Synthetical condition assessment of long span suspension bridge based on closeness degree and FAHP

Based on the theory of pattern recognition, the concept of closeness degree between fuzzy sets is brought into the condition assessment of long span bridges. Using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （FAHP）, a mathematical model of a multi-objective assessment of a long span suspension bridge is set up. An example is given to show the procedure in the synthetical condition assessment of the Runyang Suspension Bridge, which includes the hierarchical division, the definition of factor weights and fuzzy membership functions, and the calculation of closeness degrees, etc. The assessment combines both the data from the health monitoring system and the manual tests. The classification of evaluation items as well as the calculation of deterministic and nondeterministic items is presented. Compared with the traditional method of point rating, this method can better describe the discreteness of monitoring data and the fuzziness in the condition assessment.

Application of grey weighted related degree to the ambient air quality assessment

It is difficult to establish the integrated method to assess the ambient air quality because the atmospheric environmental system is composed of several environmental elements, which contains many contanination factors. In view of the typical grey system character of the monitored data in the ambient air, this paper introduces the weighted value to obtain related degree during applying the method of grey related degree analvsis to assess ambient air quality by each polluting factor producing different effects on the environment quality. This method could give more reasonable and reliable evaluating results. Taking the monitored data of Harbin, a provincial city of Heilongjiang, for example in this paper, the result of assessment by this method was coincide,It with the actual environmental quality of Harbin.

GRADATION AND ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGE DEGREE OF NATURAL LANDSCAPE IN XING, AN COUNTY, GUANGXI

A new technique designed to help quantify the degree of damage to the landscape from one area to another shows a close relationship between population density and the degree of landscape damage. The technique establishes a scale of damage from 0 to 5 (zero = no damage; 5 = severe damage) using data from aerial photographs, land-use maps, and field data. The related formula allows one to compare the relative degree of damage across regions using a combination of an absolute index, a theoretical index, a relative index, and population density. Xing’an County is used to demonstrate the technique.

Trust Management in Grid-Trust Assessment and Trust Degree Calculation of a Resource—A Novel Approach

Grid Computing is concerned with the sharing and coordinated use of diverse resources in distributed Virtual Organizations. This introduces various challenging security issues. Among these trusting, the resources to be shared and coordinated with the dynamic and multi-institutional virtual organization environment becomes a challenging security issue. In this paper, an approach for trust assessment and trust degree calculation using subjective logic is suggested to allocate the Data Grid or Computational Grid user a reliable, trusted resource for maintaining the integrity of the data with fast response and accurate results. The suggested approach is explained using an example scenario and also from the simulation results. It is observed that there is an increase in the resource utilization of a trusted resource in contrast to the resource which is not trusted.

A cloud Bayesian network approach to situation assessment of scouting underwater targets with fixed-wing patrol aircraft

The battlefield situation changes rapidly because underwater targets'are concealment and the sea environment is uncertain.So,a great number of situation information greatly increase,which need to be dealt with in the course of scouting underwater targets.Situation assessment in sea battlefield with a lot of uncertain information is studied,and a new situation assessment method of scouting underwater targets with fixed-wing patrol aircraft is proposed based on the cloud Bayesian network,which overcomes the deficiency of the single cloud model in reasoning ability and the defect of Bayesian network in knowledge representation.Moreover,in the method,the cloud model knowledge deal with the input data of Bayesian network reasoning,and the advantages in knowledge representation of cloud theory and reasoning of Bayesian network are applied;also,the fuzziness and stochasticity of cloud theory in knowledge expression,the reasoning ability of Bayesian network,are combined.Then,the situation assessment model of scouting underwater targets with fixed-wing patrol aircraft is established.Hence,the directed acyclic graph of Bayesian network structure is constructed and the assessment index is determined.Next,the cloud model is used to deal with Bayesian network,and the discrete Bayesian network is obtained.Moreover,after CPT of each node and the transformation between certainty degree and probability are accomplished;the final situation level is obtained through a probability synthesis formula.Therefore,the target type and the operational intention of the other side are deduced to form the battlefield situation.Finally,simulations are carried out,and the rationality and validity of the proposed method are testified by simulation results.By this method,the battlefield situation can be gained.And this method has a wider application range,especially for large sample data processing,and it has better practicability.

Fuzzy comprehensive assessment of running condition for a large-scale centrifugal compressor set

A fuzzy comprehensive assessment method of running condition was constructed and applied to a large-scale centrifugal compressor set in a petrochemical corporation aiming at the monitoring and early warning of abnormal conditions in industry.The maximal information coefficient(MIC)correlation analysis of indexes was introduced to determine the independent indexes to be assessed,and the dynamic deterioration degree was calculated using the predicted independent indexes by the second-order Markov chain model.The fuzzy membership degree weighting method was employed to assess the running condition of all units in the set.Simple and direct radar chart was used to visualize condition assessment grades.Results showed that the proposed fuzzy comprehensive assessment method successfully assessed the running condition of the set.The constructed method achieved 10 min earlier alarm than the traditional threshold alarm occurred at the specific moment of00:44 on April 7 of 2018.The method would provide a valuable tool and have a wide engineering application in ensuring the safety and reliability of industrial production.

Assessment on Agricultural Drought Risk Based on Variable Fuzzy Sets Model

Drought is one of the major natural disasters causing huge agricultural losses annually. Regional agricultural drought risk assessment has great significance for reducing regional disaster and agricultural drought losses. Based on the fuzzy characteristics of agricultural drought risk, variable fuzzy sets model was used for comprehensively assessing agricultural drought risk of Liaoning Province in China. A multi-layers and multi-indices assessment model was estab-lished according to variable fuzzy sets theory, and agricultural drought risk of all 14 prefecture-level cities was respec-tively estimated in terms of dangerousness, vulnerability, exposure and drought-resistibility. By calculating the combi-nation weights of four drought risk factors, agricultural drought risk grade of each city was obtained. Based on the as-sessment results, the spatial distribution maps of agricultural drought risk were drawn. The results shows that eastern cities have lower drought dangerousness than western cities in Liaoning Province totally. Most cities are located in low drought vulnerability region and high drought exposure region. Because of frequent and severe drought since 2000, most cities are located in lower drought-resistibility region. Comprehensive agricultural drought risk presents apparent spatial characteristics, escalating from the east to the west. Drought dangerousness is the most important factor influencing comprehensive agricultural drought risk. Through the spatial distribution maps of drought risk, decision makers could find out drought situation and make decisions on drought resistance conveniently.

Dynamic Assessment on Ecosystem Vulnerability in Dashanbao Wetland

[Objective] The aim was to assess the ecosystem vulnerability of Dashanbao wetland.[Method] The evaluation index system of ecosystem vulnerability of Dashanbao wetland was constructed by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and the ecosystem vulnerability of Dashanbao wetland from 2002 to 2008 was assessed based on vulnerable degree of ecosystem.[Result] The vulnerable degree of ecosystem of Dashanbao wetland from 2002 to 2008 was 0.560 0,0.513 7,0.516 4,0.465 4,0.476 0,0.449 2 and 0.400 6 respectively,that is,showing decreasing trend on the whole,and the vulnerability of wetland ecosystem transformed from moderate vulnerability to mild vulnerability,and it showed that the ecological environment quality of Dashanbao wetland was better.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for wetland restoration,protection,ecological environment planning and management.

Landslide Hazard and Risk Assessment on the Northern Slope of Mt. Changbai, China

Landslide hazard and risk assessment on the northern slope of Mt. Changbai, a well-known tourist attraction near the North Korean-Chinese border, are assessed. This study is divided into two parts, namely, landslide hazard zonation and risk assessment. The 1992 Anbalagan and Singh method of landslide hazard zonation （LHZ） was modified and used in this area. In this way, an Associative Analysis Method was used in representative areas to get a measure for controlling factors （slope gradient, relative relief, vegetation, geology, discontinuity development, weak layer thickness and ground water）. For the membership degree of factor to slope failure, the middle range of limited values was used to calculate LHZ. Based on an estimation of the potential damage from slope failure, a reasonable risk assessment map was obtained using the relationship of potential damage and probable hazard to aid future planning and prediction and to avert loss of life.

Fuzzy Complex Index in Water Quality Assessment of Municipalities

Donghu Lake in Wuhan is a multipurpose complex water body. However, its eutrophication phenomenon becomes increasingly serious. By making use of detailed and accurate contamination monitoring data and several mathematics models, we probe into the dynamic state of water quality. The year’s average value of major contamination index in Donghu Lake from 2001 to 2008 and fuzzy complex index are used to assess its short-term state of water quality. The results show that its water quality is basically stable in the 4th class of water quality standard GB3838-2002.

THEORIES AND METHODS OF STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF MODERN LOGISTICS DEVELOPMENT——A Case Study of Dalian City, China

Modern logistics is a new industry during the construction of national economy. Based on analyzing the environmental problem that was led by the limitation of the strategy during enacting the program of the modern logistics, SEA for modern logistics was implemented. In this paper, procedure and indicator system in the SEA are constructed, and Environmental Check List to identify environmental impact factors of SEA for modern logistics is established. And a conception that indicates friendly degree of logistics system with resources and environment, degree of green, is introduced. With the example of modern logistics program of Dalian in China, two methods are applied, AHP and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method, in the implement of SEA for modern logistics development. It is concluded that degree of green of modern logistics in Dalian is high. However, several important factors should be paid much attention to in the SEA for modern logistics as well as in the formulation and implement of modern logistics in Dalian.

Multi-agent Blind Model and Its Application to Regional Eco-environmental Quality Assessment

Through denoting each expert as an agent and viewing a multiple criteria decision-making as a synthesis problem of aggregating experts＇ ratings, a multi-agent blind model （MABM） is developed for regional eco-environmental quality assessment. In this model, the ratings of the evaluated object under an index, given by expert group, are first utilized to construct a series of blind numbers. In general, each index will correspond to different blind numbers. On the basis of aggregating index weights, the rank score in the form of a blind number is obtained for the evaluated object. Then, by means of calculating expected value of the above blind number, its rank score is further converted into a crisp value. By way of comparing the expected value with classification standards, eco-environmental quality of the evaluated sample could he identified successfully in the end. As a case, the MABM is used to evaluate the eco-environmental quality of Chaohu Lake basin. Study result shows that the MABM is a useful model for regional eco-environmental quality assessment.

Land Eco-sensitivity Assessment of Ecological Cities Based on LUCC

Land eco-sensitivity assessment is an important method in analyzing regional eco-environmental safety. This article is based on the studies of land use and coverage change (LUCC) with the interpretation result from Landsat images. It analyzes the land use degree of Shangluo City and gives the land eco-sensitivity classification, which includes soil and water conservation, disaster prevention and eco-environmental protection. Then an improved classification model is taken through the gray model and the variation coefficient. By comparing sensitivity in each level of land use degree change, the ecological recovery mode in study area is analyzed. The results show: the land use degree in Shangluo City has been declining from 1990 to 2009, with large area converted form cropland to forest, environment becomes better; the sensitivities of zoning based on the index level shows the medium sensitive area was largest. According to the variation coefficient gives the more reasonable proportion, the zoning was improved based on uncertainties. Because of the least amount of land use degradation area was taken in high sensitive region, it is considered that the ecological construction model in study area was still worth discussing. The healthy ecological development mode is proposed that low sensitive region should be protected while high sensitive region should receive high attention, so as to further improve the regional ecological security and improve the living environment efficiently.

A Transformer Replacement Decision Method Based on Probability Assessment of Failure Rate

Reasonable probability assessment of transformer failure rate (FR) is a critical reference to the transformer replacement work. At present, the lack of support theory for transformer replacement usually causes reliability and economy issues for power companies. For this reason, a transformer replacement decision method based on probability assessment of FR is proposed. Firstly, a first order model of transformer paper degradation is proposed. Then, the Weibull Distribution is used by Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) to generate the variations of Degree of Polymerization (DP) along with time based on the historical data, and the transformer FR is determined. When the FR is higher than a pre-defined threshold value, the transformer should be replaced for reliability purpose. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method for the transformer replacement decision is verified by a typical engineering application.

Application of Improved Matter-element Extension Method in Comprehensive Assessment of Shallow Groundwater

Taking shallow groundwater in Jinjiang City,Fujian Province for example,it was found that the classical element-matter analysis shows deficiency in calculation of correlation function,so the improved matter-element method was applied for the comprehensive assessment of shallow groundwater in Jinjiang City,and the spatial distribution was shown in maps.The assessment results demonstrated that ground water quality of most regions in the study area belonged to Grade I and II,thus the overall quality of shallow groundwater was good.The groundwater of Grade IV and V(relatively poor and extremely poor) was mainly distributed in Dongshi Town,Chendi Town,Zimao Town,and Shenhu Town,major exceeding-standard factors that influence shallow groundwater quality in the local area included TDS,Mn^(2+),NO_3,NO_2,NH_4^+ and Cl^-,which mainly owed to invasion of seawater,original geological conditions,industrial and agricultural discharge,and human life.

Application of Improved SPA Method in the Comprehensive Assessment of Groundwater Environment Quality:A Case Study of Jinjiang, Fujian Province

This paper applied the set pair analysis with improved five-element connection degree to assess shallow groundwater quality of Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, and used map to show the spatial distribution. The assessment results showed that most groundwater in the district was in the grade I and II, i.e. the overall groundwater environment in this area was favorable; groundwater of grade III(poorer level) was mainly distributed in Dongshi Town in the coastal region, and the total area was smaller. Major out-of-limit factors are TDS, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and chloride, therefore, industrial and agricultural development, human activities and seawater invasion were major causes for the aggravation of water quality.

Discussion on performance evaluation method of enterprise contribution degree

As competition intensifies, many companies are exploring new ways of performance appraisal. This paper analyzes the scientificity, rationality, and feasibility of the contribution method of the project as a unit, and provides a reference for the reform of the performance appraisal method of the architectural design enterprise.

生猪生长环境舒适度实时监测系统设计与实现

为了提高猪舍环境舒适度评价的准确性,克服猪舍多环境因子相互耦合,避免采用单一环境因子评价猪舍内环境质量状况不准确问题。本研究根据猪舍环境养殖标准,构建了猪舍舒适度评价指标体系和权重,建立了温度、湿度、风速、CO_(2)、NH_(3)和H_(2)S各环境因子的隶属度函数,提出了基于层次分析-模糊理论的猪舍多环境因子综合评价方法,搭建了生猪生长环境舒适度实时监测系统。以育肥猪舍环境监测的24组数据为例对本文提出的猪舍舒适度模糊综合评价方法进行验证。结果表明,该系统建立的猪舍多环境因子舒适度模糊综合评价方法能准确反映猪舍空气质量状况,可为猪舍环境精准调控提供科学决策依据,具有一定的应用价值。

基于特征匹配度与异类子模型融合的安全性评估方法

机器学习模型的好坏影响预测精度、输入与输出结果的拟合情况。在复杂系统中,使用单一模型评估系统安全性问题时容易受数据量、数据格式、模型结构以及环境干扰等因素影响,使得这个模型在解决某个问题的能力上比较出色,而在解决其他问题时,结果却不尽如人意。针对上述问题,提出一种基于特征匹配度和异类子模型融合的安全性评估方法。首先,按照采样数据的输出值划分不同规模的数据集并构建子模型;其次,通过计算每个新数据对于这些子模型的匹配度,进而得到每个子模型的权重;最后,根据权重大小融合所有子模型的子输出得到最终的多模型融合结果。所提方法对山东省济宁市霄云煤矿采掘数据集进行研究,实验结果表明,该方法与多样本单模型、少样本单模型和传统多模型方法相比,在以330/70的比例来构建子模型的情况下均方根误差(RMSE)分别降低了15.13%、51.67%和12.46%,该方法充分集成各子模型所能提供的有效信息,减少和分散单一模型的预测误差,以提高模型的预测精度和泛化能力。

融入OBE理念的专业基础课程教学改革与实践——基于“材料成型工艺基础”课程的探索

本课程教学改革立足新工科建设,以工程教育为导向,结合学校“航空特色鲜明,工科优势突出”的办学定位,坚持以学生为中心,利用现代信息技术手段,基于OBE理念采用启发式、任务驱动式、问题探究式等多种教学方法,旨在提高课程目标达成度。通过对近3年材料成型与控制工程专业本科生成绩分析,着眼于解决目前课程体系同质化、教学方法单一化、课程质量不高的问题,促进形成“夯实基础、强化实践、学研结合、突出创新”的课程教学定位。实现课程资源共享及师生交流互动,达到丰富教学内容、优化教学过程设计、增加教学过程吸引力、培养学生创新意识的目的。