Existing Problems and Countermeasures of Rural Industry Development in Bijie Experimental Area

The development of rural industries in Bijie City of Guizhou Province leads the comprehensive rural revitalization with industrial revitalization,takes high-quality development as the overall guide,focuses on industrial scale,standardization,branding,and marketization,and strives to extend the industrial chain and enhance the value chain to achieve the prosperity of rural industries.In this study,it investigated the current situation of rural industry development in Bijie City(improving the quality and efficiency of characteristic industries,expanding the quantity and efficiency of agricultural products processing industry,recruiting and cultivating large business entities,expanding and strengthening the brand of agricultural products,and upgrading the rural tourism).Through analysis,it found that there are problems such as small scale of production enterprises,insufficient cultivation of independent brands,short industrial chain,low added value,weak market expansion ability,imperfect interest connection mechanism,and insufficient participation of farmers.Finally,it came up with countermeasures for the development of rural industries in Bijie City,including improving supporting facilities and building an extension base;strengthening leading enterprises and focus on deep processing;highlighting regional characteristics and paying close attention to the docking of production and marketing;enhancing the characteristic brand and strengthening the support of science and technology;promoting collaboration and support,and making innovation in the connection of interests.

类型学视野下汉语量词“粒”和马来语量词“biji”的对比分析

汉语和马来语都有丰富的量词,但是两种语言量词的用法存在差异。本文借鉴量词类型学相关研究成果,对汉语常用量词“粒”和马来语常用量词“biji”进行对比分析。“粒”能计量的事物的范围比“biji”小,“粒”计量的事物必须具有[+小][+近圆]形状特征,而“biji”计量的事物只需具有[+近圆]形状特征即可。另外,“粒”能计量点状类液体、尘埃类事物,而“biji”不能。将考察范围扩展到圆形量词来看,跟汉语、泰语、印度尼西亚语、越南语相比,马来语的圆形量词没有进一步按照大小进行分类。

Township Classification and the Sphere of Influence Based on Voronoi Diagram——A Case of Bijie City

Supported by research available of township system and influential sphere, the research is conducted based on towns in Bijie City, as per Voronoi diagram and breaking point theory. In the research, Shixi Office dominated as the highest center and Salaxi Town and Haizijie Town were sub-centers, supplemented by Yachi Town, Zhuchang Town, Yangjiawan Town, Qingchang Town, Heguantun Town, Qingshuipu Town, Yanzikou Town and Longchangying Town. Hence, township system and influ- ential sphere were determined and related methods and technologies were explored.

Rare earth elements stratigraphic significance in late Permian coal measure from Bijie City, Guizhou Province, China

Rare earth elements （REEs） are good geological indicators. In order to understand REEs stratigraphic significance, REEs in Late Permian coal measure from Bijie City, western Guizhou Province, China were studied. The results showed that the contents of both light rare earth element （LREE） and ∑ REE were sharply increased in the boundary between Longtan Formation and Changxing Formation, which resulted from the gyration and discontinuity eruption of Emeishan basalt （REEs source） and frequent transgression-regression during forming coal. The coal measure and strata could be subdivided and correlate, and the sea-level change could be under stood by studying REEs content variation in coal measure.

Study on REEs as tracers for late permian coal measures in Bijie City,Guizhou Province,China

Analyses of Rare Earth Elements （REEs） in 13 coal samples collected from Late Permian coal measures of Bijie City in western Guizhou Province were conducted using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass-Spectrometry （ICP-MS）. The results indicated that REEs patterns were not controlled by materials from the sea, whereas the contribution of land plants was about 1%. The major sources of REEs were from terrigenous material as indicated by negative Eu anomaly. There were similar distribution curves of REEs between Bijie＇s coal and Emeishan basalt. M12 coal seam, which had the highest ∑REE, appeared near the boundary between Longtan Formation and Changxing Formation, which was closely correlated to the eruption of Emeishan basalt. The Emeishan basalt contributed to REEs enrichment of M12. So the sources of REEs were controlled by terrigenous material, and the Emeishan basalt was the predominant source of terrigenous material, which dominated the enrichment and pattern of REEs in Late Permian coal measure from Bijie.

Research on Model Construction and Technique Support for Integrated Rehabilitation of Rock Desertification in Chaoying Small Watershed of Bijie Test Area of Guizhou Province

Selecting Chaoying small watershed with representative karst rocky desertification in the Bijie test area of Guizhou Province as an example, according to karst rocky desertiflcation degree and the existing eco-environmental problems in the small watershed, we study developmental model and technique support system for integrated rehabilitation of rocky desertification in the small watershed, and bring forward the development model and technique integration for integrated rehabilitation of rocky desertification, which adapt to the karst areas of Bijie test area, Guizhou Province and even South China.

Current Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of Modern Agricultural Construction in Bijie Experimental Area

Firstly,the current situation and existing problems of modern agricultural construction in Bijie experimental area were analyzed,and then the countermeasures of promoting construction and sustainable development of modern agriculture were proposed according to the reality of agricultural development in the Bijie experimental area.

Interactive Development-oriented Poverty Reduction Model for Bijie Experimental Region under the Guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development

Bijie Experimental Region takes the ecological construction as the guarantee and takes population control as the key,to promote development-oriented poverty reduction and explore benign interaction between development-oriented poverty reduction and ecological construction and population control.Development-oriented poverty reduction model includes combination of raising crops and livestock,coordinated development of multiple wealth sources,transferring labor,and partner assistance;ecological construction model includes"Five sons passed imperial examinations",desertification control,agricultural circular economy,and project promotion;population control models includes human-land linkage,combination of favorable policies and propaganda and education,and combination of ambition arousing and education promotion.

Application of System Dynamics in Analyzing the Cultivated Land-Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Bijie Prefecture,China

The cultivated land-water resources carrying capacity （CL-WRCC） with the method of system dynamics （SD） were analyzed. Bijie prefecture of Guizhou province served as a case in this study. Bijie prefecture is one of the least-developed areas in China. In Bijie, the physical and chemical characteristics of karst as well as the rapid economic development lead to the scarcities of cultivated land-water resources （CL-WR）. On the basis of analysis on the subsystems of Bijie CL.WRCC system, the fundamental feedback structure of CL-WRCC was presented by causal loop diagram. Considering the three alms （＂ poverty alleviation and development, ecological construction, and population control＂） of Bijie as the major goals, Bijie CL-WRCC SD model was developed. Three scenarios, resource-saving and environment-friendly development-oriented scenario （Scenario 1 ）, fast economic development-oriented scenario （ Scenario 2 ）, and coordinated development-oriented scenario （Scenario 3 ）, were investigated. Simulation results indicate that Scenario 3 which takes social economic development, environment protection, and cultivated land- water resources utilization into account, is the best alternative scenario. It can promote the coordination development of society, economy, cultivated land, water resources, and environment. In this study, the technological support and the decision-making for the rational use of CL-WR are provided not only in Bijie, but also in other similar regions of China.

The Evolution of Urban and Rural Construction Land Based on Spatial Econometrics:A Case Study of Bijie City

Based on the theory of spatial econometrics,we test and process the urban and rural construction land data during the base period of planning and late period of planning in Bijie City.And we conduct comparative analysis of the spatial pattern and evolution characteristics of urban and rural construction land in 41 towns of Bijie City before and after the planning.According to Getis-ord G i coefficient test results,the cold spot area of urban and rural construction land in northeast of Bijie City will gradually disappear,and the key point of hot spot area will be gradually transferred from the central region to the central and eastern regions.The results show that under the guidance of the overall land use planning in Bijie City,the urban and rural construction land will show strong spatial autocorrelation;agglomeration benefits and scale merit will appear clearly,in line with the actual situation of current development of Bijie City.

毕节烟区烤烟的质量及其空间分布特征

【目的】探明贵州毕节烟区不同植烟地烤烟的质量及其空间分布特征,为毕节烟区烤烟的总体生产布局规划与工业企业合理利用产区不同质量特征烟叶原料提供参考。【方法】选择毕节烟区各县域42个烟叶点126份烤烟样品,运用隶属函数法和聚类分析法分析不同质量烟叶的空间分布特征。【结果】毕节烟区不同产地烤烟的烟碱、总糖、还原糖、淀粉、总氮和钾含量分别为2.40%~3.76%、30.90%~36.33%、23.80%~27.48%、3.49%~5.75%、1.78%~2.50%和2.00%~3.07%。化学成分指标、外观质量指标与感官评价指标间存在相关或极显著相关性。感官质量、外观质量、化学成分和综合得分分别为64.26~77.01分、74.08~84.75分、55.33~86.66分和0.748~1.213分。在平方欧氏距离为5处可将毕节烟区分为4类,综合得分依次为Ⅰ类>Ⅱ类>Ⅲ类>Ⅳ类,其中,Ⅰ类烤烟的感官和外观质量总体表现最好,Ⅱ类烤烟次之,Ⅲ类烤烟差,Ⅳ类烤烟整体较差。Ⅰ类烟区基本分布在毕节中部,大部分集中在大方县和纳雍县域内;Ⅱ类烟区分布在毕节中部和西北;Ⅲ类烟区在毕节占比最大,涵盖毕节的大部分地区;Ⅳ类烟区零散分布在毕节偏北部和偏南部的边缘地区。【结论】毕节烟区在平方欧氏距离为5处分为4类,综合得分依次为Ⅰ类>Ⅱ类>Ⅲ类>Ⅳ类;海拔1300~1800 m区域烟叶综合质量最优,海拔1800~2200 m区域烟叶较优;海拔800~1300 m区域烟叶最差。

一种改进TransUNet的高分辨率遥感影像滑坡提取方法

遥感影像滑坡识别方法对于抢险应急指挥具有重要意义。TransUNet模型由于架构中的注意力机制计算复杂度高,且跳跃连接无法实现相邻特征图之间的对齐,导致模型训练时间长,无法有效利用浅层高分辨率特征信息。针对上述问题,对TransUNet模型架构进行了改进,提出一种改进的流对齐TransUNet(Flow Alignment TransUNet,FATransUNet)模型。将原始结构中的Transformer模块替换为Efficient Transformer模块,有效降低模型的计算复杂度。引入流对齐模块(Flow Alignment Module,FAM),替换原始的跳跃连接、特征拼接和解码阶段中的上采样操作,既能够简化运算过程,又有效融合了浅层中的高分辨率信息。基于开源的毕节滑坡数据集实验表明,FATransUNet模型的F1评分和mIoU分别达到了91.4%和91.1%,均高于其他5种模型(FCN、U-Net、SegNet、DeepLabV3+、TransUNet)的精度,有效抑制了复杂背景对滑坡提取的干扰,提升了高分辨率遥感影像中滑坡的提取精度。

毕节市典型农业园区土壤与农作物硒含量特征

本研究系统采集毕节市4个典型农业园区的表层土壤样品和农作物样品,并对测定数据进行处理分析,为毕节市富硒土地的开发利用和富硒农业的发展提供指导。结果表明,4个农业园区土壤硒平均含量均达到《天然富硒土地划定与标识》(DZ/T 0380—2021)的富硒阈值(0.4 mg/kg),土壤类型是影响土壤硒含量的重要因素。4个农业园区种植的农作物中,茶叶、水稻、玉米和中药材均有发展富硒农产品的潜力。

毕节植烟土壤K、Ca、Mg元素的分布特征与评价

分析了2022年贵州毕节8个产烟县(市)具有代表性的76个烟田土壤样品和273个C3F烟叶样品,结果表明:毕节植烟土壤的pH值平均为6.29,其中,黔西和赫章相对较高而大方与金沙相对较低。大多数地区土壤速效K处于高或极高水平,交换性Mg处于适宜或较高水平,但少部分烟区存在缺K和Mg的现象,土壤交换性Ca的比例差异较大。此外,各烟区烟叶K和Ca含量变化与其在土壤中变化规律基本一致,部分烟区烟叶可能会出现生理性缺镁的现象。由此可知,毕节烟区土壤K、Mg和Ca水平总体上表现良好,部分烟区应注意土壤中K和Ca的施入,同时应注意Mg肥与其他肥料之间的拮抗而造成烟叶的生理性缺镁。

“双碳”目标下陆地生态系统碳汇评估与碳交易机制研究——以喀斯山区毕节市为例

习近平总书记提出要坚持以人为本,让良好的生态环境成为全球世界经济发展的重要支撑,实现绿色低碳可持续发展,应该高度重视应对气候变化,实现“双碳”的目标。在此背景下,开展毕节市碳汇量与碳交易机制的研究具有重要的意义。本文运用GIS空间技术分析法提取研究区不同陆地生态系统面积,采用参考评价模型和生态系统碳汇能力测算系数计算毕节市不同陆地生态系统的碳汇量,并对其碳交易机制进行了研究。研究表明:(1)毕节市森林生态系统面积最大,在碳汇和生态产品价值实现方面发挥了巨大作用,在积极的探索碳交易市场的创新机制和不断推动森林生态效益的最大化的过程中,实现“碳票”变“钞票”;(2)不同生态系统碳汇量由大到小排序为:森林>农田>草原>湿地>荒漠,最大是森林,最小是荒漠,研究揭示毕节市森林生态系统和农田生态系统的碳汇量最大,是主要的碳汇,促进了“双碳”的目标实现和提升了生态产品价值的实现效益;(3)碳交易是实现生态产品价值的重要途径,碳交易机制的研究结论表明根据毕节市碳市场的发展现状及问题分析,从五个方面探索了健全完善研究区碳交易机制的思路,以促进喀斯特山区毕节市碳市场的绿色发展。

毕节市森林生态系统健康度评价

分析毕节市森林生态系统健康度,旨在为区域林业发展提供理论支撑。本次研究在毕节市选择森林样地系统,对阔叶混交林(A)落叶松纯林(B)针叶混交林(C)落叶松中幼龄纯林(D)阔叶树纯林(E)人工针叶林幼林(F)灌木林地(G)等森林类型进行生态系统健康评价指标评价,调查样地健康等级,分析土壤理化性质和森林健康程度的关系。结果得知Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Margalef物种丰富度权重是0.15,无明显差异。阔叶混交林健康等级为A级,主要是因为天然林系统结构复杂,各要素之间形成良好生物循环,物种多样性丰富。落叶松纯林、针叶混交林种植范围广,其群落层次结构复杂,但生物多样性不足,需合理抚育。阔叶树纯林、人工针叶林幼林、灌木林地属于亚健康和非健康状态,密度过大、结构单一。土壤理化性质分析可知,全K含量速K含量、土壤含水量、土壤容重和森林健康评价结果有显著的相关性(P<0.05)。结果证实毕节市森林生态系统健康状况良好,天然林的健康状况优于人工林,近熟林和成熟林比例高。

可持续发展背景下的林草资源发展现状及高质量发展对策——以贵州省毕节市赫章县为例

基于可持续发展背景下,分析贵州省毕节市赫章县林草资源发展现状,结合具体情况探究高质量发展对策,旨在建设生态型林草产业。本研究以贵州省毕节市赫章县为研究对象,采取森林草原湿地荒漠化调查的方式对贵州省毕节市赫章县近年来的林草资源情况进行调查,结合调查结果进行分析。结果证实,赫章县林草资源发展整体趋势良好,林草资源结构完善,风沙治理相对明显,但依然需开展退耕还林以及石漠化治理;特色林业发展有所起色,仍需继续改善,林草保护成果显著。2023年的林地面积较2019年对比减少4.84%,林木蓄积量相对增加25.17%,森林资源质量变化为针叶林面积和阔叶林面积增加,针阔混交林面积减少,整体较为均衡。由此可知,在可持续发展背景下贵州省毕节市赫章县的林草资源相对丰富,但存在退耕项目落实不及时以及特色林业发展急需改善等问题,需结合林草资源发展具体情况,从完善林草建设规划、实现林草资源保护管理、强化生态系统修复整治等方面入手,合理进行林草资源管理,以期为贵州省毕节市赫章县林草产业发展提供可供指导的意见和经验。

3S技术在毕节市林业中的运用

毕节市位于贵州省西北部,拥有丰富的森林资源,林业发展在该地区具有重要地位,随着3S技术在林业领域的广泛应用,有效促进了毕节市林业的高质量发展。本文介绍了3S技术的基本概念,结合3S技术在毕节市森林资源调查、石漠化预警及防治、森林病虫害监测与防治、森林防火预警及林火扑救、植被分类、珍稀野生动物资源调查以及林业碳汇等方面的具体应用,提出了进一步运用3S技术提升毕节市林业管理水平的建议。

贵州毕节民居结构调研及抗震设防水平提升对策

贵州地理位置独特,地质构造有“小震大灾”的特点,毕节市属于贵州地震多发地区。通过实地调研,总结分析毕节民居结构特点,针对抗震设防薄弱环节提出切实可行的对策建议。

毕节市“粮改饲”模式探索

自2017年在毕节市以来,毕节市按照“草畜配套、产销平衡”原则,积极推进“粮改饲”,发展以青贮玉米为主的优质饲草料产业,引导项目县牛羊养殖从饲喂玉米籽粒向饲喂全株青贮适度转变,取得了良好效果,并总结出了抓好收贮主体培育、抓好工作组织保障、抓好补贴资金兑现等经验做法,以及种收养紧密结合型、收养紧密结合型和专业收贮型3种典型技术模式,成效显著,有效促进了该市草食畜牧业发展,带动了广大青贮玉米种植农户增产增收。