Epidemio-Clinical Profile and Factors Associated with Performance Indicators of Integrated Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children Aged 6 - 59 Months Hospitalized at the Kalaban Coro Reference Health Center

Introduction: Malnutrition is an important reason for consultation in Mali’s health facilities and remains a major public health problem. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemioclinical profile and associated factors with performance indicators of integrated management of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 06 to 59 months. Methodology: this was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection (January 2021 to December 2022). All children hospitalized for severe acute malnutrition in the pediatric department and whose medical records were usable were included. Data collected using a standardized questionnaire was analyzed with SPSS Version 20 software. Results: A total of 534 children were included. The 12 to 23 months age group (49.1%) and the female sex (53.18%) were the most affected. Fully vaccinated children by age represented 49.4%. The predominant form of malnutrition was marasmus (77.7%). Diarrhea/vomiting (30.3%), fever (18.4%) and cough (15.5%) were the main reasons for consultations. Cure, discontinuation and death rates were 78.5%, 2.1% and 9.2%, respectively. On univariate analysis, the factors statistically associated with performance indicators (cure, drop-out, death) were gastroenteritis (P-value Conclusion: This study reveals that the frequency of severe acute malnutrition remains high at the Kalaban Coro reference health center. Better prevention of illnesses such as malaria, gastroenteritis, and respiratory infections, as well as timely referral, could help facilitate its management.

Study on the Meiofauna Community Structure in Sajafi Shores as the Bio-Indicator of Environmental Pollution

In order to investigate the health of the coastal environments, we collected Meiofauna assemblages along intertidal muddy shores of Sajafi in the northwest of Persian Gulf in two seasons (February 2013 and July 2014) from three horizontal transects. Meiofauna are the metazoan components of the benthos, defined by their body size (<500 μm) and are the most diversified elements of the marine biota. They are so sensitive against adverse environmental changes and represent the ecological conditions. Environmental factors (temperature, salinity, DO, and pH), diversity and distribution of Meiofauna and their relationship with each other and with the grain size and TOM in both cold and warm seasons were evaluated. In this study, 56 meiofaunal species were identified in which foraminifera were abundant. The result of Shannon-Wiener in summer 2014 showed the highest value (H' = 3.148) while the lowest value occurred in winter 2014 (H' = 1.5). At the same time, the highest and lowest values of Simpson index (λ) were 0.43 and 0.05 respectively. Sajafi area, according to the Welch model, has a moderate (H' = 1 - 3) to unpolluted (H' > 3) condition compared to neighboring regions.

Parameters Influencing Haematological, Serum and Bio-Chemical References in Livestock Animals under Different Management Systems

Serum bio-chemical and haematological indices constitute important panels in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of livestock diseases via the investigations of myriads of parameters influencing these blood and serum bio-chemical indices. Serum bio-chemical indices, haematological indices and blood electrolytes are critical physiological indices which have health implications on the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of livestock diseases especially in animals bred under different management systems. It is important to stress that cascades of parameters of both genetic and non-genetic origin greatly have direct and in-direct health implications on serum bio-chemical indices and blood electrolytes in livestock animals and subsequently on their health/ production performances. Laboratory blood tests would be a vital tool to help detect any deviation from normal state of wellbeing in animals. Therefore, this review intends to provide base line information to establish certain haematological and serum bio-chemical indices as standard references which can be employed as alternative therapy for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cascades of diseases plaguing livestock animals bred under different management systems especially under the harsh condition of the tropics. Hence, it is important to establish standard values for the various blood and serum bio-chemical indices base on parameters of non-genetic origin;age, sex, physiological state, stress level, management systems, medication, health status, nutrition, hormone, climate, etc. and genetic parameters which include the breed and genotype of the animal among others obviously affect the blood and serum profile of healthy animal which subsequently influence their production performance and efficiency.

Treatment of Dyes Wastewater by a New Kind of Bio - Fluid Bed

A new kind of bio-fluid bed used to treat dyes wastewater is described in detail due to its several special features,such as high removal efficiency,simple struc-ture,shock load resistance,etc.By means of analyzing the experiment data,the results show that the dye wastewater’s organic matter is removed greatly after be-ing treated by this new kind of bio-fluid bed.On the other hand,the removal efficiency of chromaticity of

牙体组织混合Bio-oss在垂直向骨增量中成骨效果的观察

目的探讨牙体组织混合Bio-oss骨粉在垂直向骨增量中成骨效果的观察方法选取2015年6月至2019年6月牙体种植患者100例,按照分层抽样法分为对照组和观察组各50例,两组均行牙体种植,对照组采用牙体组织骨粉植入,观察组采用牙体组织混合Bio-oss骨粉植入,采用ELISA法检测牙周炎症指标,评价两组牙周指标、骨增量、骨厚度、骨密度、并发症发生情况、种植体成功率及骨组织再生成功率。结果观察组修复后3、6、12个月改良出血指数(mSBI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、探诊深度(PD)、骨增量、骨厚度、骨密度与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组修复后3个月牙周炎症指标比对照组低(P<0.05)。观察组总并发症发生率比对照组低(P<0.05)。观察组种植体成功率、骨组织再生成功率比对照组高(P<0.05)。结论牙体组织混合Bio-oss可有效提高垂直向骨增量,有效提高种植牙修复及骨再生成功率较高。

Differential interformational velocity analysis as an effective direct hydrocarbon indicator under velocity reversal conditions,an example from the anomalously high temperature and over-pressured DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea

In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.

A review on the eco-geography of soil fauna in China

This review summarizes main research findings in soil fauna eco-geography in China in the past 30 years. The subject areas and main results were overviewed including biodiversity and eco-geological distribution of soil fauna communities. Studies of ecological distributions of soil fauna and dynamic ranges in space from tropical, subtropical to temperate regions, and in categories from forest, grassland, desert, wetland, farmland to urban ecosystems, the responses and indications of soil fauna to soil environments. Effects of intensive disturbance such as fire, grazing, farming, fertilization on soil fauna include sensitive （e.g. nematode） and rare groups and community indexes. The functions of soil fauna were discussed including environmental construction, environmental purification, litter decomposition and elements cycling. Interactions between soil fauna and other biota in soil ecosystems and linking between aboveground and belowground diversity and the effects of global change on soil fauna community in China were also included. Finally, the authors pointed out common interests in soil fauna eco-geographical studies, which include application of molecule biology into soil fauna taxa; function and mechanism of soil fauna community diversity; interaction between aboveground and belowground ecosystems; effects of disturbance, pollution, biological invasion, and global change on soil fauna community and function. The review is to provide a scientific basis for promoting soil fauna eco-geographical studies in China.

Overview of In—Situ Biodegradation and Enhancement

Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.

Uptake of Ag, Co and Ni by the Organs of <i>Typha domingensis</i>(Pers.) Poir. ex Steud. in Lake Burullus and Their Potential Use As Contamination Indicators

The concentrations of Ag, Co and Ni in the sediments and the different organs of Typha domingensis from Lake Burullus, Egypt, were investigated monthly from February to September 2010 to evaluate the aquatic environment quality of the lake and to test the suitability of these organs for bio-indicating of sediment metals. The sediment heavy metals were found to decrease in the order of Ni > Co > Ag. The sediment contents of Ag were about 45 times above the worldwide range. On the other hand, Co concentrations were below the reference ranges of United States and Chinese soils. The heavy metals bioaccumulation decreased according to the order of rhizome > root > leaf for Ag;and root > rhizome > leaf for Co and Ni. It was found also that, T. domingensis had no significant differences in heavy metals concentrations over time. The transfer factors of Ag, Co and Ni from sediment to below-ground organs were smaller than one. Co had the maximum transport from below-ground to above-ground organs, while Ag had the minimum. There was a significant linear correlation between the concentration of Ag in root of T. domingensis and that in sediment. This result suggested that T. domingensis can be regarded as bio-indicator for Ag pollution of Lake Burullus.

Characterization of Health and Environmental Risks of Pesticide Use in Market-Gardening in the Rural City of Tori-Bossito in Benin, West Africa

A study on the use of pesticides in market-gardening production was carried out on 108 market-gardeners in the rural city of Tori-Bossito in Southern Benin. The objective of the study was to characterize the potential risks of pesticides usage by farmers and the impacts on their health and on the environment. Two risk indexes were calculated for each pesticide: an environmental risk index (ERI) and a health risk index (HRI). First stage larva of the mosquito Aedes aegypti were used as bio-indicator for detecting insecticide residue in vegetable before their harvesting on the farms. The highest ERI were obtained for carbofuran, chlorpyriphos ethyl and endosulfan. Pesticide residues were found in 42% of the samples of leaves of eggplant, cucumber, amaranth and solanum. Vegetables growers used pesticides that may be highly hazardous and which were not registered in most cases. These situations could have unexpected consequences including the exposure of consumers to health hazards.

Validation of novel Japanese indication criteria and biomarkers among living donor liver transplantation recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma - a single center retrospective study

Aim:To validate a novel Japanese indication criteria for liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),i.e.,the 5-5-500 criteria(nodule size≤5 cm in diameter,nodule number≤5,and alfa-fetoprotein(AFP)value≤500 ng/mL)and the Japanese double eligibility criteria(DEC)(patients meeting the Milan or the 5-5-500 criteria)in the University of Tokyo cohort.The usefulness of biomarkers in predicting the recurrence of HCC was also verified.Methods:The overall survival and recurrence rates of patients meeting the Milan,5-5-500,and the Japanese DEC were compared among 153 patients who underwent living donor LT(LDLT)between 1996 and 2019.A receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of AFP,lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP,des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio to detect recurrence.Results:The 5-year recurrence rate for all patients,those meeting the Japanese DEC,5-5-500 criteria,and the Milan criteria was 10.9%,9.2%,7.4%,and 7.6%,respectively.Compared with the conventional Milan criteria,the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC could increase the number of eligible LDLT candidates by 6.1%and 11.4%.Among five biomarkers,the area under the curve value of AFP was the highest(0.852).Conclusion:The results suggest that the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC are the appropriate selection criteria for patients with HCC in LDLT.Among five biomarkers investigated,AFP was most reliable to predict HCC recurrence,which justified the utilization of AFP in the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC.

A Macroinvertebrate Multimetric Index for the Bioassessment of Wetlands Adjacent to Agriculture Fields in the Sanjiang Plain, China

Adjacent intensive agriculture disturbs the natural condition of wetlands.However, to assess the effect of this agriculture on wetlands, few studies have used indices based on aquatic invertebrates.Multi-metric indices(MMIs) have been successfully used to assess freshwater ecosystems worldwide and are an important management tool, but little is known about their applicability in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China.In this study, we developed a MMIs for aquatic invertebrates to assess freshwater wetlands in this region.The aquatic invertebrate assemblages were sampled in 27 wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain that included those in natural reserves and those affected by adjacent, intensive agriculture.Twenty-four candidate metrics were initially reviewed and screened before four core metrics were selected: total number of taxa, number of Hemiptera taxa, proportion of Gastropoda, and proportion of predators.Mann-Whitney U tests, Box and Whisker plots, correlation analyses, and redundant metric tests were used to assess the ability of metrics to distinguish among reference and impaired wetlands.Four ordinal rating categories for wetland were defined: poor, fair, good, and excellent.Of the impaired freshwater wetlands, 76.2% were in poor or fair categories.The MMIs was robust in discriminating reference wetlands from impaired wetlands and therefore have potential as a biomonitoring tool to assess the condition and to guide the restoration efforts of freshwater wetlands in Northeast China.

The Upper Jordan River Algal Communities are Evidence of Long-Term Climatic and Anthropogenic Impacts

Spatial and temporal algal diversity changes were studied in the major drinking water source of Israel - the Upper Jordan River. During 2006-2009, we found 232 species and infraspecies of algae and cyanobacteria: 85 of which were new for the Upper Jordan River Basin including three new for Israel. During many years of study of the Upper Jordan River, we collected information for the database of algal diversity. Historical analysis from 1883 to 2009 shows fluctuation of the whole algal diversity. Environmental indicator species show peaks in 1951, 1965, 1978, and 2009. Salinity impact was found in 1938 and 2000;acidification was detected in 1938, 1996, and 2000, and organic pollution, in 1996. Therefore, we can conclude that 1938, 1996, and 2000 were critical periods for the Upper Jordan River ecosystem. Indication of the trophic status shows stress of organic pollution since the 1970s, which was marked by dramatic increases in eutraphentic and hypereutraphentic species. The present analysis shows three peaks in the fluctuation in diversity throughout the river canal, which correlated with the organic pollution impact from the Masade village effluence in the middle reaches and near Lake Kinneret. Pollution was significant in rainy winters and stimulated species diversity development. The different approaches in comparing diversity in each river of the Upper Jordan Basin revealed that hydrology is a major regulating factor in species composition of the algal communities, which were formed under the influence of regional climatic factors. Therefore, the river can be highlighted as a natural system with high buffering and a self-purification capacity at the present time.

负载天然色素的生物基智能包装指示器研究进展

智能包装指示器能够基于其检测、感知和记录产品环境变化的能力为消费者提供被包装食品新鲜度、安全性或食品环境条件(温度、pH值、气体氛围)等的有效信息,是传统包装传播信息能力的延伸,并且有助于改善危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)和质量分析与关键控制点(QACCP)系统,有助于现场检测不安全食品,识别潜在的健康危害,并制定策略以减少或消除食品安全问题发生。生物基智能包装系统因采用可降解、可再生材料向消费者直观显示包装食品在供应链中的品质相关信息,契合循环经济和可持续发展的需求而备受关注。介绍了以天然色素(花青素、叶绿素、姜黄素和甜菜素等)为敏感元件,以生物基聚合物(多糖、蛋白质、脂质和改性纤维素等)为载体的环境友好型智能包装指示器(pH值感应、时间-温度感应、气体感应等)的类型、功能适应性及其在监控食品品质、储运环境等方面的新趋势、新进展。

开食料中添加纤维素酶对羔羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究开食料中添加纤维素酶对羔羊断奶前和断奶后生长性能、养分消化率、瘤胃发酵及血清生化指标的影响。试验选择初生重相近的24只10日龄湖羊公羔,随机分为2组,每组12只。对照组饲喂未添加纤维素酶的开食料,试验组饲喂添加0.1%纤维素酶的开食料。试验期111 d。羔羊1~9日龄随母羊采食哺乳,10日龄与母羊分开,单栏饲养,并开始饲喂代乳粉和开食料,61日龄断代乳粉。结果表明:1)断奶前和断奶后,开食料中添加纤维素酶显著降低羔羊平均日采食量(ADFI)(P<0.05);断奶前,与对照组相比,试验组羔羊平均日增重(ADG)显著提高(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05);断奶后,与对照组相比,试验组羔羊ADG显著降低(P<0.05)。2)开食料中添加纤维素酶显著提高羔羊断奶前中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)消化率(P<0.05),并显著提高断奶后干物质(DM)和有机物(OM)消化率(P<0.05)。3)断奶前和断奶后,开食料中添加纤维素酶显著降低羔羊瘤胃氨态氮和异戊酸含量(P<0.05);断奶前,与对照组相比,试验组羔羊瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量显著提高(P<0.05),瘤胃pH显著降低(P<0.05);断奶后,与对照组相比,试验组瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸和戊酸均显著降低(P<0.05)。4)断奶前,开食料中添加纤维素酶显著提高羔羊血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性(P<0.05),显著降低血清球蛋白(GLB)和尿素(UREA)含量(P<0.05);断奶后,开食料中添加纤维素酶显著提高血清GLB和总胆固醇(TC)提高(P<0.05),显著降低血清ALB、UREA和GLU含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,开食料中添加纤维素酶能够提高羔羊断奶前和断奶后对饲粮养分的消化率,改善断奶前瘤胃发酵,提高其断奶前生长性能。

生物基抗菌指示膜的研究进展

基于生物基材料的抗菌指示膜可通过膜颜色变化来准确反映出所包装食品的新鲜度。介绍了不同类型生物基抗菌指示膜的抗菌原理,综述了生物基抗菌指示膜的制备方法及其应用领域,并对生物基抗菌指示膜的发展前景进行了展望。

生物菌肥配施对樟子松母树林生长和生理特性的影响

【目的】探讨生物菌肥与不同玉米肥料的配施对樟子松母树林生长及生理特性的影响,以期提高樟子松抗逆性及种子产量,并为樟子松的绿色生产提供技术参考。【方法】以25a樟子松母树林为试验对象,以不施肥作为对照,将生物菌肥、玉米专用肥和玉米追施肥配施共设置10个处理,对樟子松母树生长量及生理指标进行分析。【结果】生物菌肥配施对樟子松树高的增长有显著影响(P<0.05),尤其是沃普尔生物菌肥对树高的促进作用最为明显。施用生物菌肥对樟子松叶绿素、营养物质积累、抗逆性以及过氧化物酶活性具有明显促进作用(P<0.05)。【结论】生物菌肥合理配施不仅可以改善施用有机肥和化肥带来的一系列土壤问题,且能有效提高樟子松母树林的抗逆性。

饲料中添加貉肉骨粉对育成期雄性蓝狐生产性能的影响

试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同水平貉肉骨粉对育成期雄性蓝狐生产性能的影响。选取(30±5)日龄、初始体重为(1.90±0.32)kg的健康雄性蓝狐90只,随机分为6组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别饲喂添加量3.00%(Ⅱ组)、6.00%(Ⅲ组)、9.00%(Ⅳ组)、12.00%(Ⅴ组)和15.00%(Ⅵ组)貉肉骨粉的日粮。预试期7 d,正试期80 d。在正试期第55~57天进行消化代谢试验,消化试验结束后采血,检测血清生化指标。结果表明:①Ⅴ组末体重、平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。②Ⅳ组的干物质、粗蛋白消化率显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅵ组(P<0.05);Ⅴ组粗脂肪消化率显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ组(P<0.05)。③各试验组氮摄入量、氮沉积均显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅵ组净蛋白利用率显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ组蛋白质生物学价值显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。④Ⅴ组血清三酰甘油水平显著低于Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。综合各项指标,饲粮中貉肉骨粉添加量为12.00%时,育成期蓝狐获得较高的生产性能。