In the present work, bacterial soil communities of different grapevine exploitation samples are studied in order to elucidate the possible influence of different agrarian management techniques （use of fertilizers, ir...In the present work, bacterial soil communities of different grapevine exploitation samples are studied in order to elucidate the possible influence of different agrarian management techniques （use of fertilizers, irrigation with river water） may have on the rhizospheric microbiome of Vitis vinifera plants. Therefore, it is postulated the Cenophenoresistome as a novel methodology to evaluate complex communities＇ global resistance against different antibiotics, by using and adjusting a serial of techniques traditionally applied to evaluate a monospecific population＇s resistance against antibiotics （Vitek, ATB and disk diffusion methods）. Likewise, the metabolic profile （CLPP： comunity level physiological profile） of bacterial communities is studied by Biolog ECO. In relation to the functional structure of the bacterial communities, it is observed that the metabolic profile （diversity, kinetics and CLPP） of unexploited soils differs from soils under anthropic influence. It is discussed the causes of resistance in the human clinic antibiotic treatment based on the agrarian management, especially with the contamination transmitted by irrigation water, which could be associated with changes in edaphic communities. The results obtained in the present study through two different approaches （Cenophenoresistome and metabolic profiles） are consistent with each other, suggesting that both methods can be good bioindicators of the state of humankind-altered soils that host natural ecosystems. Likewise, the concept of Cenophenoresistome is proposed as a bioindicator of soil response to alteration processes, as well as a possible predictor of its evolution in edaphic remediation processes.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the outcomes in biological treatment and quality of life of psoriatic patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) treated with new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents(DAAs) compared to pegylated interferon-2α p...AIM To evaluate the outcomes in biological treatment and quality of life of psoriatic patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) treated with new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents(DAAs) compared to pegylated interferon-2α plus ribavirin(P/R) therapy.METHODS This is a retrospective study involving psoriatic patients in biological therapy who underwent anti-hepatitis C virus(HCV) treatment at the Department of Dermatology Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute Milan, Italy from January 2010 to November 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: patients that underwent therapy with DAAs and patients that underwent HCV treatment with P/R. Patients were assessed by a dermatologist for psoriasis symptoms, collecting Psoriasis Area Severity Index(PASI) scores and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index(DLQI). PASI and DLQI scores were evaluated 24 wk after the end of HCV treatment and were assumed as an outcome of the progression of psoriasis. Switching to a different b DMARD was considered as an inadequate response to biological therapy. The dropout of HCV therapy and sustained virological response(SVR) were considered as outcomes of HCV therapy.RESULTS Fifty-nine psoriatic patients in biological therapy underwent antiviral therapy for CHC. Of this, 27 patients were treated with DAAs and 32 with P/R. After 24 wk post treatment, the DLQI and the PASI scores were significantly lower(P < 0.001 and P < 0.005, respectively) in the DAAs group compared with P/R group. None of the patients in the DAAs group(0/27) compared to 8 patients of the P/R group(8/32) needed a shift in biological treatment.CONCLUSION DAAs seem to be more effective and safe than P/R in HCV-positive psoriatic patients on biological treatment. Fewer dermatological adverse events may be due to interferon-free therapy.展开更多
利用4种入侵植物的水提取液及其与农药的混合液对假眼小绿叶蝉进行趋避和毒杀试验,结果表明,生药量为1g/mL的薇甘菊水提取液和马樱丹水提液对假眼小绿叶蝉趋避效最好;1 g/mL的薇甘菊水提取液与2.5%联苯菊酯20 mL 900倍液混合液对假眼小...利用4种入侵植物的水提取液及其与农药的混合液对假眼小绿叶蝉进行趋避和毒杀试验,结果表明,生药量为1g/mL的薇甘菊水提取液和马樱丹水提液对假眼小绿叶蝉趋避效最好;1 g/mL的薇甘菊水提取液与2.5%联苯菊酯20 mL 900倍液混合液对假眼小绿叶蝉的毒杀效果与2.5%联苯菊酯35 mL 900倍液的杀虫效果相当。4种入侵植物水提液对假眼小绿叶蝉的防治效果强弱依次为薇甘菊>马缨丹>南美蟛蜞菊>五爪金龙。展开更多
为了获得对葡萄霜霉病具有拮抗效果的生防菌株,本研究通过平板稀释法从葡萄园土壤中分离细菌,采用离体叶片混合点样法筛选拮抗菌,并进行了田间防效试验。根据菌株的形态学及16S r DNA序列分析对其进行鉴定,并检测了菌株T3的代谢产物。...为了获得对葡萄霜霉病具有拮抗效果的生防菌株,本研究通过平板稀释法从葡萄园土壤中分离细菌,采用离体叶片混合点样法筛选拮抗菌,并进行了田间防效试验。根据菌株的形态学及16S r DNA序列分析对其进行鉴定,并检测了菌株T3的代谢产物。在分离获得的31株细菌中,菌株T1-2和T3发酵液对葡萄霜霉病菌的室内抑制率与对照枯草芽胞杆菌CN181一致,均为100%;2次田间试验均表明,在7 d时,清水对照的病情指数增加值平均为44.3,菌株T3发酵液的病病情指数增加值平均为21.0,对葡萄霜霉病的相对防治效果为52.4%,与菌株CN181发酵液无显著差异。经鉴定,菌株T3为甲基营养型芽胞杆菌Bacillus methylotrophicus,且该菌株在代谢过程中可产生蛋白酶、纤维素酶和嗜铁素等抑菌物质。研究结果表明,菌株T3对葡萄霜霉病菌具有强烈的抑制作用,并对葡萄霜霉病具有较好的防治效果。展开更多
文摘In the present work, bacterial soil communities of different grapevine exploitation samples are studied in order to elucidate the possible influence of different agrarian management techniques （use of fertilizers, irrigation with river water） may have on the rhizospheric microbiome of Vitis vinifera plants. Therefore, it is postulated the Cenophenoresistome as a novel methodology to evaluate complex communities＇ global resistance against different antibiotics, by using and adjusting a serial of techniques traditionally applied to evaluate a monospecific population＇s resistance against antibiotics （Vitek, ATB and disk diffusion methods）. Likewise, the metabolic profile （CLPP： comunity level physiological profile） of bacterial communities is studied by Biolog ECO. In relation to the functional structure of the bacterial communities, it is observed that the metabolic profile （diversity, kinetics and CLPP） of unexploited soils differs from soils under anthropic influence. It is discussed the causes of resistance in the human clinic antibiotic treatment based on the agrarian management, especially with the contamination transmitted by irrigation water, which could be associated with changes in edaphic communities. The results obtained in the present study through two different approaches （Cenophenoresistome and metabolic profiles） are consistent with each other, suggesting that both methods can be good bioindicators of the state of humankind-altered soils that host natural ecosystems. Likewise, the concept of Cenophenoresistome is proposed as a bioindicator of soil response to alteration processes, as well as a possible predictor of its evolution in edaphic remediation processes.
文摘AIM To evaluate the outcomes in biological treatment and quality of life of psoriatic patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) treated with new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents(DAAs) compared to pegylated interferon-2α plus ribavirin(P/R) therapy.METHODS This is a retrospective study involving psoriatic patients in biological therapy who underwent anti-hepatitis C virus(HCV) treatment at the Department of Dermatology Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute Milan, Italy from January 2010 to November 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: patients that underwent therapy with DAAs and patients that underwent HCV treatment with P/R. Patients were assessed by a dermatologist for psoriasis symptoms, collecting Psoriasis Area Severity Index(PASI) scores and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index(DLQI). PASI and DLQI scores were evaluated 24 wk after the end of HCV treatment and were assumed as an outcome of the progression of psoriasis. Switching to a different b DMARD was considered as an inadequate response to biological therapy. The dropout of HCV therapy and sustained virological response(SVR) were considered as outcomes of HCV therapy.RESULTS Fifty-nine psoriatic patients in biological therapy underwent antiviral therapy for CHC. Of this, 27 patients were treated with DAAs and 32 with P/R. After 24 wk post treatment, the DLQI and the PASI scores were significantly lower(P < 0.001 and P < 0.005, respectively) in the DAAs group compared with P/R group. None of the patients in the DAAs group(0/27) compared to 8 patients of the P/R group(8/32) needed a shift in biological treatment.CONCLUSION DAAs seem to be more effective and safe than P/R in HCV-positive psoriatic patients on biological treatment. Fewer dermatological adverse events may be due to interferon-free therapy.
文摘利用4种入侵植物的水提取液及其与农药的混合液对假眼小绿叶蝉进行趋避和毒杀试验,结果表明,生药量为1g/mL的薇甘菊水提取液和马樱丹水提液对假眼小绿叶蝉趋避效最好;1 g/mL的薇甘菊水提取液与2.5%联苯菊酯20 mL 900倍液混合液对假眼小绿叶蝉的毒杀效果与2.5%联苯菊酯35 mL 900倍液的杀虫效果相当。4种入侵植物水提液对假眼小绿叶蝉的防治效果强弱依次为薇甘菊>马缨丹>南美蟛蜞菊>五爪金龙。
文摘为了获得对葡萄霜霉病具有拮抗效果的生防菌株,本研究通过平板稀释法从葡萄园土壤中分离细菌,采用离体叶片混合点样法筛选拮抗菌,并进行了田间防效试验。根据菌株的形态学及16S r DNA序列分析对其进行鉴定,并检测了菌株T3的代谢产物。在分离获得的31株细菌中,菌株T1-2和T3发酵液对葡萄霜霉病菌的室内抑制率与对照枯草芽胞杆菌CN181一致,均为100%;2次田间试验均表明,在7 d时,清水对照的病情指数增加值平均为44.3,菌株T3发酵液的病病情指数增加值平均为21.0,对葡萄霜霉病的相对防治效果为52.4%,与菌株CN181发酵液无显著差异。经鉴定,菌株T3为甲基营养型芽胞杆菌Bacillus methylotrophicus,且该菌株在代谢过程中可产生蛋白酶、纤维素酶和嗜铁素等抑菌物质。研究结果表明,菌株T3对葡萄霜霉病菌具有强烈的抑制作用,并对葡萄霜霉病具有较好的防治效果。
