Purpose:To compare the differences in the clinical characteristics of multifocal choroiditis(MFC) and punctate inner choriodopathy(PIC).Methods:A cross-sectional study,consisting of 22 cases(37 eyes) with MFC and 11 c...Purpose:To compare the differences in the clinical characteristics of multifocal choroiditis(MFC) and punctate inner choriodopathy(PIC).Methods:A cross-sectional study,consisting of 22 cases(37 eyes) with MFC and 11 cases(18 eyes) with PIC,was carried out.Multiple indexes were measured and analysed to compare the differences in clinical characteristics of the subjects between two groups,including BCVA,avergae age,sex composition,presence of intraocular inflammation,choroidal neovascularization(CNV),and intraocular inflammation complications,such as cataract,cystoid macular edema(CME) and epiretinal membrane(ERM).Results:The avergae age of the MFC and PIC patients were(48.1±13.9) years and(32.1±10.2) years with a significant difference(P=0.043).CNV occurred more frequently in patients with PIC(PIC,55.6%;MFC,21.6%;P=0.016) compared with those with MFC.MFC patients had a higher frequency of intraocular inflammation complications,such as,cataract(27.0%),CME(35.1%),ERM(5.4%).PIC patients presented none of these complications.MFC subjects presented with more visual impairments than PIC patients.Totally 51.4% of MFC patients had visual impairments and 22.2% of PIC patients had BCVA < 0.3(P=0.047).Conclusion:Both MFC and PIC are categorized into the umbrella term of "white spot syndromes".Although sharing similar ocular expressions,they present with different clinical characteristics.Patients with PIC had a higher frequency of CNV but a lower frequency of structural complications caused by intraocular inflammation and lower frequency of visual impairments compared with MFC counterparts.展开更多
The goal of this paper is to enhance a practical nominal characteristic trajectory following(NCTF) controller that is specifically designed for two-mass point-to-point positioning systems. A nominal characteristics tr...The goal of this paper is to enhance a practical nominal characteristic trajectory following(NCTF) controller that is specifically designed for two-mass point-to-point positioning systems. A nominal characteristics trajectory contained in the NCTF controller acts as movement/motion reference and a compensator is utilized to force the object to detect and follow the reference/desired trajectory. The object must follow and track closely and should be as fast as possible. The NCTF controller is designed with two different intelligent based compensator approaches which are fuzzy logic and extended minimal resource allocation network. The proposed controller which is NCTF are compared with the conventional proportional integral compensator. Then the results of simulation are discussed for the positioning performances. The inertia variations due to the effect of the design parameters are also assessed to see the robustness of controllers. The results show that the NCTF control method designed from an intelligent based compensator has a better positioning performance in terms of percentage of overshoot, settling time, and steady state error than the classical based compensator.展开更多
文摘Purpose:To compare the differences in the clinical characteristics of multifocal choroiditis(MFC) and punctate inner choriodopathy(PIC).Methods:A cross-sectional study,consisting of 22 cases(37 eyes) with MFC and 11 cases(18 eyes) with PIC,was carried out.Multiple indexes were measured and analysed to compare the differences in clinical characteristics of the subjects between two groups,including BCVA,avergae age,sex composition,presence of intraocular inflammation,choroidal neovascularization(CNV),and intraocular inflammation complications,such as cataract,cystoid macular edema(CME) and epiretinal membrane(ERM).Results:The avergae age of the MFC and PIC patients were(48.1±13.9) years and(32.1±10.2) years with a significant difference(P=0.043).CNV occurred more frequently in patients with PIC(PIC,55.6%;MFC,21.6%;P=0.016) compared with those with MFC.MFC patients had a higher frequency of intraocular inflammation complications,such as,cataract(27.0%),CME(35.1%),ERM(5.4%).PIC patients presented none of these complications.MFC subjects presented with more visual impairments than PIC patients.Totally 51.4% of MFC patients had visual impairments and 22.2% of PIC patients had BCVA < 0.3(P=0.047).Conclusion:Both MFC and PIC are categorized into the umbrella term of "white spot syndromes".Although sharing similar ocular expressions,they present with different clinical characteristics.Patients with PIC had a higher frequency of CNV but a lower frequency of structural complications caused by intraocular inflammation and lower frequency of visual impairments compared with MFC counterparts.
文摘The goal of this paper is to enhance a practical nominal characteristic trajectory following(NCTF) controller that is specifically designed for two-mass point-to-point positioning systems. A nominal characteristics trajectory contained in the NCTF controller acts as movement/motion reference and a compensator is utilized to force the object to detect and follow the reference/desired trajectory. The object must follow and track closely and should be as fast as possible. The NCTF controller is designed with two different intelligent based compensator approaches which are fuzzy logic and extended minimal resource allocation network. The proposed controller which is NCTF are compared with the conventional proportional integral compensator. Then the results of simulation are discussed for the positioning performances. The inertia variations due to the effect of the design parameters are also assessed to see the robustness of controllers. The results show that the NCTF control method designed from an intelligent based compensator has a better positioning performance in terms of percentage of overshoot, settling time, and steady state error than the classical based compensator.
