Treatment of Dyes Wastewater by a New Kind of Bio - Fluid Bed

A new kind of bio-fluid bed used to treat dyes wastewater is described in detail due to its several special features,such as high removal efficiency,simple struc-ture,shock load resistance,etc.By means of analyzing the experiment data,the results show that the dye wastewater’s organic matter is removed greatly after be-ing treated by this new kind of bio-fluid bed.On the other hand,the removal efficiency of chromaticity of

Negative Effects of Sludge Bulking in Membrane Bio-Reactor

Sludge bulking property of membrane bio-reactor was investigated in this study through contrast research. When the sludge bulking appeared, the removal efficiency of COD in membrane bio-reactor increased slightly through the function of filamentous bacteria. However, the negative effects of the higher net water-head differential pressures, the high block rate of membrane pore and the great quantity of filamentous bacteria at the external surface presented at the same time. Thus, plenty of methods should be performed to control sludge bulking once it happened in membrane bio-reactor.

Sludge Bulking Property of Membrane Bio-reactor in Albumen Wqastewater Treatment

Albumen wastewater was treated by Membrane Bio-reactor. Sludge bulking property of Membrane Bio-Reactor was investigated in this study through contrast research. When the sludge bulking appeared, the removal efficiency of COD in Membrane Bio-reactor increased slightly under the function of filamentous bacteria. However, the negative effects of the higher net water-head differential pressures,the higher block rate of membrane pore and the great quantity of filamentous bacteria at the externalsurface pres...

生物膜-膜生物反应器废水处理技术进展

介绍了一种新型的废水处理器—生物膜-膜生物反应器(BMBR),并综述了其技术进展、优点和缺点,比较了几种常见的生物膜膜生物反应器。生物膜膜生物反应器中微生物主要以附着方式生长于填料上,可以延缓膜的污染;反应器中填料的移动可对膜表面进行有效清洗,减轻膜污染;同时该类反应器具有较高的有机物的去除率、脱氮除磷效率,抗冲击负荷能力强。生物膜膜生物反应器是一种具有很好应用前景的废水处理技术。

短波紫外线辐照对近江牡蛎眼点幼虫存活及附着的影响

近江牡蛎(Crassostrea ariakensis)是海洋中主要污损生物之一,对海上养殖设施以及海洋工程装备存在较大的影响。波长短能量大的短波紫外线(UV-C,波长200~280 nm)辐照能够损伤贝类幼虫的DNA和蛋白质结构,影响其存活和附着,可用于防治生物污损。本研究选用二倍体近江牡蛎附着变态期的眼点幼虫为研究对象,采用单一变量法,研究不同强度和剂量UV-C的眼点幼虫致死响应,以及不同UV-C辐照频率和辐照距离下眼点幼虫的附着率差异性。研究结果表明,10 W短波紫外线灯辐照试验中部分处理组和对照组在观测时间段内存在显著差异(P<0.05),24 h后所有处理组试验单元内无存活幼虫,此时对照组存活率为(26.3±1.9)%;20W短波紫外线灯辐照试验中处理组和对照组在所有观测时间段的存活率均存在显著差异(P<0.05),24 h后所有处理组试验单元内没有存活幼虫,此时对照组存活率为(22.3±1.3)%;辐照频率达5 min/h时,平均附着率从(12.83±1.17)%降低至(3.31±0.69)%,显著地降低了附着率;装置距离网衣15和20 cm对附着率的辐照效果无显著差异,与对照组相比均能有效减少附着。本研究可为UV-C防治生物污损的装备设计提供参考。

MBR-RO组合工艺污水回收中试研究

以A2/O-MBR为预处理工艺,构建了MBR-RO组合系统并用于城市污水的直接处理与回收,考察了MBR工艺作为RO预处理的可行性,评价了RO膜的出水水质,分析了不同操作条件对RO膜的渗透性能及膜污染的影响.研究表明,RO出水平均值为TOC<1.3 mg/L、NH4+-N<0.03 mg/L、TN<0.1 mg/L,TP未检出,电导率和浊度分别小于30μS/cm和0.12 NTU,MBR出水中的无机离子已被RO完全截留,MBR-RO系统具有很高的污染物降解能力和脱盐能力,其出水水质可达饮用水水质标准.MBR作为RO的预处理是完全可行的,连续6个多月的运行中RO膜污染表现不严重.

重力流膜生物反应器处理农村污水效能与机制

重力流膜生物反应器(GDMBR)具有低能耗、低维护和出水稳定的工艺特点,然而,目前关于利用GDMBR直接处理农村污水的相关研究较少,为此,探究GDMBR处理生活污水的通量变化规律、污染物去除效能以及不同膜孔径对其的影响。结果表明,GDMBR处理生活污水时可在无反冲洗条件下长期稳定运行,稳定通量为1.3~1.5 L/(m~2·h)。这是由于膜表面生物滤饼层内形成了疏松多孔结构,且膜孔内污染物含量极低。GDMBR工艺可在较低污泥质量浓度的前提下实现对COD和UV_(254)的高效去除,去除率分别为78%和85%,并有效保留污水中的氮源和磷源。此外,不同膜孔径对GDMBR工艺除污染效能的影响甚微,但微滤膜构成的GDMBR系统的稳定通量略高于超滤膜系统。

重力驱动超滤技术处理高浊水的效能及机制研究

重力驱动超滤工艺(GDM)具有低维护、免清洗等特点,是农村净水的实用技术;然而,季节型高浊/暴雨型高浊给GDM系统稳定性造成了巨大挑战。研究构建了间歇曝气耦合GDM工艺直接过滤高浑浊度水,并探究了GDM工艺长期运行的通量稳定机制和净水效能。结果表明,GDM工艺可在无反冲洗条件下长期稳定运行,且耦合曝气后显著提升GDM稳定通量(38.81%),对UV254、氨氮、高锰酸盐指数的平均去除率分别达62.22%、31.04%、33.86%。间歇曝气可促使滤饼层变得疏松多孔,提升滤饼层内的微生物多样性,强化了生物滤饼层对污染物的降解效能。因此,GDM工艺可有效应对水源水季节型高浊/暴雨型高浊问题。

生物铁法-膜生物反应器中膜过滤特性的研究

在浸没式膜生物反应器(简称MBR)处理模拟印染废水的过程中,通过向反应器中投加氢氧化铁絮体,进而形成生物铁污泥,来实现膜污染的防治.从操作压力变化、污泥阻力分布、膜污染电镜照片、污泥显微镜照片、污泥粒径分布等测定和观察结果表明,生物铁法MBR污泥总阻力仅为普通MBR污泥总阻力的1/3,这说明投加氢氧化铁絮体后增加了膜水通量,明显减小了膜过滤阻力.

改良型UCT-MBR在低有机负荷时的试验

目的考察改良型UCT-MBR对有机物、氨氮、总磷的处理效果.方法采用自行设计的折线流膜生物反应器,在低有机负荷时运行60 d,考察其对有机物、氨氮、总磷处理效果.结果在低进水有机负荷的条件下,对有机物、氨氮、总氮的处理取得了较好的处理效果,平均去除率分别达到94.81%,96.47%,75.42%,且膜污染较轻.结论试验表明折线流膜生物反应器工艺运行稳定,有较强的抗冲击负荷能力;改良后的UCT工艺有效提高了生物处理系统的去除效率,减轻了膜负荷,增加了膜的使用寿命.

BF-MBR处理废水及膜污染控制的研究进展

生物膜膜生物反应器是生物膜技术和膜生物反应器的结合,由于其拥有生物量大、降解能力强等优点,是近些年受人关注的水处理工艺之一。本文主要介绍了两类生物载体(生物填料、颗粒污泥)耦合膜生物反应器,并分析评价了近些年来其在废水处理性能和膜污染控制的相关研究成果。阐述了生物填料(悬浮式生物填料、固定式生物填料)的处理效果、降解机制以及微生物群落结构和颗粒污泥在MBR工艺中的培养、稳定、处理现状。同时,分析了两类生物载体对滤饼层、膜孔堵塞以及微生物代谢产物的影响,并对其发展前景做了展望,可为该工艺的工业化应用提供帮助。

A^2/O-MBR污水处理站MBR膜污染及其控制技术研究

本研究以天津某高校A2/O-MBR污水处理站作为工程案例,通过对MBR膜污染及控制技术研究等,为该污水处理站在优化运行、系统性能和稳定性的提高、膜污染控制等方面提出有效方案,具有很好的科研价值。通过试验和分析研究,该校园污水处理站的MBR调控方案为:污泥龄SRT控制在25~35 d,最佳气水比为18∶1,间歇出水抽停比为8∶2(产水泵运行8min,停止2min)。通常情况下,MBR膜组件清洗周期为3个月,根据膜压差选择药洗方式,使MBR膜组件能够恢复较好的通量。

Overview of In—Situ Biodegradation and Enhancement

Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.

3D-Trasar冷却水监测和控制系统

介绍了纳尔科公司最先进的冷却水监测和控制系统3D-Trasar的工作原理和功能。3D-Trasar发展了原有的荧光示踪技术,能同时对冷却水系统的腐蚀、沉积、微生物三方面进行实时、快速检测和控制,及时对冷却水系统的应力扰动作出应对处理,使冷却水系统出现问题风险最小,处理效果更好,成本更低,提高工厂的综合利益。

Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor as Highly Efficient and Reliable Technology for Wastewater Treatment—A Review

In this review paper, Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) is considering as highly efficient and reliable technology for organic material removal from wastewater with no additional energy requirement for aeration. AnMBR is a combination of conventional anaerobic technology and modern membrane system. AnMBR is cost effective alternative technology with pros of anaerobic microbial activity because Methogenic microorganism can convert organic pollutant load of wastewater into renewable energy in the form of methane rich biogas, this conversion is mainly done by transformation of organic matter into energy by high chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS) and pathogens removal. Methane rich biogas can be used as a storable source of supplemental energy for the production of heat or power thus AnMBR technology provides improved effluent quality, reliability, and efficiency over the other traditional technologies. This review paper is included the overview of AnMBR, the advantages over other wastewater treatment technology, operational constraints and the concerned factors that has affected the performances of implemented systems, applications of AnMBR for various types of wastewaters, research and development summary and future perspective for further research.

城市污水资源化技术研究——膜-生物反应器

采用气-水联合反冲洗膜污染防治技术,对一体式膜-生物反应器处理城市污水作为生活杂用水进行了研究。结果表明:出水水质达国家生活杂用水水质标准;气-水联合反冲洗可大幅度地清除沉积在膜表面的泥饼层,减小膜阻力,恢复膜通量,可稳定膜过滤性能。

中国不同海域海洋生物污损特征试验的总结

通过浅海浸泡测试了空白样板和涂覆防污涂层样板的防污性能,深入研究了中国不同海域在不同季节的海洋污损生长情况,包括青岛、舟山、厦门和三亚海域。研究发现青岛海域夏季藤壶生长旺盛,冬季绿藻也有生长;舟山海域夏季节藻生长旺盛,其他污损较少;厦门海域夏季藤壶生长旺盛,而秋冬季节以苔藓虫为主;三亚海域全年气温较高,污损生长以藤壶和盘管虫为主。研究中国不同海域海洋生物污损生长特征,对国内船舶建造和商船运营具有重要的意义。

膜堵塞机理研究与膜阻力测定

对膜污染堵塞机理进行了深入的研究 ,提出了膜内部的生物堵塞机理 ,指出膜表面的浓差极化、膜表面与膜孔内的污染、膜内部的生物堵塞是造成膜通量下降的主要原因。同时对膜阻力进行了测定 ,得出实验所用超滤膜组件的自身阻力Rm 为 5 4 4× 10 1 2 m- 1 ,膜污染产生的总阻力RZ 为 19 88× 10 1 2 m- 1 ,RZ 约是Rm 的 3 6倍 ,是导致膜通量下降的主要因素。