Optimized design of biconical liner by orthogonal method

A biconical liner was optimized to improve its penetration ability. Its formation and pene- tration mechanism was studied through numerical simulation and experiments. And the influence of different liner geometry sizes on the jet performance was analyzed using the orthogonal method. The liner formed the high-speed jet with an explosively formed projectile. The small angle 2a remarkably influenced the jet speed which was inversely proportional to 2a. And the liner thickness t＇ and large angle 2β had highly significant effect on the projectile speed. The liner was optimized at t＇ = 0. 14 cm, 2α = 50°, 2β = 135°, N = 0. 4 or 0. 5, when its jet speed respectively is at 6 613 m/s and 6 839 m/s and projectile speed is at 2 247 m/s and 2 095 m/s, steel target penetration is at 8. 24 cm and 8. 31 cm, and aperture is in 2.12 cm and 2.08 cm. The results show that target is penetrated by the high-speed jet and high-speed projectile resulting into double damages. The penetration ability is improved greatly.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor based on fused biconical taper zone of optical fiber

In this paper, a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） sensor combined with fused biconical taper fiber （FBTF） and film coated with silver sols is proposed. This structure is designed to significantly increase the SERS active surface when the length of the taper is increased and the radius is reduced, since the penetration depth is inversely proportional to the taper radius and proportional to the taper length according to the fiber-optic evanescent-wave theory. Based on the SERS sensing principle, the feasibility of FBTF sensor is analyzed in this paper. As a result, the Raman spectrum of R6G is obtained from the fused biconical taper zone surface coating with the silver sols in our experiments. The detected concentration is up to 10-7mol/L.

Biconical Fiber Sensor Using Wavelength Modulation

A wavelength modulation based fiber optic sensor is used to measure salt concentration and temperature. The sensor consists of a biconical fiber filter. Theoretically, the wavelength shift response of the sensor is linearly related to changes in the refractive index of the external medium surrounding the sensor in a specific region. The device sensitivity is enhanced by reducing the radius of the taper waist. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by experimental results. A wavelength modulation based all fiber sensor demonstrated salt concentration and temperature measurements with errors of 0 05% (mass fraction) and 0 2℃, respectively. The differential modulation of the pass or notch bands in a biconical fiber filter may be used for simultaneous sensing of salt concentration and temperature.

短种植体随访7~9年的临床疗效及危险因素分析

目的:评估短种植体的长期临床疗效,并分析其留存率的影响因素。方法:选择2010年1月—2014年12月在南昌大学第四附属医院口腔科接受种植治疗的患者178例,共植入Bicon短种植体(植体长度≤6 mm)334颗。观察记录患者的基本情况、修复设计、短种植体留存率及并发症,分析短种植体失败的原因。采用SPSS 24.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:平均随访时间为(96±17)个月,在观察期内有20颗种植体失败,1颗发生机械并发症,6颗发生生物并发症。基于种植体和患者的分析,短种植体的9年累积留存率分别为94.0%(5年以上的留存率达96.4%)和90.4%。短种植体的留存率与患者性别、年龄、是否采用特殊术式以及对颌牙类型无相关性(P<0.05);吸烟与牙周炎是短种植体失败的危险因素(P<0.05),使用联冠修复及单冠修复的短种植体之间的留存率具有统计学差异(P<0.05),下颌骨相较于上颌骨有更高的留存率(P<0.05)。结论:在标准的临床方案以及操作下,对骨量不足的患者可采用短种植体种植方案,以缩短种植修复周期,避免复杂的骨增量术式,获得良好的中远期临床疗效。采用短种植体进行种植修复,需严格控制影响短种植体留存的危险因素。

Bicon植体联合上颌窦内提升术用于上后牙种植

目的:探讨Bicon植体联合上颌窦内提升术用于上后牙种植区骨量不足的临床疗效。方法:对已完成种植修复的13例20颗上颌后牙Bicon植体修复效果进行回顾性研究,通过临床检查和CBCT评估Bicon种植体在骨量不足情况下,通过上颌窦内提升技术,统计种植修复成功率。结果:20颗Bicon植体,上颌窦内提升高度2~5mm,临床检查初期稳定性良好,未见上颌窦黏膜穿孔,术后4个月骨整合良好,修复体负载1~2年后检查植体无动度,CBCT显示种植体周围无明显骨吸收,种植体留存率100%。结论:Bicon植体联合上颌窦内提升术可成功用于上后牙区骨量不足的种植修复。

后牙区Bicon短种植体种植修复的临床观察

目的 :对Bicon短种植体在上下颌后牙区的种植修复情况进行临床观察及效果评价。方法 :选择在南京医科大学附属口腔医院第四门诊部接受上下颌后牙区Bicon短种植体种植成功并完成修复的患者28例,共37枚种植体。采用Wheeler存留标准评估短种植体存留率。按解剖冠种植体比(C/I)≤1和1<C/I≤2,分为2组,在修复后6、18、30个月,分别观察种植体近、远中边缘骨水平变化情况、牙龈指数、牙石指数、牙龈探诊深度和患者满意度。对边缘骨水平变化进行单因素方差分析。结果:观察期间未发现种植体松动、断裂及种植部位出现疼痛不适等情况,种植体愈合良好。修复后30个月28例37枚短种植体存留率100%,修复后30个月37枚短种植体近、远中边缘骨吸收量分别为(0.48±0.28)mm和(0.46±0.25)mm,2组近、远中边缘骨高度变化无显著差异,种植体周围软组织健康,患者对短种植体的修复满意。结论:Bicon短种植体短期存留率高,在一定程度上能解决牙槽骨高度不足的问题,从而避免复杂外科手术,减少创伤。

短种植体在骨高度不足后牙区种植修复的临床短期观察

目的:观察、分析BICON短种植体在后牙区骨高度不足病例种植修复的临床效果。方法:上、下颌后牙区骨高度3-9mm的病例57例,共植入BICON短种植体101枚,长度5.7mm的种植体15枚,长度6mm的种植体20枚,长度8mm的种植体66枚。下颌共植入59枚种植体,上颌共植入42枚种植体,其中上颌窦窦底牙槽骨高度不足的患者行上颌窦底冲击术同期植入种植体和人工植骨材料(天博骨粉)。3-6个月行二期手术,二期术后3-4周完成基台一体化冠永久修复。结果:55例99枚BICON短种植体均获得了良好的骨结合,经12个月的临床观察,种植修复取得了较好的临床效果,X光片及牙科CT检查,种植体颈部骨组织及种植体周围骨组织稳定.上颌2例2枚种植体二期手术时松动脱落,种植成功率98.02%。结论:在后牙区骨高度不足的病例,通过植入BICON短种植体,不仅可以简化植骨术,缩短患者的治疗时间,并且能减少手术风险,使种植体能获得较理想的种植成功率。

Bicon种植体用一体化基台冠制作的常见问题及处理

选择2011年1月至2011年11月在北京大学口腔医院学习期间，在该院义齿加工中心制作的磨牙区Bicon种植体一体化基台冠（integratedabutmentcrown，IAC）9例，对其上部结构制作过程中常遇到的问题做改进处理，获得良好修复效果。

Bicon种植体在后牙即刻种植的临床应用研究

目的:评价Bicon种植体应用于后牙即刻种植的短期临床疗效。方法:2015年1月~2015年8月,选择24例患者共31颗无急性炎症的磨牙,经微创拔牙后彻底清除炎性组织并同期植入Bicon种植体,种植体颈周植入自体骨,术后3~6个月完成冠修复,修复后追踪观察时间为18.6±4.3个月,通过临床、影像学检查以及患者满意度调查来评估Bicon种植体在即刻种植中的治疗效果。结果:31枚种植体在随访期间存留率为100%,修复后1年种植体近、远中边缘骨吸收分别为(0.32±0.41)mm与(0.28±0.34)mm,自修复完成至最后一次复查,全部正常行使功能,患者满意度较高。结论:Bicon种植体应用于后牙区即刻种植近期可获得良好的临床疗效。

短种植体的临床应用

目的:通过对Bicon及ITI短种植体一年的临床观察,分析其成功率及相关影响因素。方法:2009年7月至2010年1月,在我院种植修复科植入短种植体病例共63例114枚,42例80枚为Bicon种植体,21例34枚为ITI标准美学种植体。3-6个月后复诊完成冠修复。种植术后半年、1年检测边缘骨水平等指标。结果:一年累积成功率97.4%。其中Bicon种植体97.5%,ITI种植体97.1%。结论:Bicon及ITI短种植体取得令人满意的短期临床效果,应用于临床是可行的。

Relationship between rheological manufacturing process and optical performance of optical fiber coupler

Through theoretical analysis and experiments, the viscoelastic mechanical model of optical fiber coupler in the process of fused biconical taper was established, and the numerical analysis in non-uniform temperature field was made. The results show that the rheological parameters, such as drawing speed and fused temperature, have a tremendous influence on stress distribution and performance of optical fiber coupler, especially the influence of fused temperature. The change of fused temperature by 5℃ can lead to the change of the maximum stress by 30% and stress difference by 20% in the same cross section. The change of temperature gradient by 3% can result in the change of stress difference by 90%. In the present condition of rheological technology, rheological defects such as crystallizations and microcracks are easy to generate in the optical fiber coupler.

多种微创技术在前牙区种植中的应用

目的:总结不翻瓣技术、骨劈开与BICON手用扩孔钻等多种微创技术在前牙区种植的临床应用。方法:0研究包括34例患者前牙区51个植入位点。常规CBCT术前检查,剩余骨量的唇舌向宽度4.52±1.26mm(均数±标准差),唇侧骨缺损垂直向高度为1.56±0.25mm(均数±标准差),唇侧骨壁存在不同程度的倒凹及缺损。对于嵴顶骨量宽度大于5mm时,只采用嵴顶切口并向邻牙延伸的不翻瓣技术,当根部有倒凹时,增加倒凹区的横行切口,在保证可接受的种植体植入方向的前提下,避免唇侧骨壁的穿通;若有部分穿通,可植入少量BIOSS骨粉覆盖。当嵴顶骨量宽度在3-4mm时,特别是在中切牙区,为植入4-4.5mm直径的种植体,采用骨劈开以及结合BICON系统特有的手用扩孔系列钻技术,很好地完成了骨嵴的扩展,植入理想的4.5mm直径的BICON植体,并保证了种植体颈部唇腭侧1-1.5mm的骨质。当嵴顶骨量宽度小于3mm或唇侧凹陷明显时,可以适当降低嵴顶的高度,到宽度有3mm时,采用上述的方法,此时,可以适当分离唇侧的粘骨膜,保留BICON种植体特有的塑料愈合帽适当长度,使之起到一定的帐篷支撑效应,塑料柱周围植入BIO-COLLAGEN,并采用胶原膜覆盖,最终达到垂直骨增量的目的。部分病例此时可以附加垂直切口,保证切口在无张力状态下缝合。结果:垂直向骨增量1.41±0.32mm(均数±标准差),唇舌向骨增量2.35±0.41mm(均数±标准差),保证了种植体周围至少1mm的骨量。在3至6个月的随访期内,无种植体松动脱落和明显的骨吸收,CBCT显示种植体周围植入Bio-Oss部位有高密度影像,提示新骨形成良好。结论:我们采用不翻瓣技术、骨劈开与BICON手用扩孔钻联合技术、膜引导与BICON植体的帐篷支撑效应联合技术等微创技术完成了骨量不足的前牙区种植修复,常规修复前CBCT检查,修复6个月后复查,显示骨组织稳定,修复效果良好,是值得推广的一系列微创技术。

Experimental measurement and numerical analysis of fused taper shape for optical fiber coupler

To find out the effect of the shape of fused taper region on the optical fiber coupler, the fiber couplers were fabricated at different drawing speeds with a six-axes fiber coupler machine. The results, which were obtained fi＇om the shape of fused taper region measured with microscope, show that there is a close correlation between the cone angle and optical performance of fiber coupler. High-performance fiber coupler cannot be obtained until rheological shape is controlled accurately. The numerical analysis model, which was built based on generalized Maxwell viscoelastic theory, is resolved with ANSYS software. The calculated results accord with the experimental data. It can apply a theoretic basis for forecasting the shape of fiber coupler fabricated under the conditions of different technological parameters.

短种植体在上颌后牙区的临床应用

目的 探讨Bicon短种植体在上颌后牙种植中的临床疗效.方法 随机选择38例上颌后牙缺失就诊患者共计42颗种植位点分为两组,实验组：Bicon短种植体（L≤8）植入者共22颗,对照组：采用Osstem TSⅢ植体（L＞8mm）植入者共20颗.术后6个月Ⅱ期修复,修复后追踪观察24 -48个月平均观察时间为36个月,检查种植体骨整合及行使功能情况,X线片观察种植体周围骨高度.结果 两组种植体骨结合均良好,测量两组种植体近远中骨高度变化无统计学意义.结论 Bicon短种植体在上颌后牙种植中的临床疗效确切,临床效果满意,与常规种植体无显著差异.

上颌后牙区骨量不足患者中常规种植体和Bicon短种植体边缘骨高度变化的对比

目的探究分析上颌后牙区骨量不足患者中Bicon短种植体与常规种植体的边缘骨高度变化及其并发症情况。方法选择2013年10月至2015年10月,我院收治的上颌后牙区骨量不足患者95例,将其分为对照组(n=47)和观察组(n=48),对照组患者实施常规种植体治疗,观察组患者实施Bicon短种植体治疗。观察比较两组患者的临床治疗效果、并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者的边缘骨高度的近中与远中变化与对照组患者比较差异显著(P<0.05)。观察组患者的并发症发生率(7.50%)显著低于对照组(27.50%),具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论上颌后牙区骨量不足患者实施Bicon短种植体治疗的边缘骨高度变化较小,且并发症的发生率较低,所以其有较好的临床应用价值,可以将其在临床上进行推广应用。

Bicon可吸收胶原塞在即拔即种牙中的临床应用

目的：观察Bicon可吸收胶原塞在即拔即种牙术中的临床疗效。方法：将16例患者19颗牙齿即刻拔除，即刻植入种植体，同时应用Bicon可吸收胶原塞覆盖于牙槽嵴顶封闭创1：2。术后当天、1周、1月、3月、6月及修复后每6个月行X线曲面断层片和临床检查，评价Bicon可吸收胶原塞在种植体周围引导骨组织再生修复的效果。结果：随访6。24个月，16例19枚即刻植入种植体除1枚1周后伤1：2裂开外，其余均稳固无松动，种植体周围无炎症及明显骨吸收，未出现X线透射影，临床修复效果好，种植体存活率达100％。结论：Bicon可吸收胶原塞生物相容性好，能促进骨缺损的再生修复，可成功地应用于即刻种植修复中。

Structure analysis of optical fiber coupler with infrared spectrometry

To obtain excellent performance optical fiber couplers, the structural difference of SiO2 in couplers with different manufacturing techniques was investigated. With 740-FT-IR infrared spectrometric analyzer, the infrared absorption spectrum of SiO2 in couplers at different drawing velocities was measured, and two characteristic peaks in the wavenumber range of 6502000 cm-1 were observed. One characteristic peak is at about 943 cm-1, which is （attributed） to Si—O—Si bond asymmetric stretching vibration, the other is at about 773 cm-1, which is attributed to （Si—O—Si） bond symmetric stretching vibration. From the infrared spectrum, it is found that the intensity and wavenumber of the characteristic peaks are related to the manufacturing technique of couplers. The characteristic peak at （about） 943 cm-1 becomes steeper when increasing the drawing velocity. At the drawing velocity of 150 μm/s, the distance between the two characteristic peaks is maximum, and then the optical fiber coupler has excellent performance, indicating that the performance of the optical fiber coupler has a close relationship with the wavenumber of the two characteristic peaks.

Effect of technological parameters on optical performance of fiber coupler

To find out the influence of technological parameters on optical performance of fused optical fiber device, the fiber coupler was served as subject investigated by using the fused biconical taper machining as experimental setup. Fused fiber coupler's optical performances such as insertion loss, excess loss, directivity and uniformity were tested with the optical test system that was constituted of tunable laser and optical spectrum analyzer. Especially the relationship between optical performance and drawing speed was investigated. The experimental results show that the optical performance is closely related to process conditions. At fused temperature of 1 200 ℃, there exists a drawing speed of 150 μms, which makes the device's performance optimum. Out of this speed region, the optical performance drops quickly. At drawing speed of 200 μms, the excess loss is relatively small when the fused temperature is above 1 200 ℃. So the technological parameters have close relationship with optical performance of the coupler, and the good performance coupler can't get until the drawing speed and fused temperature match accurately.

Bicon短种植体修复后牙区牙列缺损临床效果分析

目的观察Bicon短种植体修复后牙区牙列缺损的临床效果。方法选择行后牙区牙列缺损种植修复的患者88例,一期手术植入94枚Bicon短种植体,4~6个月后行义齿修复,根据临床表现及X线检查评价临床疗效。结果 94枚短种植体无松动脱落,均获得良好的骨结合,种植体颈部骨组织稳定,未出现种植体周围炎,种植存留率达100%。结论应用Bicon短种植体种植修复后牙区牙列缺损能减少患者手术费用和痛苦,缩短治疗周期,降低手术风险,获得较高的成功率,易为患者接受。

经牙槽嵴顶上颌窦底提升同期植入短种植体的回顾性研究

目的研究上颌后牙区不同窦嵴距时,采用经牙槽嵴顶上颌窦底提升植骨并同期植入短种植体术后,种植体周围骨高度随时间的变化情况。方法对37例患者进行经牙槽嵴顶上颌窦底提升植骨并同期植入共74枚Bicon短种植体,其中剩余牙槽骨高度(RBH)<4 mm组43个位点,RBH≥4 mm组31个位点。随访5年后,通过临床检查和X线片测量分析不同窦嵴距时,种植体周围骨高度随时间的变化情况。结果 74个种植位点术后窦底提升高度(6.64±1.32)mm,修复负载5年后上颌窦内获得骨高度为(3.35±1.29)mm;RBH<4 mm组和RBH≥4 mm组之间的种植体颈部骨吸收量的差异无统计学意义,而上颌窦内获得骨高度及种植体顶部骨高度的差异有统计学意义。结论上颌后牙区RBH<4 mm时,采用经牙槽嵴顶上颌窦底提升同期植入Bicon短种植体的术式可获得较高的种植体存留率及上颌窦内骨增加量,同时并不会增加牙槽嵴顶骨吸收量。