Destination and Alienation:Spiritual Belongingness in My Antonia

The backdrop of Willa Cather's works is usually set on the prairie of West Nebraska.She focuses on the depiction of the life style and spirit of the farmers working in the harsh environment of the west,and her work is a loving tribute to the tough and pioneering spirit of its people.She also depicts the spiritual alienation of the various immigrants who move away from home to settle down in the west,exploring their hardship and disillusionment.My Antonia is just this kind of work,which features Jim Burden and his quest of an Antonianized prairie,pregnant with touching nostalgia for a rural past in the west threatened by the multiple complications of an overdeveloping modern world.The thesis aims to dissect the state of spiritual belongingness of the novel's several characters,and analyze their respective implication.

Factors influencing the belongingness of nursing students in clinical nursing: a scope overview

This paper reviews the published literature according to the Arksey and O’Malley’framework in order to determine the factors that influencing factors of nursing interns'belongingness in clinical nursing.Five influencing factors were extracted from 11 included studies:nursing students themselves,clinical teacher,clinical placement environment,relationships with patients and their families.

Linking Hong Kong Secondary Students' School Belongingness with Pre-School Characteristics, School Experiences, and Out-of-Class Experiences

Framed with the model of Cashmore et al.(2011),this study examined the pattern of school belongingness of Hong Kong students with their pre-school characteristics,school experiences,and out-of-class experiences using PISA 2015 data.The total sample included 4703 Hong Kong secondary school students aged 15.Regression analysis revealed that Hong Kong secondary students9 school belongingness was predicted by pre-school characteristics,school experiences,and out-of-class experiences.Compared with two other categories of variables,out-of-class experiences had a stronger prediction in terms of peer relationships.Overall,family socioeconomic status(SES),student performance,selfmotivation,student-teacher ratio,and peer relationship were positive predictors,whereas school size was negatively predictive.In addition,the relationships of school belongingness with three categories of variables differed by immigrant status.Immigrant children had a greater sense of school belonging than local students.The findings add to the existing literature and may have implications for school administrators and teachers in relevant areas.

Relationship between clinical belonging,professional identity,and nursing information ability among nursing interns:Model construction

BACKGROUND Clinical belonging refers to the feeling that clinical medical staff feel recognized and accepted by others or groups.The level of clinical belonging of nursing interns affects students’learning motivation and confidence,which in turn affects their clinical practice behavior.AIM To explore the effects of professional identity and nursing information ability on clinical belonging among nursing interns and establish a relationship model for these factors.METHODS The researchers used the convenience sampling method to select 682 nursing interns from China.The survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire,clinical sense of belonging scale,nursing information ability self-assessment scale,and a nursing student professional identity questionnaire.The mediating effect of nursing information ability between their professional identity and clinical sense of belonging was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and the path analysis in structural equation modeling.RESULTS The total scores of clinical belonging,professional identity,and nursing information ability of nursing interns were(104.29±13.11)points,(57.89±7.16)points,and(70.29±6.20)points,respectively.Nursing information ability had a direct effect on the clinical sense of belonging(effect value=0.46,P<0.05).Occupational identity had a direct effect(effect value=0.52,P<0.05)and an indirect effect(effect value=0.21,P<0.05)on clinical belonging.CONCLUSION Nursing administrators in nursing colleges and hospitals should take effective measures to improve the professional identity and nursing information ability of nursing interns,as well as the clinical sense of belonging among nursing interns.

The Quest for Haven in Sister Carrie

This essay analyses Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie through the lens of cultural studies,examining the portrayal of domesticity and the quest for an ideal home in late-nineteenth-century America.It explores the complex relationships between the main characters,Carrie and Hurstwood,and their families,as well as their struggles with materialism and alienation.Through close analysis of societal context,the characters’familial backgrounds and emotional yearnings,the essay delves into the characters’longing for stability and belonging and their journey toward understanding the true essence of dwelling amidst the changing urban landscape.It argues that Dreiser’s novel critiques the superficial pursuit of material comforts and highlights the importance of introspection and self-discovery in finding lasting happiness amidst societal turmoil.Ultimately,through the prism of domesticity,the essay delves into broader themes of identity,belonging,and existential fulfillment in a heartless society marked by materialism and alienation.

Campus Connectedness and Its Relationship to Stress, Anxiety and Depression among Nepalese Undergraduate Nursing Students

Background: Campus connectedness is a kind of social connectedness that determines the students’ perception of their belonging to the other populace of the campus that includes students, teachers, administrators, and other staff. Campus connectedness plays a significant role in determining stress, anxiety, and depression among students. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship of campus connectedness to stress, anxiety, and depression among nursing students. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 680 undergraduate nursing students from nine nursing colleges affiliated with a university in Kathmandu Valley. Data were collected from June 1, 2018, through July 10, 2018. Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale and Campus Connectedness Scale were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test was used to examine the relationship of campus connectedness to stress, anxiety, and depression. Discriminant analysis was done as a follow-up procedure to MANOVA. Results: Students had moderate to extremely severe levels of depression (51.7%), anxiety (72.9%) and stress (47%). High campus connectedness score was observed (M = 62.42;SD = 9.79). Statistically significant differences were found among the levels of campus connectedness on the outcome variables, Wilks’ lambda (λ) = 0.90, F(3, 676) = 24.56, p < 0.001. Depression demonstrated the strongest relationship with the discriminant function. Conclusions: There was a significant relationship of campus connectedness to stress, anxiety, and depression. Despite the high level of campus connectedness, students had moderate to severe levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. The campus adminstration must take measures and efforts to provide conducive environment and counseling services for the wellbeing of their students.

基于马斯洛需求层次理论的灾后心理危机干预模式的构建与应用

介绍基于马斯洛需求层次理论的灾后心理危机干预模式(psychological crisis intervention model based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,PCIMM)的概念、结构、常见危机问题与干预措施,以及应用效果。应用研究表明,PCIMM是灾后心理危机干预的一种新理念,能够有效改善危机个体的心理状态、应对能力、生理症状,帮助其摆脱危机状态,提高社会适应能力。

Design of Public Communication Spaces in Urban Highrises:A Case Study of Xuzhou Hanbang Square Residential Area

Highrise residences with high plot ratio meet housing needs of urban residents, improve living conditions of residents, but also show many unreasonable problems in the design of public communication spaces with a result of interpersonal indifference and lack of sense of identity. This paper took Xuzhou Hanbang Square for example to explore strategies of improving public communication spaces in highrises from the perspectives of entrance lobby, open-floor ground design, ecological garage, and three-level property management. On the one hand, the paper tries to improve quality of residential environment and service quality of public facilities; on the other hand, to enhance sense of neighborhood and identity of residents, and change the current interpersonal indifference.

Exploration of Community Image Construction Based on CIS——Take Taizhou Open University as an Example

CIS strategy has been widely used in enterprise management,which brings economic and social benefits to enterprises.Based on the introduction of CIS strategic connotation,implementation effect and shaping cases,the purpose of this paper is to improve the image of adult education community,strengthen the construction and management level of community,enhance the attraction of community,and promote the high quality development of adult open education.

Ecological Distribution and Significance of Metadiaptomus asiaticus Uljanirs,a Copepod Recently Found on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

1 Introduction In 2006,plankton investigation was carried out in the lakes in Ali district,Tibet.7 planktonic crustaceans were identified and reported.Metadiaptomus asiaticus Uljanirs was reported for the first time on the QTP(Yuan et al.,2007).However,detailed data on this species,especially its ecological significance,were not mentioned.In this

The impact of a sense of belonging on lethargy and career maturity

In this study, the authors treated a combination of psychological apathy and decreased motivation as a tendency to lethargy, and implemented a survey into the tendency to lethargy demonstrated by students, in order to study the impact of a sense of belonging in the four relationships between the student and the people considered most likely to be interacted with during university life—those with family, friends at university, friends outside university and boyfriend/girlfriend. In addition, the authors implemented a survey and study that included additional categories relating to career maturity. The study was performed on 250 university students, using an anonymous questionnaire that graded responses using criteria to measure a sense of belonging, psychological apathy characteristics, areas of decreased motivation, and career maturity. The subjects were classified by the school year to which they belonged, their gender, and whether or not they had a boyfriend/girlfriend, and consideration was given to the relationship between psychological apathy, decreased motivation, career maturity and a sense of belonging. In terms of gender difference in regard to each of the criteria, partially, the study indicated that male students score significantly higher than female students in terms of a sense of belonging, females score significantly higher than males for decreased motivation in regard to classes, and males score significantly higher than females in relation to career maturity. No significant difference in scores was noted between males and females in relation to psychological apathy. The impact of a sense of belonging on psychological apathy, decreased motivation and career motivation was seen in the fact that across all categories, those students with a good relationship with friends at university had a suppressed level of decreased motivation in regard to university by the portions given in this document.

Pit Chains Belonging to Radiating Graben-Fissure Systems on Venus: Model for Formation during Lateral Dyke Injection

Pits are circular to elliptical,steep-sided,flat-bottomed depressions interpreted to form from collapse into a cavity.They occur on Earth,Venus and Mars and range in diameter from;00 m to several kilometres(e.g.

Construction of the Sense of Belonging of Place Spirit in the Renovation of Historical Blocks: A Case Study of Ancient Town Street of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Hekou, Qianshan

The renovation of historical blocks often stays at the material level of buildings, ignoring the deeper spiritual level, which can not arouse people’s sense of belonging to the city memory. Based on the protection of local Qianshan area culture, taking Hekou ancient town street of Ming and Qing Dynasty as an example, with the construction of place spirit and sense of belonging as the primary goal, and combining the history and culture of the city, the current situation of the streets and the characteristics of the buildings, this paper put forward the relevant renovation measures to provide a kind of thinking for the refined and rational renovation of the blocks in the future.

Nursing students’experiences of horizontal violence and occupational belonging during clinical placements

Background:Horizontal violence has negatively affected the students’active learning,interpersonal relationship,and occupational belonging.However,little attention has been paid to the relationship between horizontal violence and occupational belonging among nursing students.Objective:The objective of this study was to explore the frequency,types,perpetrators,effects,and responses of horizontal violence experienced by nursing students and the relationship between occupational belonging and horizontal violence.Materials and Methods:The present study used a descriptive,cross-sectional survey design.The data were collected from the 277 undergraduate nursing students selected by convenience sampling method using personal characteristics form,horizontal violence survey,and occupational belonging subscale at nursing faculty in Istanbul.Results:The first three horizontal violence behaviors experienced by nursing students were found,respectively:being forced to do trivial and unimportant work which are not the students’responsibility(84.1%),being exposed to sarcastic remarks by nurses(80.9%)and unwillingness of the nurse to help and lack of support(80.9%)and being ignored by nurses(77.3%).Nearly half of the students(48.4%)considered leaving nursing profession as a result of horizontal violence.There was a negative relation between horizontal violence and occupational belonging(P<0.05).As horizontal violence scores increased,occupational belonging scores decreased.Conclusions:Findings from this study shown that horizontal violence decreasing occupational belonging,and so nursing students consider leaving nursing profession or education.Further studies are needed to better demonstrate addressing the horizontal violence bilaterally and the effective preventive interventions.

Twin Cities A Matter of Identity and Belonging

The term ＂twin cities＂ refers to a program in which cities from different places in the world form a ＂twinning＂ alliance that serves as a setting for educational, cultural, political, and social collaborations （Grosspietsch 2009）. The purpose of the program is to promote the twin cities in all aspects of life （Jayne, Hubbard, and Bell 2013） and facilitate a feeling of belonging and identity among their residents （Ogawa 2012）. In the current study, the cities of Beer Sheva and Nahariya were taken as case studies for examining the contribution of the program to promoting residents＇ feeling of belonging to their Jewish identity. Specifically, the current study attempted to examine the effect of town of residence and age group on feeling of belonging, and whether familiarity with the Twin Cities program affected the feeling of belonging to Jewish identity, in the assumption that residents familiar with the program would report a stronger feeling of belonging than residents not familiar with it. The study included 147 participants aged 17-64, of them 80 residents of Beer Sheva and 67 of Nahariya. All the participants were recruited to the study voluntarily and were requested to complete an online self-report questionnaire examining feeling of belonging to Jewish identity. Moreover, an interview was conducted with the representative of the delegations at the Amal school in Nahariya, to reaffirm the findings. The research findings refuted the main research assumption that the Twin Cities program would influence the feeling of belonging. In fact, the current study indicates that no correlation was found between feeling of belonging and any of the research measures, aside from religiosity. Furthermore, and in contrast to the hypothesis, the research findings indicate that participants who were not familiar with the program reported a stronger feeling of belonging than participants who were familiar with it. Due to the surprising findings, the current study raises the possibility that the Twin Cities program is undergoing a process of change and thus promotes individual values more than collective values. This contention changes the essential purpose of the program and this is the significance of the current study.

“What Is in a Name?”: “Illegal Pete’s” and the Normalization of Violence Against Mexicans in the United States

On December 2015,a new restaurant opened next to the University of Arizona campus,in Tucson.Its name was“Illegal Pete’s”and it sold Mexican food.The presence of this establishment led to an intense backlash between several University of Arizona students and the owner of the restaurant as they argued over the use of the world“illegal”.This paper reflects on the construction of“illegality”,its meaning and consequences on lived experiences.Drawing on Bakhtin’s analysis of words and his concepts of“single-voiced”and“double-voiced”discourses,I examine how the word“illegal”perpetuates and normalizes discrimination,criminalization,and racism towards Mexican-origin people and leads to feelings of anxious belonging.

The Margins of European Identity Orthodox Geopolitics in Moldovan Ethnopolitics

This article presents the preliminary results of an ongoing Ph.D. project examining the interrelatedness of competing religious, nationalist and geopolitical projects in the Republic of Moldova. By looking at the local churches＇ public address around key events in recent Moldovan history, it is sought to determine to which degree the local churches are mirroring the positions of the patriarchates and their hosting states. The main hypothesis is that the local churches to a larger extent than recognized in the existing literature are acting independently pursuing their local interests and forming alliances to this end. If this is the case the churches can be expected to phrase the question of national and geopolitical belonging differently from the competing Moldovanist and pan-Romanian narratives as well as the European and Eurasian projects.

Identity and Belonging： Insider/Outsider in Ed Husain＇s The Islamist

Since the events of 9/11 and the so-called ＂war on terror＂, ＂Muslim＂ has been used synonymously with ＂terrorist＂ dividing particularly those Muslims living in the West into either ＂good＂ Muslims or ＂bad＂ Muslims. Ed Husain in his memoir The Islamist uses this dichotomy as well as that of the ＂witness＂ in presenting himself as a credible analyst in answering why some young Muslims become attracted to fundamentalist Islamist groups hostile to the West. Ed Husain is a second generation of British Asian Muslim who rejected the Sufi political quietism of his parents for the revolutionary ideologies of Islamic ＂ideologues＂ such as Abul A＇la Maududi, Sayyid Qutb, and particularly Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani, joining Hizb-ut-Tahrir as an active member. Ed Husain＇s story is one of a fractured past, manhood, the search for an authentic Islam, and becoming British.

Architecture Phsycology

Although the WHO(World Health Organization)and psychologists warned architects,some colleagues insist on designing apartment houses with the traditional space organization.Thermal comfort and human psychology,are not taken into consideration at all.It is far from sustainable architecture to produce more than necessary and low-cost flats on the land used.During the Pandemic Process we live in today,people of all ages are not obeying the“stay at home,stay healthy”warnings and other prohibitions imposed by the medical community,this is due to the fact that people do not feel a sense of belonging to the house they live in.The duty of modern architects,is to design more livable environments.In this article,two examples,one positive and the other negative,are discussed as field work for a better understanding of psychological architecture.The first example is the Pruitt-Igoe site in the city of St.Louis in USA.The second comparative example is the Samanbahce houses in Nicosia,the capital of Cyprus,made of adobe brick,a traditional building material for families with insufficient financial means.

Place and Belonging: How Rural Primary School Principals can Promote Boarders’ Development by Building their Sense of Belonging to School?

Rural boarding schools in compulsory education in China have proliferated with school merger program.This paper analyzes the relationship between school belonging and student development and the factors that influence students'sense of belonging in rural boarding schools.The paper examines how principals in rural boarding schools in China can promote student development by building a sense of belonging.The paper argues that building this sense of belonging can serve as a solution to the current problems affecting rural boarding schools,improve the quality of rural primary education,and promote student development.