Background:Musical perception requires a host of skills.Instrumental musicians place greater emphasis on motor coordination,whereas vocal musicians rehearse vocal sounds.The study explored the differential advantages ...Background:Musical perception requires a host of skills.Instrumental musicians place greater emphasis on motor coordination,whereas vocal musicians rehearse vocal sounds.The study explored the differential advantages of musical background on binaural integration and interaction in musicians(instrumentalists,vocalists)and compared them with age-matched non-musicians.Methods:Eight six participants aged 20e40 y with normal hearing sensitivity were subjected to binaural tests using a standard group comparison research design.The participants were segregated into three groups e Group 1 included instrumentalists(n?26,mean age:17.73±2.83 y),while Group 2 and Group 3 consisted of vocalists(n?30,mean age:19.30±2.47 y)and non-musicians(n?30,mean age:18.20±3.02 y)respectively.The binaural processes namely integration(Dichotic syllable test,DST;and virtual acoustic space identification-VASI)and interaction(Interaural difference thresholds for time and level:ITD&ILD),were administered on all the participants.Results:Statistical analyses showed the main effect of musicianship.Bonferroni pair-wise test revealed that the musicians(instrumentalists and vocalists)outperformed(p<0.05)non-musicians in all the tests.The differential advantage of the musical background was seen on the binaural integration test with instrumentalists performing better in the VASI test compared to vocalists,and vice-versa for DST.No difference was observed in interaction tasks(ITD&ILD)between vocalists and instrumentalists(p>0.05).Conclusion:Musical background-induced differential advantages can be reasonably noted in the binaural skills of instrumentalists and vocalists(compared to non-musicians).展开更多
The binaural masking level difference(BMLD)is a psychoacoustic method to determine binaural interaction and central auditory processes.The BMLD is the difference in hearing thresholds in homophasic and antiphasic cond...The binaural masking level difference(BMLD)is a psychoacoustic method to determine binaural interaction and central auditory processes.The BMLD is the difference in hearing thresholds in homophasic and antiphasic conditions.The duration,phase and frequency of the stimuli can affect the BMLD.The main aim of the study is to evaluate the BMLD for stimuli of different durations and frequencies which could also be used in future electrophysiological studies.To this end we developed a GUI to present different frequency signals of variable duration and determine the BMLD.Three different durations and five different frequencies are explored.The results of the study confirm that the hearing threshold for the antiphasic condition is lower than the hearing threshold for the homophasic condition and that differences are significant for signals of 18ms and 48ms duration.Future objective binaural processing studies will be based on 18ms and 48ms stimuli with the same frequencies as used in the current study.展开更多
The intramolecular photochedcal interaction of a series of bis-coumarinyl compounds with various alkyl chain lengths (An) has been studied in/without the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by fluorescence spectroscop...The intramolecular photochedcal interaction of a series of bis-coumarinyl compounds with various alkyl chain lengths (An) has been studied in/without the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that both photedimerization andexcimer formation can occur in the respective favourable microenvironments.展开更多
The title compound BBBT-Dry (C17H12Br2S5, Mr=536.42) has been synthesized and its structure feature has been described. BBBT-DTT is characterized by one dimensional chains formed by S…S (head to head) and Br…Br (tai...The title compound BBBT-Dry (C17H12Br2S5, Mr=536.42) has been synthesized and its structure feature has been described. BBBT-DTT is characterized by one dimensional chains formed by S…S (head to head) and Br…Br (tail to tail) intermolecular interactions.展开更多
A new ion-pair complex, [BzMeQ1]2[Ni（nmt）2]1（[BzMeQ1]^＋ = 1-benzyl-4-ntethylquino- linium, mnta- -- maleonitriledithiolate） has been synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction ...A new ion-pair complex, [BzMeQ1]2[Ni（nmt）2]1（[BzMeQ1]^＋ = 1-benzyl-4-ntethylquino- linium, mnta- -- maleonitriledithiolate） has been synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction methods. Complex 1 is of triclinic, space group PI, with a = 9.079（2）, b = 10.154（2）, c = 11.243（2）A, α= 81.58（1）, β= 69.63（1）, γ = 68.02（1）°, V= 940.1（3）A3, Dc = 1.427 g/cm^3, Z = 1, F（000） = 418 and R = 0.0442. A 2D layer structure is formed via the cation-cation π…π and C-H…π interactions observed in the solid state of the complex.展开更多
Interface dislocations may dramatically change the electric properties, such as polarization, of the piezoelectric crystals. In this paper, we study the linear interactions of two interface dislocation loops with arbi...Interface dislocations may dramatically change the electric properties, such as polarization, of the piezoelectric crystals. In this paper, we study the linear interactions of two interface dislocation loops with arbitrary shape in generally anisotropic piezoelectric bi-crystals. A simple formula for calculating the interaction energy of the interface dislocation loops is derived and given by a double line integral along two closed dislocation curves. Particularly, interactions between two straight segments of the interface dislocations are solved analytically, which can be applied to approximate any curved loop so that an analytical solution can be also achieved. Numerical results show the influence of the bi-crystal interface as well as the material orientation on the interaction of interface dislocation loops.展开更多
The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relationship between filamin, a known actin binding protein, and myosin and the effects of filamin on the interaction between myosin and actin. Methods.Ultra cent...The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relationship between filamin, a known actin binding protein, and myosin and the effects of filamin on the interaction between myosin and actin. Methods.Ultra centrifugation method was used to investigate the binding of filamin to both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins. Mg ATPase activities of both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins in the presence and absence of actin were measured to observe the effects resulted from filamin actin and filamin myosin interactions. Results. It was found that filamin is also a myosin binding protein. Filamin inhibited the actin activated Mg ATPase activity of phosphorylated myosin and stimulated Mg ATPase of phosphorylated myosin in the absence of actin; in addition, filamin stimulated Mg ATPase activity of unphosphorylated myosin in both the presence or absence of actin. Conclusion. The results suggest that the effects of filamin on the myosin Mg ATPase activities are bi directional, i.e., stimulatory via binding to myosin and inhibitory via binding to actin.展开更多
文摘Background:Musical perception requires a host of skills.Instrumental musicians place greater emphasis on motor coordination,whereas vocal musicians rehearse vocal sounds.The study explored the differential advantages of musical background on binaural integration and interaction in musicians(instrumentalists,vocalists)and compared them with age-matched non-musicians.Methods:Eight six participants aged 20e40 y with normal hearing sensitivity were subjected to binaural tests using a standard group comparison research design.The participants were segregated into three groups e Group 1 included instrumentalists(n?26,mean age:17.73±2.83 y),while Group 2 and Group 3 consisted of vocalists(n?30,mean age:19.30±2.47 y)and non-musicians(n?30,mean age:18.20±3.02 y)respectively.The binaural processes namely integration(Dichotic syllable test,DST;and virtual acoustic space identification-VASI)and interaction(Interaural difference thresholds for time and level:ITD&ILD),were administered on all the participants.Results:Statistical analyses showed the main effect of musicianship.Bonferroni pair-wise test revealed that the musicians(instrumentalists and vocalists)outperformed(p<0.05)non-musicians in all the tests.The differential advantage of the musical background was seen on the binaural integration test with instrumentalists performing better in the VASI test compared to vocalists,and vice-versa for DST.No difference was observed in interaction tasks(ITD&ILD)between vocalists and instrumentalists(p>0.05).Conclusion:Musical background-induced differential advantages can be reasonably noted in the binaural skills of instrumentalists and vocalists(compared to non-musicians).
文摘The binaural masking level difference(BMLD)is a psychoacoustic method to determine binaural interaction and central auditory processes.The BMLD is the difference in hearing thresholds in homophasic and antiphasic conditions.The duration,phase and frequency of the stimuli can affect the BMLD.The main aim of the study is to evaluate the BMLD for stimuli of different durations and frequencies which could also be used in future electrophysiological studies.To this end we developed a GUI to present different frequency signals of variable duration and determine the BMLD.Three different durations and five different frequencies are explored.The results of the study confirm that the hearing threshold for the antiphasic condition is lower than the hearing threshold for the homophasic condition and that differences are significant for signals of 18ms and 48ms duration.Future objective binaural processing studies will be based on 18ms and 48ms stimuli with the same frequencies as used in the current study.
文摘The intramolecular photochedcal interaction of a series of bis-coumarinyl compounds with various alkyl chain lengths (An) has been studied in/without the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that both photedimerization andexcimer formation can occur in the respective favourable microenvironments.
文摘The title compound BBBT-Dry (C17H12Br2S5, Mr=536.42) has been synthesized and its structure feature has been described. BBBT-DTT is characterized by one dimensional chains formed by S…S (head to head) and Br…Br (tail to tail) intermolecular interactions.
基金the President's Science Foundation of South China Agricultural University (No. 2005K092)
文摘A new ion-pair complex, [BzMeQ1]2[Ni（nmt）2]1（[BzMeQ1]^＋ = 1-benzyl-4-ntethylquino- linium, mnta- -- maleonitriledithiolate） has been synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction methods. Complex 1 is of triclinic, space group PI, with a = 9.079（2）, b = 10.154（2）, c = 11.243（2）A, α= 81.58（1）, β= 69.63（1）, γ = 68.02（1）°, V= 940.1（3）A3, Dc = 1.427 g/cm^3, Z = 1, F（000） = 418 and R = 0.0442. A 2D layer structure is formed via the cation-cation π…π and C-H…π interactions observed in the solid state of the complex.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11402133 and 11502128)
文摘Interface dislocations may dramatically change the electric properties, such as polarization, of the piezoelectric crystals. In this paper, we study the linear interactions of two interface dislocation loops with arbitrary shape in generally anisotropic piezoelectric bi-crystals. A simple formula for calculating the interaction energy of the interface dislocation loops is derived and given by a double line integral along two closed dislocation curves. Particularly, interactions between two straight segments of the interface dislocations are solved analytically, which can be applied to approximate any curved loop so that an analytical solution can be also achieved. Numerical results show the influence of the bi-crystal interface as well as the material orientation on the interaction of interface dislocation loops.
文摘The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relationship between filamin, a known actin binding protein, and myosin and the effects of filamin on the interaction between myosin and actin. Methods.Ultra centrifugation method was used to investigate the binding of filamin to both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins. Mg ATPase activities of both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins in the presence and absence of actin were measured to observe the effects resulted from filamin actin and filamin myosin interactions. Results. It was found that filamin is also a myosin binding protein. Filamin inhibited the actin activated Mg ATPase activity of phosphorylated myosin and stimulated Mg ATPase of phosphorylated myosin in the absence of actin; in addition, filamin stimulated Mg ATPase activity of unphosphorylated myosin in both the presence or absence of actin. Conclusion. The results suggest that the effects of filamin on the myosin Mg ATPase activities are bi directional, i.e., stimulatory via binding to myosin and inhibitory via binding to actin.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11204001,11174004)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1208085QA07,1308085MA04)+3 种基金the Higher Educational Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(KJ2013A031)Anhui University Scientific Research Fund(KYXL2012017,KYXL2013009)the "211 Project" of Anhui University(SZJYKC2013020201410357005)
