Effect of Suan Zao Ren (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae) Extract on the TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway in Insomniac Rats

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Suan Zao Ren(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,SZS)extract on insomnia induced by p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)in rats and its influence on the thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding domain Leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway,and to preliminarily explore themechanism by which SZS extract improves insomnia.Methods Fifty male Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats were used,with 8 rats in the blank group and 42 rats in the modeling group.The modeling group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of PCPA at a dose of 500mg·kg^(-1) for six consecutive days,with daily cage exchange.After 6 days,40 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into five groups:themodel group(equal volume of distilled water),the positive group(0.75 mg·kg^(-1)),and low-,medium-,and high-dose SZS extract groups(1.5,3,and 6 g·kg^(-1),respectively),with 8 rats in each group.Treatments were administered for seven consecutive days.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in the rat cerebral cortex.The thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method was used to determine malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,and the hydroxylamine method was used to determine superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels.The 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)method was used to measure total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)in the cerebral cortex.Pathological changes in the cerebral cortex were observed,and Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of TXNIP,NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a Caspase activation and recruitment domain(CARD),and cysteine–aspartate-specific protease 1(Caspase-1)in the cerebral cortex.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed a significantly prolonged sleep latency(p<0.001)and a significantly shortened sleep duration(p<0.001).There were no changes in serum MDA and SOD levels.MDA levels in the cerebral cortex were significantly increased(p<0.001),while SOD and TAOC levels were significantly decreased(p<0.001).The 5-HT level was increased(p<0.05),and the GABA level was significantly decreased(p<0.001).SZS extract improved these conditions to varying degrees.Light microscopy showed no significant changes in cortical neurons but transmission electron microscopy revealed intact mitochondrial structures in the blank group,while the model group showed swollen and unclear mitochondria with reduced organelles.After 7 days of treatment,these conditions improved in the SZS extract groups.Compared with the blank group,the expressions of the four proteins in the model group were increased,and the expressions of these proteins were decreased in the SZS extract groups compared with the model group.Conclusion SZS extract may exert an antioxidant effect to treat insomnia by downregulating the expression of TXNIP/NLRP3 proteins and regulating oxidative stress levels in the cerebral cortex.

基于“REN教育理念”与OBE教学理念的预防医学专业课程建设的研究

针对预防医学专业核心课程营养与食品卫生学的独特性及其教学过程中遇到的普遍性问题,深入分析了问题的根源。团队首次提出了“REN教育理念”。该理念要求教师和学生着眼于未来,积极学习先进的科学技术,培养对国家的情感,实现教育的根本使命—立德树人。通过采用多样化的教学方法,将“REN教育理念”与成果导向教育(outcome-based education,OBE)理念结合,应用于课程教学之中。具体通过教学方法的应用、教学手段的完善以及评价体系的优化等多方面进行实践和探索,以不断提升学生的理论知识和实践技能,促进营养与食品卫生学课程的建设,旨在为医疗卫生机构培养具有高水平专业能力的人才,支持我国高等医学教育的健康发展。

In the Spirit of Benevolence:Taking Action to Fight Against the COVID-19 Pandemic

Confucian doctors are representative of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practitioners with excellent moral character and medical knowledge,they are not hidden in the depths of ancient documents but are a guiding inspiration for professional medical personnel today.Confucian doctors are representative group of benevolence in Confucian philosophy and demonstrate the scientific and humanistic spirit of Confucian philosophy and demonstrate the scientific and humanistic spirit of Confucianism in their medical practice.They are also leading medical practitioners who uphold professional ethics in their pursuits of scientific research,clinical diagnosis&treatment,and scholarship.Both TCM and Confucian doctors played important roles during the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic in China.By virtue of the superb medical skills of Confucian doctors,integrated Chinese and Western medicine can quickly alleviate patients’symptoms,increase cure rates,reduce mortality rates,thus saving lives.Following the results of extensive clinical trials,this integrated therapy is now understood to be a beneficial treatment for COVID-19.The combination of TCM and Western medicine is a major feature of COVID-19 prevention and control in China.In particular,TCM plays a significant role in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic with its unique advantages.

Ren (仁), the Benevolent Thought of Traditional Chinese Medicine

This article offers a brief introduction to the evolution of Ren(仁),which is not only the core of Confucian ethics but also the top moral principle observed by traditional Chinese medicine doctors,holding that feasible solutions to cultural conflicts could be worked out under the guidance of Ren.

Reinterpreting ＂Universe＂ and Recovering ＂Benevolence＂ -- To Commemorate the Evolution and Ethics andthe Theory of Benevolence Published 120 Years

Yan Fu＇s Evolution and Ethics and Tan Sitong＇ s Theory of Benevolence are thetwo important books published in the great turning point of modern Chinese history. Both booksnot only harshly criticize the monarchy, take the lead in appealing for liberty, equality and democra-cy, but also give a creative explanation of universe -man relationship which is the basic issue of Chi-nese thought, promote the transformation of traditional cosmology and morality toward a new worldoutlook, social outlook and values, and lay the foundation for ontology and methodology of new ide-as and new theories. Both books have the ＂Prejudice＂ given by Chinese traditional culture,but be-cause of their ideological resources, thinking coordinates and methodological path differences, theyconstitute a certain relationship of contrast and complementarity in theory. Therefore, conducting amore in - depth analysis and summing up the achievements and limitations of them are enough toprovide valuable lessons for us in ＂restarting the thinking of universe -man＂ in today＇s era.

Tao, Virtue, Benevolence, Righteousness and Propriety:On the Core Values of Shu School

The core concepts of Confucianism were developed over the change of the times by Confucian scholars after Zi Si and Mencius, and have formed their respective structures: The three great principles of "benevolence, wisdom and bravery," and the self-cultivation model of "benevolence, righteousness and propriety" by Confucius. Following Confucius, Zi Si vigorously advocated the five virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and sage."Mencius initiated the four cardinal virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom."Xun Zi often constructed the collocation of "benevolence and righteousness, rites and music, and loyalty and trustworthiness."Dong Zhongshu finally developed the five constant virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness."In a simple, clear, practical and feasible way, the core values of Confucianism have won support among the people and have had an impact on Chinese society for more than two thousand years. Being open and inclusive, the connotation of Confucianism took advantage of the strengths of different schools of philosophy in ancient China, and adopted changes from philosophies with positive attitudes. The Bashu area, in the southwest of China, has inherited the tradition of adhering to the Tao(natural order of the Universe) and valuing morality. Shu scholars have creatively built the core values of "the Tao, virtue, benevolence, righteousness and propriety," and developed a characteristic branch of philosophy above and beyond the Confucian scholars of the Central Plains. This concept stems from Yan Junping of the Western Han Dynasty, promoted by Yang Xiong, developed by Zhao Rui of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shangying and Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty, and Lai Zhide of the Ming Dynasty, then further developed by Liu Yuan and Duan Zhengyuan of the Qing Dynasty, and formed the persistent system of core values of the Shu School. Compared with the values of orthodox Confucianism, the core values of the Shu School have the functions of"a unity of metaphysics and physics"and"a combination of theory and practice,"which remedy the lack of Confucianism's ultimate concern for ontology and the lack of Taoism's realistic concern for practicality.

Cognitive Interpretation of Thought of Benevolence in Confucianism

Confucianism thought has had an important role in many aspects of Chinese,and it has become the shared national spirit of Chinese nation. The core of Confucianism thought is the thought of benevolence,a great recreation of Chinese ancient great ideologists and educators,which is based on ritual and music culture of Confucianism,reflecting the philosophy of zeitgeist in various stages of social changes. The paper begins with the statement of connotation of the thought of benevolence in Confucianism. Then,six aspects of the thought,the benevolent loving others,principle of benevolence and loyalty,loving all people and animals,etc. are interpreted,including the practical significance of the thought,which provides effective reference for the application of the thought of benevolence in the present construction of harmonious society.

The Exploration of relationship among benevolence, wisdom and courage in the context of Putnam＇s value theory

Confucius attaches great importance to the relationship between benevolence, wisdom and courage. Benevolence is the core of Confucius＇s moral principle, which reflects the principle of Confucius values; Wisdom is the recognition of the principle of benevolence and other values; Courage is the inner belief to achieve benevolence. Putnam rejected the dichotomy, of facts and value, he thought value problem also have cognitive meaning. This theory maintenance the relationship between benevolence, wisdom and courage is reasonable. To discuss the relationship between benevolence, wisdom and courage in the context of Putnam＇s value theory will help us to achieve the benevolence thought modernization.

An analysis of the Confucian ＂benevolence＂ and fit to foster a good family tradition

Family education is brought to the attention since ancient times ,good family trait is through the ages many dignitaries of cultivate our morality and set up home.＂ Benevolence ＂ thought is the core of Confucianism, and is also the important content of Chinese excellent traditional culture. In this paper, the content of the Confucian＂ benevolence ＂thought and its fit with modem start-up construction has carried on the preliminary analysis, probes into the Confucian idea of＂ love＂ to restore the meaning of good family trait

“孝”为“仁”“礼”之本论

孝、仁、礼虽都是儒学最为重要的核心范畴和德目,但孝为仁、礼之本。孝为仁之本:孝是仁的情感发生根源;仁之博爱是孝之亲爱的有序推扩;孝是行仁的实践起点。孝为礼之本:孝是礼的人性内在根源与心性基础;礼之敬意源于孝之敬亲敬祖意识;孝之祭礼是培育强化人们敬意的根源和途径。重视孝本论有利于厘清儒学重要范畴的内在联系与逻辑,有利于呈现曾子学派的重要性,也有利于推动弘扬中华传统孝道的实践。

Bai Hu Ren Shen Soup promotes autophagy in the pancreas tissue of diabetic rats by increasing the level of autophagy protein LC3 and decreasing the level of autophagy protein p62

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Bai Hu Ren Shen Soup(BHRSS)on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats and explore whether its therapeutic effect is achieved by promoting autophagy in the pancreas tissue of T2DM rats.Methods:Thirty male standard deviation rats were equally divided into normal control group,T2DM group and BHRSS group.Firstly,the therapeutic effect of BHRSS on T2DM was evaluated by biochemical indices in serum and pathological changes in the pancreas tissue of rats in each group after modeling and medication.Then,the levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)protein and p62 protein in the pancreas tissue of rats in each group after BHRSS intervention were detected by Western blot.Results:BHRSS intervention significantly reduced the levels of blood sugar,liver and kidney function,and other related biochemical indices in the serum of T2DM rats,and effectively improved the pathological changes in the pancreas tissue of T2DM rats.In addition,Western blot results showed that the expression levels of autophagy-related protein LC3 protein in the pancreas tissue of rats were increased,and the expression level of p62 protein was decreased after BHRSS intervention.Conclusion:BHRSS has a clear therapeutic effect on T2DM model rats,which may be related to that increase of autophagy protein LC3 and the decrease of p62 protein level in the pancreas tissue.

创客思维如何促发企业内部运营生态变革——基于《任正非采访实录》的分析

通过对华为创始人任正非2019—2020年44次接受国内外媒体采访的53.1万字采访实录进行文本分析,采用程序化扎根理论归纳任正非的思维构型,并对其创客思维如何促发特定时期华为内部运营生态变革进行探索。结果发现,任正非的创客思维包括自我批判、持续学习、艰苦奋斗等,由此归纳出SUCCESS数字领导力理论。以此为基础,华为建立起有效的运营机制,并从人才生态、治理生态、技术生态与开放生态4个方面促使内部运营生态变革。结论可丰富原有领导力理论,为创客应对不确定性环境风险提供有益启示。

论“仁”的两重意义

中国文化的基本构成是恩德,而“仁”是恩德文化的最高范畴。仁具有两重意义,一方面概括、统领了恩德文化的诸德目即各具体范畴,如家庭伦理的孝悌、社会伦理的友敬、政治伦理的忠顺等,是为“全德”;另一方面,又是作为哲学本体论范畴,超越了具体恩德范畴,具有绝对性。仁作为“全德”,属于责任伦理范畴。仁礼一体,维护恩德文化,所以孔子说“克己复礼为仁”。作为责任伦理的仁,体现了恩德文化的不平等性和差等性。仁作为哲学范畴,也是意图伦理范畴,具有普遍性和绝对性,它克服了恩德文化的有限性和控制性,成为“天地万物一体之仁”。仁的两重意义体现了恩德文化的内在矛盾,由此形成了“仁本说”与“孝本说”的对立。“仁本说”以“天地万物一体之仁”否定了具有不平等性和差等性的恩德文化诸德目;“孝本说”以孝为本体,否定了绝对性、普遍性的“天地万物一体之仁”。儒家没有合理地解决二者的对立,在于没有区分责任伦理与意图伦理以及一般伦理范畴与哲学范畴。只有通过恩德文化的现代转化,区分哲学与一般文化、意图伦理与责任伦理,才能彻底解决仁的两重意义之间的矛盾。

任达然论治温热病经验探析

任达然先生是首批全国名老中医传承指导老师,从医60余载,始终坚守临床一线,师法古贤家学,博采历代医著之精华,且能融汇贯通,对于温病的辨治独具匠心。任老擅治温热时病,精研疑难杂证,主张温热时病从痰、热、虚入手,认为温热病起病必见热象偏重,邪热鸱张,传变迅急,当须“治未病”遏阻病路,尤以温病初起时颇为效验,同时应顾护津液及胃气,正确理解并灵活应用“汗法”和“下法”,若失治误治,后果不堪,而若救治得当,则应手取效。

张岱年早期对于孔子思想的研究

张岱年早期对于孔子思想的研究可以分为三个阶段。在20世纪30年代前期,张岱年对于孔子思想的研究主要在其仁学和认识论领域,并兼及对于孔子思想的总体和正面的评价。在20世纪30年代后期,张岱年对于孔子思想的研究主要在其天论、人性论、人生至道论、人生问题论、认识方法等领域。在20世纪40年代后期,张岱年对于孔子思想的研究主要在其“品值”哲学、功与利的思想、认识方法等领域,并涉及对于孔子思想的正反两面的系统评价。在张岱年心中,孔子是中国哲学的创始人,奠定了中国哲学的人生哲学特质,孔子的天论、人性论、仁论以及认知理论等对于中国哲学具有首创之功。

任脉灸疗法联合十味温胆汤对老年顽固性失眠患者疗效和生活质量的影响

目的本研究通过分析任脉灸疗法联合十味温胆汤对老年顽固性失眠患者疗效和生活质量的影响,以期为临床诊疗提供新思路。方法回顾性分析2022年1月—2024年1月在遂宁市第三人民医院接受治疗的老年顽固性失眠患者118例的临床资料,依据不同的治疗方式将患者分为联合组(59例)与对照组(59例)。对照组行常规西药治疗,联合组在对照组治疗的基础上应用任脉灸疗法联合十味温胆汤。评估并比较2组的临床疗效、生活质量[采用简明健康状况量表(SF-36)评估]、睡眠质量[采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估]。结果联合组治疗有效率高于对照组(94.92%vs 71.19%,P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的总体健康、躯体健康、精力、社会功能、情绪角色、心理健康、身体疼痛、躯体角色评分均高于同组治疗前(P<0.05),且联合组上述评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,对照组睡眠紊乱、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠质量总分低于同组治疗前,联合组日间功能、睡眠质量、睡眠紊乱、入睡时间、睡眠效率、睡眠时间、睡眠质量总分低于同组治疗前,且联合组评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论任脉灸疗法联合十味温胆汤可提高老年顽固性失眠患者的临床疗效,改善其睡眠质量和生活质量,具有一定的临床应用价值。

试论旴江医家龚廷贤仁的思想内涵

旴江流域人文荟萃,是儒家新学的重要发源地与传播地,涌现出了数以百计且闻名于世的杰出医药学家,在中医学发展史上占有重要地位。在尊儒重医的时代,素有医林状元之称的旴江医家龚廷贤,其医学思想的形成受儒家思想影响颇深。仁,是儒家学说的核心,对中华文化与社会的发展产生了重大影响。从儒家思想的视角,通过研究旴江医家龚廷贤的医著、事迹、方药,对龚氏“仁”的思想进行探析,试论其思想内涵。

浅谈调摄冲任法在乳腺癌治疗中的应用

乳腺癌发病机制复杂,涉及多个脏腑的功能异常和气血津液运行的失畅,特别是手术、放化疗后,以及疾病晚期的患者。在复杂病机矛盾体中,冲任二脉气血运行异常起着关键的作用,立足于冲任失调分析病症,更能厘清具体病症的主次矛盾,为立法处方提供更为清晰的思路。并附验案一则。

“这种人”负面评价意义的规约化

短语“这种人”高频用于负面评价,且类型丰富,经常与贬义“指人NP”、贬义属性谓语或修饰语共现。从立场表达三角理论来看,“人称+这种人”是立场表达者对特定主体或客体的负面评价。“语境吸收”“礼貌原则”和“概括机制”是“这种人”负面评价倾向形成的主要机制。

信仰、秩序与权益表达——岭南善会类型及其管理制度(1840—1949)

第一次鸦片战争之后,岭南民间举办善会蔚然成风。善会初始于以血缘为纽带的宗族,后逐渐拓展到以地域为基础的村落,再进一步发展为以业缘为纽带的工商业,这就形成了办会宗旨繁多的各类善会组织。民国时期的善会组织,受西方文化制度的影响,从名称到组织架构,越发呈现出现代公司制的特点。善会蕴含了祖先崇拜和鬼神信仰,是传统儒家文化的延续;其孕育的平等守约意识,推动了近代工商业的兴起与发展;善会通过规条的制定形成对会员权益的保护,而对个人权利的维护推动了民间个体权益的觉醒,有助于为构建现代国家奠定公民意识。