Survey Research into Cohesive Device Misuses in Business English Writing

Cohesive devices in students’business English writing are regarded as the object of the research.Based on Haliday and Hasan’s cohesion theory,this paper introduces commonly-used cohesive devices in English writing.With the method of quantitative data,use and misuse frequency of cohesive devices in students’writings can be known.The paper will also analyze why misuses happen through qualitative data analysis and explore right ways of using cohesive devices.

CM-Droid: Secure Container for Android Password Misuse Vulnerability

Android applications are associated with a large amount of sensitive data,therefore application developers use encryption algorithms to provide user data encryption,authentication and data integrity protection.However,application developers do not have the knowledge of cryptography,thus the cryptographic algorithm may not be used correctly.As a result,security vulnerabilities are generated.Based on the previous studies,this paper summarizes the characteristics of password misuse vulnerability of Android application software,establishes an evaluation model to rate the security level of the risk of password misuse vulnerability and develops a repair strategy for password misuse vulnerability.And on this basis,this paper designs and implements a secure container for Android application software password misuse vulnerability:CM-Droid.

Misuse of the metabolic modulator meldonium in sports

1.Biochemical structure and molecular activity of meldonium Meldonium(commercial name Mildronate)was originally synthesized in the mid-1970s at the Institute of Organic Synthesis of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic Academy of Sciences.The chemical structure of this compound(3-(2,2,2-

Methylphenidate Misuse in Adults: Survey of 414 Primary Care Physicians in Germany and Comparison with the Literature

Objectives: This paper deals with the methylphenidate (MPH) misuse by adults in Germany. Results of a survey among primary care physicians/internists have been supplemented by a comparison with the literature. Methods: In the period from October 5-20, 2015, a survey was sent to 414 primary care physicians/internists in four German cities (n = 10 were undeliverable). The response rate was 58% (n = 235). 34 original works on MPH abuse worldwide were found in the literature and are used in the analysis of the present data situation. The literature published before November 9, 2015 is considered in this paper. Results: 14% of the doctors who took part in the survey said that they had been asked for MPH prescriptions without any medical indication. The most frequent reason given for the request (42%) was adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) not verified by documents. According to the comparison with the literature, university students had a lifetime prevalence of MPH misuse ranging from 0.8% to 16.6% and school children had a misuse rate of 4.0%. In the civilian US population, the misuse rate was 4.2%. Among patients in possession of a current MPH prescription due to a diagnosis, the lifetime prevalence was 29% and among adolescents with suspected alcohol and/or drug problems 20%. Conclusions: MPH misuse is a major problem which has not been studied sufficiently. MPH misuse not only plays a role in the field of psychiatry, but also in other disciplines. Misuse particularly following a therapeutic prescription should be taken into account.

Alcohol and tobacco misuse: Reducing aerodigestive cancer risk

Significant concerns over the health,social and economic burdens of the two most common,and frequently co-misused drugs of abuse,alcohol and tobacco,has encouraged focused but separate health promotion and disease prevention policies.However,this separation of focus means that while individuals who present with alcohol-related problems are increasingly supported to attain and maintain abstinence from alcohol they are not routinely assisted to refrain from smoking.This is tragically inopportune as alcohol and tobacco have an established"synergistic"effect on aerodigestive cancer risk.Moreover,even when patients successfully tackle their alcohol problems they remain at increased risk for developing these cancers,especially if they continue to smoke.A case series is presented together with a discussion on how service provision for co-misuse could be improved to obviate aerodigestive cancer risk.Given the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use in the United Kingdom,these observations may have far reaching implications for the individual,health provider(s)and wider society.

Opioid use and misuse in ulcerative colitis

BACKGROUND Patients with ulcerative colitis(UC) may be exposed to opioids over their disease duration. The use of such medications carries significant risk, including intestinal dysmotility and potential for addiction. However, the rates of narcotic use and misuse in patients with UC have not been studied extensively. Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGID) are prevalent in patients with UC, and have been shown to increase the risk of narcotic use and misuse in patients with Crohn's disease. We hypothesized that patients with UC and a concurrent diagnosis of FGID would have increased rates of both opioid use and misuse in our patient cohort.AIM To evaluate the prevalence of chronic opioid use and misuse in UC.METHODS A retrospective chart review of UC patients seen at the University of Virginia Digestive Health Center was performed on all patients evaluated between 2006 and 2011. Patient demographics, medical, surgical, and medication histories were obtained from the electronic medical record. Concomitant diagnosis of FGID was also noted at the time. The electronic prescription monitoring program was accessed to obtain prescription opioid filling histories. Prescription opioid misuse was defined as opioid prescriptions filled from four or more prescribers and four or more different pharmacies in a 12-mo period.RESULTS A total of 497 patients with UC were included. Patients with UC and FGID were more likely to be female, but no other demographic variables were associated with FGID. Of the UC patients who had FGID, a greater proportion were found to be using opioids chronically(36% with FGID vs 9% without FGID, P < 0.0001)and were misusing prescription opioids(12.8% vs 1.3%, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated a significant association with FGID and chronic opioid use(OR = 4.50; 95%CI: 1.91-10.59) and opioid misuse(OR = 5.19; 95%CI1.04-25.76). Tobacco use(OR 2.53; 95%CI: 1.06-6.08) and anxiety(OR 3.17; 95%CI:1.08-9.26) were other variables associated with an increased risk of chronic narcotic use.CONCLUSION FGID was associated with a 4.5-fold increase in chronic opioid use and a 5-fold increased risk of opioid misuse in this patient cohort with UC.

Refining Use/Misuse/Mitigation Use Cases for Security Requirements

We investigate security at the same time as the functional requirements by refining and integrating use, misuse, and mitigation use cases. Security requirements rely on the interactions among normal system execution (use cases), attacks (misuse cases), and necessary security strategies (mitigation use cases), but previous approaches only use a high-level of abstraction. We use refinement to uncover details of each case and the relationships among them before integrating them. We identify and model “includes” and “extends” relationships within each refined case type, and use a condition-driven process that maintains these relationships as refinement continues. We then systematically identify and model “threatens” and “mitigates” relationships to integrate the cases at a detailed level.

Opioid misuse in Canada and critical appraisal of aberrant behavior screening tools

The incidence of prescription opioid misuse in Canada is increasing. Initiatives for safe prescribing practices for opioid medications include risk assessment for current and future opioid misuse. A clinical screening tool that can be universally applied to all patient populations is currently not available. Our objective was to provide a brief narrative review on opioid misuse from a Canadian perspective as well as a critical appraisal of the available clinical screening tools for detecting aberrant behaviors associated with opioid misuse. The Drug Abuse Screening Test, Addiction Behaviors Checklist, Diagnosis, Intractability, Risk and Efficacy Inventory, Pain Assessment and Documentation Tool, Prescription Drug Use Questionnaire, Prescription Opioid therapy Questionnaire, Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain(SOAPP), Revised SOAPP, Pain Medication Questionnaire, Opioid Risk Tool and Current Opioid Misuse Measure were included in the following review. Overall, a wide variability in quality, sensitivity and specificity was observed between screening tools. There is an overall lack of applicability to diverse patient populations as the majority of screening tools have been validated in pain clinic populations only. To conclude, there is a great need for a validated and convenient aberrant behaviors risk assessment tool that can be applied to a diverse patient population in a clinical setting.

An Analysis of the Misuse of Definite Article THE of English Majors

The acquisition and usage of definite article THE has always gained attention from scholars from domestic and overseas due to its difficulty of learning and mastering. As a result, the relative study of definite article THE acquisition has been one of the the most significant tasks of second language acquisition all the time. For English majors, the acquisition of definite articles THE runs through the whole process of language learning and application. Learner＇ s version of foreign language, known as interlanguage, is a kind of language that exists between the mother tongue （Chinese） and the target language （English）. Interlanguage is a systematic unit which changes and develops constantly. Since definite article THE has rather complex and frequently altered usage, it is inevitable that there are a throng of misuse and problems for English majors when they are using definite article THE. This paper intends to do a survey focusing on English majors＇ application situation of definite article THE. Through analyzing the common misuse and mistakes appeared when English majors are using definite article THE, this paper aims to summerize the FAQ （frequently asked questions） and causes of those misuses. At the same time, the 100 experimental subjects of this survey are equally and randomly chosen from freshmen and third year students of foreign languages college, OUC （Ocean University of China）. By comparing the experimental results of two different grade English major students, this paper aims to demonstrate the influence of different grades on the mastering of definite articles THE of English majors.

Ensuring the Authenticity and Non-Misuse of Data Evidence in Digital Forensics

In forensic investigations,it is vital that the authenticity of digital evidence should be ensured. In addition,technical means should be provided to ensure that digital evidence collected cannot be misused for the purpose of perjury. In this paper,we present a method to ensure both authenticity and non-misuse of data extracted from wireless mobile devices. In the method,the device ID and a timestamp become a part of the original data and the Hash function is used to bind the data together. Encryption is applied to the data,which includes the digital evidence,the device ID and the timestamp. Both symmetric and asymmetric encryption systems are employed in the proposed method where a random session key is used to encrypt the data while the public key of the forensic server is used to encrypt the session key to ensure security and efficiency. With the several security mechanisms that we show are supported or can be implemented in wireless mobile devices such as the Android,we can ensure the authenticity and non-misuse of data evidence in digital forensics.

Analysis into Chinese Students＇ Misuse of English Verbs -- From the aspect of Chinese interference

In the course of college English teaching, English teachers may find some errors made by the non-English majors. Errors made when they are using English verbs are analyzed from the aspect of the similarities and differences between English verbs and Chinese verbs in this thesis. We can conclude that the most obvious cause of the misuse seems to be the interference of the first language （L1）, that is, interlingual errors affect the English output of Chinese students. At last, the author calls for more input of the difference between L1 and L2 in L2 teaching and acquisition so that the same mistakes can be avoided.

Misuse of Teaching Gesture from the Perspective of Multi-modal Discourse Analysis and Its Solutions

Based on the teaching video of middle school English teachers, through observation and analysis, it puts forward the problem of less use, wrong use and abuse in the use of teachers' teaching gestures in middle school English teaching. And then it puts forward corresponding solutions from three aspects: concept, theory and practice. Hoping to provide further reference to the complementary role of teaching gesture and teaching discourse.

CAS: ACHIEVEMENTS IN BIO-TECHNOLOGY

During the Eighth Five-Year Plan period(1991-1995), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the CAS) conducted a batch of programs in the field ofbio-technology and achieved major progress.Some research work has come up to advanced world levels and aroused interest from the international scientific community.Some work has received patents,forming a basis for further technology development.Following are some examples:

The Misuse of Tense and Aspect in Online English Writing: A Comparison Between Liberal Arts and Engineering Undergraduates

The core issue concerning the usage of tense and aspect is seen as significantly important(Michaelis,1994;Swales and Feak,2000),especially in English writing in college.This study identifies the erroneous use of tense and aspect in liberal arts students' writing in comparison with that of engineering students' to examine their application ability in writing and identify areas of English learning in need of intensive instruction.This paper displays the frequency rates of errors about two English tenses(the present and the past),two aspects(the progressive and the perfect)based on an online writing corpus of students in two majors,which leads to the result that students in both majors are more likely to make mistakes in the present time and perfect aspect,liberal arts students less influenced.In addition,engineering students writing score seems to be more related to their grammatical errors than that of liberal arts students.To improve their writings,practical teaching strategies such as being aware of cross-lingual influence,practicing grammar on context level,personalized instructions,are also provided.

政府数据不当使用行为的影响路径研究

[目的/意义]任何事物的发展都有两面性,探讨政府数据不当使用行为的影响因素及其作用机制,有助于充分发挥政府数据价值,为加快“数字中国”的建设提供参考依据。[方法/过程]运用元分析对政府数据不当使用行为相关实证研究文献进行分析,提取影响因素,分析影响效应,确定条件变量;在确定条件变量的基础上,基于典型案例运用fsQCA探讨各影响因素的组态路径。[结果/结论]政府数据不当使用行为的9个影响因素之间形成8条影响路径,并呈现三种组合效用类型,分别为“多要素复合驱动型”“技术主导型”“内外双重加持型”。其影响效应是:政府数据不当使用行为的发生与核心条件不存在必然联系;技术发展水平在政府数据不当使用行为的发生机制里发挥重要作用;外部社会影响的复杂性和内部数据质量的多面性使得多因素之间形成不同的作用机制。

中国家庭追踪调查:设计理念及数据运用问题

中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)作为我国首创的全国性、大规模、多学科的长期固定样本追踪调查为研究中国变迁提供了宝贵资料。该项目2010年启动全国首轮基线调查,调查样本覆盖全国25个省(区、市)的14960户家庭。基线调查后,项目保持隔年回访、双年采集数据的追踪模式,截至2022年,CFPS已完成七轮全国调查,前六轮(2010—2020)的数据已面向公众开放。作为学术和政策研究的重要资料,CFPS注册用户已超过12万,每天都有基于CFPS的科研成果产出。但CFPS在使用上具有一定的门槛,不了解项目理念可能导致数据误用,进而影响研究结果的有效性。为了让研究者能够科学、规范地使用CFPS数据,本文将结合CFPS在调查设计和管理上的四个特点——综合性、嵌套性、追踪性和规范性,分别解读CFPS的设计和管理理念,并对用户在数据使用过程中的常见问题及误区进行回应。

知识产权滥用的教义学构造

我国现行法上的禁止知识产权滥用制度是不完备的。不仅知识产权滥用的构成要件不清晰,而且法效果欠缺。在构成要件上,首先,知识产权滥用是行使知识产权的行为。所行使的知识产权包括原权利与救济性权利。其中,原权利包括严格意义上的权利与法益。知识产权人提起恶意诉讼并不必然构成知识产权滥用。在构成滥用的情形,恶意诉讼涉及的是救济性权利的滥用,而非诉权滥用。其次,知识产权滥用是不正当的知识产权行使方式。在权利行使方式正当与否的判断标准上,立法目的是隐藏在行权目的之下的真正判断标准。具体应以知识产权法而非反垄断法的立法目的作为判断标准。著作权滥用仅有前述两项构成要件,但专利权与商标权滥用还有额外的第三项要件,即不与效力审查职权上的双轨制相冲突。滥用知识产权,将导致权利人与滥用所针对的义务人之间的霍菲尔德式法律关系发生两种变化。

针对大语言模型生成的密码应用代码安全性分析

随着大语言模型在软件开发领域的广泛应用,在提升开发效率的同时也引入了新的安全风险,特别是在对安全性要求较高的密码学应用领域。文章针对大语言模型提出了一个密码应用安全评估的开源提示词库LLMCrypto SE,该词库包含460个密码场景自然语言描述提示词。同时,通过对大语言模型生成的代码片段进行深入分析,着重评估了密码API使用不当的情况,采用静态分析工具CryptoGuard结合人工的方法进行审查。在评估ChatGPT3.5、文心3.5和星火3.5等主流大语言模型时,文章对生成的1380个代码片段进行了密码误用检测,发现52.90%的代码片段至少存在一处密码误用,其中星火3.5大模型表现较佳,误用率为48.48%。文章不仅揭示了当前大语言模型在密码应用代码安全性方面所面临的挑战,还为模型的使用者和开发者提出了一系列增强安全性的建议,旨在为大语言模型在密码领域的推广应用提供实践指导。

Drug Use and Abuse among Orthopedic Ward Patients—A Revolving Cycle of Menace in Atbuth, Bauchi

Background: The use of drugs for purposes other than those for which they are meant to be used or in excess amounts. Psychoactive drugs are some of the drugs more commonly abused, also, antibiotics and other medications too can be misused. Drug abuse and misuse can lead to serious social, medical and emotional harm to the patients, and antibiotic resistance that makes treatment harder are also likely complications. Method: Patients in both male and female wards of the Orthoepaedics Department of ATBUTH, Bauchi were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and their responses were recorded and data were analyzed using the SPSS version 29. Results: A total of 112 patients were interviewed, 76 males and 36 females. Thirty-two (28.6%) patients had taken various kinds of unprescribed medications while on admission: 9 patients had taken unprescribed tramadol, 4 patients had taken codeine, 6 Ampiclox, 5 flagyl and about 8 patients had taken different kinds of traditional medications while on admission. Among the 32 patients, 23 (72%) are aged less than 30 years, 5 (16%) are aged between 30 and 50 years and 4 (12%) are aged above 50 years. Sixteen (50%) had such medications brought to them by relatives or friends, 10 (30%) were given by other patients on admission, 5 (15%) brought or bought the drugs by themselves while 1 (5%) were given by a non-clinical staff of the hospital. Conclusion: Drug misuse and abuse is a very serious, deleterious practice with destructive consequences in its wake, such consequences as drug dependency with all its antecedent effects, antibiotic resistance and difficulties in controlling/managing infections are but a few. So, it’s very important to both educate patients about these terrible practices and cope with the spread of them in our wards and hospitals.

译者标点符号错误的编辑反馈:基于编辑手稿的描述研究

标点符号是译本独立成篇的基本要素之一。与译文内容校对不同,译文标点符号校对不以对等为标准,而以目的语规范为导向。本文基于三部译著的校对手稿,系统标注、统计与分析了编辑对译稿标点符号的修改反馈,发现逗号和句号是编辑校对最频繁的标点符号,其中更正频次高于增补和删除,这反映出译者误用标点多于多用和少用标点。在标点更正中,逗号主要被改为顿号、句号和破折号,句号主要被改为逗号。此外,括号、双引号、连接号被校对的数量也较多,括号校对主要为中括号改为小括号,双引号校对以增补为主,连接号校对主要为半字线与一字线的相互更正。分析表明,译者要么过度使用体现汉语句法特征的标点符号,要么受英语渗透影响忠实复制原文标点符号,要么相对原文增加不规范的标点符号。