This article gives a brief introduction to the damage brought about by biotic invasion and its causes, and analyzes its impact on national development, ecological safety and the production of agriculture, forestry and...This article gives a brief introduction to the damage brought about by biotic invasion and its causes, and analyzes its impact on national development, ecological safety and the production of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. In addition, it expounds the necessity, urgency and cardinal significance in promoting related scientific research in this country. The authors stress that research work should be concentrated on the ecological effects of non-indigenous species in the light of the national demands, world research frontiers and high-tech application. That involves the process of an invasive organism's immigration and propagation, short-term evolution, latent buildup, ecological adaptation, competition and outbreak as well as the process in which the new ecosystem's original structure and functions unfold their role of rejection and assimilation.展开更多
Species introduced to habitats outside their native range often escape control by their natural enemies.Besides competing with native species,an alien species might also affect the native herbivores by introducing a n...Species introduced to habitats outside their native range often escape control by their natural enemies.Besides competing with native species,an alien species might also affect the native herbivores by introducing a new source of different quality food.Here,we describe the case of northern red oak(Quercus rubra)invasion in Europe.We collected data on insect(moth Cydia spp.and weevil Curculio spp.)seed predation of northern red oak in its native(USA,North America)and invasive(Poland,Europe)range,as well as for sessile oaks(Quercus petrea)in Europe.We also evaluated the quality of acorns as hosts for weevil larvae by collecting infested acorns and measuring weevil developmental success,and quantifying acorn traits such as seed mass,tannins,lipids and protein concentration.We used DNA barcoding to identify insects to the species level.The predation by moths was similar and very low in both species and in both ranges.However,red oaks escape pre-dispersal seed predation by weevils in Europe.Weevil infestation rates of northern red oak acorns in their invasive range were 10 times lower than that of sessile oaks,and also 10 times lower than that of red oaks in North America.Furthermore,even when weevils oviposited into northern red oaks,the larvae failed to develop,suggesting that the exotic host created a trap for the insect.This phenomenon might gradually decrease the local abundance of the seed predator,and further aid the invasion.展开更多
文摘This article gives a brief introduction to the damage brought about by biotic invasion and its causes, and analyzes its impact on national development, ecological safety and the production of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. In addition, it expounds the necessity, urgency and cardinal significance in promoting related scientific research in this country. The authors stress that research work should be concentrated on the ecological effects of non-indigenous species in the light of the national demands, world research frontiers and high-tech application. That involves the process of an invasive organism's immigration and propagation, short-term evolution, latent buildup, ecological adaptation, competition and outbreak as well as the process in which the new ecosystem's original structure and functions unfold their role of rejection and assimilation.
基金This study was supported by the Polish National Science Foundation grant Preludium no.2015/17/N/NZ8/01565while MB was supported by Polish Foundation for Science scholarship‘Start’,and Etiuda NSF grant no.2015/16/T/NZ8/00018+1 种基金DNA sequencing was supported by PLAGANADO AGL2014-54739-R awarded to RBMAS recognizes the support of the U.S.National Science Foundation(DEB-1556707).
文摘Species introduced to habitats outside their native range often escape control by their natural enemies.Besides competing with native species,an alien species might also affect the native herbivores by introducing a new source of different quality food.Here,we describe the case of northern red oak(Quercus rubra)invasion in Europe.We collected data on insect(moth Cydia spp.and weevil Curculio spp.)seed predation of northern red oak in its native(USA,North America)and invasive(Poland,Europe)range,as well as for sessile oaks(Quercus petrea)in Europe.We also evaluated the quality of acorns as hosts for weevil larvae by collecting infested acorns and measuring weevil developmental success,and quantifying acorn traits such as seed mass,tannins,lipids and protein concentration.We used DNA barcoding to identify insects to the species level.The predation by moths was similar and very low in both species and in both ranges.However,red oaks escape pre-dispersal seed predation by weevils in Europe.Weevil infestation rates of northern red oak acorns in their invasive range were 10 times lower than that of sessile oaks,and also 10 times lower than that of red oaks in North America.Furthermore,even when weevils oviposited into northern red oaks,the larvae failed to develop,suggesting that the exotic host created a trap for the insect.This phenomenon might gradually decrease the local abundance of the seed predator,and further aid the invasion.
