected information on 1,920 cases from 48 neighborhood committees of 16 residential districts. The interviewers devised a way to interview people in their homes and had them fill out forms at the same time. These very typical examples reflect the changing views Beijingers have about family life during the process of urbanization and industrialization in recent years.
文摘Background Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat （MIRU-VNTR） and Beijing family typing based on detecting the deletion of RD105 sequence are two common genotyping methods used to study the molecular epidemiologic characteristics of Mycobacterium （M.） tuberculosis. We collected 218 strains of M. tuberculosis between 2004 and 2006 in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu province in Northwest China. Methods MIRU-VNTR analysis and Beijing family typing based on detecting the deletion of RD105 sequence were used to type the 218 strains, and their typing power was evaluated to look for practical and efficient genotyping methods suitable for the region. Results The MIRU typing yielded 115 distinct genotypes, including 98 unique isolates and 17 different clusters containing 120 isolates （55.05%）; the cluster rate was 47.25%. By detecting the deletion of RD105 sequence, 188 of 218 （86.23%） isolates belonged to Beijing family. Combination of Beijing family typing and MIRU typing yielded 118 distinct patterns, including 101 unique isolates and 17 clusters containing 117 isolates （54.13%）. The largest cluster contained 58 strains with MIRU genotype of 223325173533 which contained 50 strains belonging to Beijing family and 8 strains belonging to non-Beijing family. Conclusions The Beijing family strains occupied a large proportion and the Beijing family MIRU genotype 223325173533 is a dominant strain in Linxia of Gansu. Combining detecting the deletion of RD105 and MIRU typing together provides a simple, fast, and effective method which is low in cost and might be practical and suitable for M. tuberculosis aenotvDina in China.
