Although nano-immunotherapy has advanced dramatically in recent times,there remain two significant hurdles related to immune systems in cancer treatment,such as(namely)inevitable immune elimination of nanoplat-forms a...Although nano-immunotherapy has advanced dramatically in recent times,there remain two significant hurdles related to immune systems in cancer treatment,such as(namely)inevitable immune elimination of nanoplat-forms and severely immunosuppressive microenvironment with low immunogenicity,hampering the perfor-mance of nanomedicines.To address these issues,several immune-regulating camouflaged nanocomposites have emerged as prevailing strategies due to their unique characteristics and specific functionalities.In this review,we emphasize the composition,performances,and mechanisms of various immune-regulating camouflaged nano-platforms,including polymer-coated,cell membrane-camouflaged,and exosome-based nanoplatforms to evade the immune clearance of nanoplatforms or upregulate the immune function against the tumor.Further,we discuss the applications of these immune-regulating camouflaged nanoplatforms in directly boosting cancer immunotherapy and some immunogenic cell death-inducing immunotherapeutic modalities,such as chemo-therapy,photothermal therapy,and reactive oxygen species-mediated immunotherapies,highlighting the cur-rent progress and recent advancements.Finally,we conclude the article with interesting perspectives,suggesting future tendencies of these innovative camouflaged constructs towards their translation pipeline.展开更多
基金Financial support from the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2019YFE0113600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,81971734,and 32071323)Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in Fujian Province University,and the Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University(20BS104).
文摘Although nano-immunotherapy has advanced dramatically in recent times,there remain two significant hurdles related to immune systems in cancer treatment,such as(namely)inevitable immune elimination of nanoplat-forms and severely immunosuppressive microenvironment with low immunogenicity,hampering the perfor-mance of nanomedicines.To address these issues,several immune-regulating camouflaged nanocomposites have emerged as prevailing strategies due to their unique characteristics and specific functionalities.In this review,we emphasize the composition,performances,and mechanisms of various immune-regulating camouflaged nano-platforms,including polymer-coated,cell membrane-camouflaged,and exosome-based nanoplatforms to evade the immune clearance of nanoplatforms or upregulate the immune function against the tumor.Further,we discuss the applications of these immune-regulating camouflaged nanoplatforms in directly boosting cancer immunotherapy and some immunogenic cell death-inducing immunotherapeutic modalities,such as chemo-therapy,photothermal therapy,and reactive oxygen species-mediated immunotherapies,highlighting the cur-rent progress and recent advancements.Finally,we conclude the article with interesting perspectives,suggesting future tendencies of these innovative camouflaged constructs towards their translation pipeline.
