Maintaining biodiversity will define our long-term success

Human beings are not only a part of our planet's ecosystems,but also,they are massively overusing them.This makes ecosystem protection,including biodiversity preservation,vital for humanity's future.The speed and scale of the threat are unprecedented in human history.The long arch of evolution has been confronted with such a high level of human impact,that we are now facing the sixth mass extinction event,66 million years after the last one.This threat heightens the imperative for bold human intervention.Our paper identifies three strategies for such an intervention.First,and possibly most challenging,human demand needs to be curbed so it fits within the bounds of what Earth's ecosystems can renew.Without meeting this quantitative goal,biodiversity preservation efforts will not be able to get scaled.Second,in the transition time,we must focus on those locations and areas where most biodiversity is concentrated.Such a focus on‘hotspots’will help safeguard the largest portion of biodiversity with least effort.Third,to direct biodiversity preservation strategies,we need to much better document the existence and distribution of biodiversity around the globe.New information technologies could help with this critical effort.In conclusion,biodiversity preservation is no longer just a concern for specialized biologist but is becoming a societal necessity if humanity wants to have a stable future.

Integrated Coastal Management Dynamic Models:A Case Study of Development Seaweed Cultivation in the Waters Luwu and Palopo Regency Bone Bay,South Sulawesi

Waters carrying capacity in seaweed of Eucheuma cottonii cultures should be a concern for optimum seaweed culture.Carrying capacity can determine by Ecological Footprint(EF)analysis,which in this research use footprint production,and mas balance nitrate analysis.This research on Mei 2015(1st transitional season)and September 2015(2nd transitional season)in Luwu and Palopo,South Sulawesi.Map and land use analyzed with geographic information systems(GIS).The results showed that the Ecological Footprint production(EFP)in Luwu waters is 67,88 ton/capita/year,or equivalent to 235.823,93 tons/year.Based on the analysis of the availability of water for seaweed is 38.374,69 hectares,it can produce seaweed(biocapacity)for 922.928,96 tons/year and the number of farmers that allows for use the waters is 13.595 capita.The Ecological Footprint production(EFp)in Palopo waters is 3,08 ton/capita/year,or equivalent to 4.589,99 tons/year.Water availability analysis is 979,82 hectares are able to produce seaweed(biocapacity)for10.115,34 ton/year and the number of farmers that allows for use the waters is 3.276 capita.Based on the four scenario simulation management results of the development seaweed cultivation Eucheuma cottonii in Luwu and Luwu Regency is based on the present waste input,pressing inputs of waste into the waters of 10%,25%and 50%yield different waters biocapacity.The results comparison between biocapacity and Ecological Footprint,ecological status for Luwu and Palopo waters are still in sustainable use.Based on those simulation results showed that in second scenario by pressing the waste input by 10%from the existing waste input,as well as assuming the availability of water utilizing the entire area of 38.374,69 hectares continuously(on the years scale of 2008-2030),it will produce the highest biocapacity waters in the amount of 8.257.274,94 tons/year.So with the management of seaweed in Palopo with second scenario,assuming the availability of water utilizing the entire area of 979,82 hectares will produce the highest waters biocapacity of 14.306,92 tons/year.