花青素Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside对脂多糖和白介素-4刺激的小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞极化的影响

目的:探讨树莓花青素矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(C3G)对小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞(BMDM)炎性细胞因子表达和生成的影响,进而了解C3G调控BMDM极化的机制。方法:取小鼠骨髓细胞,用100 ng/ml巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)诱导为BMDM。将诱导成功的BMDM分为两组,一组BMDM经C3G预处理12 h,再与1 μg/ml脂多糖(LPS)共处理12 h;另一组BMDM经C3G和20 ng/ml IL-4共处理24 h。采用MTT法检测不同浓度C3G对BMDM细胞活性的影响,qRT-PCR法和ELISA法分别检测BMDM促炎细胞介质IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、MCP-1、iNOS和抑炎细胞介质IL-10、Arg-1的mRNA水平和蛋白水平。结果: MTT检测结果显示1、5、10、15、20、25和30 μg/ml的C3G对BMDM细胞活力无明显可见的影响,qRT-PCR和ELISA分析结果显示1 μg/ml LPS显著上调BMDM促炎细胞介质的表达,20 ng/ml IL-4显著上调BMDM抑炎细胞介质的表达;5、10和20 μg/ml C3G处理既可明显降低LPS刺激的BMDM促炎细胞介质表达,也可增强IL-4刺激的BMDM抑炎细胞介质表达。结论: C3G通过下调巨噬细胞促炎细胞介质表达和上调巨噬细胞抑炎细胞介质表达,调控BMDM极化,并影响巨噬细胞的炎性反应。

A New Glucoside from Rhodiola fastigiata (Crassulaceae)

A new glucoside, fastigitin A (1), namely 2-O-β-D-glucopyransyl-3-methyl-methyl pinalate, together with twelve known constituents (2-13), was isolated from the root of Rhodiola fastigiata (Hook. f. et Thoms.) S. H. Fu collected from Nujiang Lisu autonomous region, Yunnan, China. Their structures were identified by spectral (including 2D-NMR techniques) and chemical methods. Compounds 2 and 5-9 were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Total glucosides of paeony attenuates animal psoriasis induced inflammatory response through inhibiting STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation

OBJECTIVE Psoriasis is an immune system meditated disease,especially T cells.It disturbed many people around the world and hard to therapy.Paeonia lactiflora Pall has been used as a medicine in china for thousands of years.Recent studies has found that the main component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall can alleviates the immune response in many diseases.In this study,we researched the effects and possible mechanisms of total glucosides of paeony(TGP)on animal psoriasis in order to study the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TGP in 5%propranolol creaminduced psoriasis in guinea pigs and Imiquimod(IMQ)cream-induced psoriasis in mice.METHODS The effect of TGP was evaluated using a psoriasis-like model of guinea pigs and mice.Ear thickness was accessed,and pathology injury was observed by HE staining.The levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6,IL-12,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-α,and IFN-γ,skin IL-17A,IL-22 and orphan nuclear receptor(RORγt)mRNA expression,proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),total or phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcription(STAT1 and STAT3)were determined by ELISA,real time PCR,immu⁃nohistochemical staining,and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS Compared with model group,TGP treatment decreased the ear thickness,improved pathology of psoriasis,alleviated IMQ-induced keratinocyte proliferation,reduced the inflammatory cytokine,and downregulated IL-17A,IL-22,and RORγt mRNA in mice.Further study indicated that TGP inhibited STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation in lesion skins of psoriasis-like mice.CONCLUSION TGP alleviates the symptoms of psoriasis-like guinea pigs and mice,and the possible mechanism may relate to inhibit T helper 17(TH17)cell differentiation and keratinocytes proliferation by inhibiting STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation.

New diterpenoid glucosides from Siegesbeckia pubescens

Five new diterpenoids isolated from Siegesbeckia pubescens, pubesides A similar toE, were established as ent-2 alpha ,15,16-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-2-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside (1), ent-15,16,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside (2), beta -D-glucopyranosyl-ent-15,16-dihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-oiclate (3), ent-2-oxo-15,16,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-O-beta -D-gluco-pyranoside (4), ent-2-oxo-15,16,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside-15,16-acetonide (5) by 1D and 2D NMR techniques.

Synthesis of Glucoside Bonded Metal Porphyrins

The reactions of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin 1 and 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(p-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin 2 with 1-bromo-2,3,4,6-O-acetyl-alpha -D- glucoside 3 respectively afforded 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[p-(2,3,4,6-O-acetyl-glucoside)-1-O-phenyl]porphyrin 4 and 5,10,15-tris(p-methoxyphenyl)-20-[p-(2,3,4,6-O-acetyl-glucoside)-1-O-phenyl] porphyrin 5. Their metal complexes Co-II(4), Mn-II (4) and Co-II(5), Mn-II'(5) also have been prepared. These new compounds have been identified by IR, UV-visible,H-1 NMR spectra and elemental analysis.

One New Diterpene Glucoside from the Roots of Rhododendron molle

One new grayanane diterpene glucoside, rhodomoside A 1 was isolated from the roots of Rhododendron molle G. Don (Ericaccae). Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis.

Effects of total glucosides of peony on immunological hepatic fibrosis in rats

AIM: To study the effects of total glucosides of peony (TGP) on immunological hepatic fibrosis induced by human albumin in rats.METHODS: Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into: Normal group, model group, TGP (60 and 120 mg/kg) treatment groups and colchicines (0.1 mg/kg) treatment group. On the day before the rats were killed, those in TGP or colchicine groups received TGP or colchicine as above from the first day of tail vein injection of human albumin. The rats in normal and model groups were only administered with the same volume of vehicle. At the end of the 16th wk, rats in each group were killed. Blood and tissue specimens were taken. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), nitric oxide (NO), content of malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), were measured by biochemical methods. Serum procollagen type Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ) and laminin (LN) were determined by radioimmunoassay. Liver collagen level was determined by measuring hydroxyproline content in fresh liver samples. Hepatic tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and examined under a light microscope.RESULTS: Histological results showed that TGP improved the human albumin-induced alterations in the liver structure, alleviated lobular necrosis and significantly lowered collagen content. The antifibrotic effect of TGP was also confirmed by decreased serum content of LN and PCⅢ in TGP-treated group. Moreover, the treatment with TGP effectively reduced the hydroxyproline contentin liver homogenates. However, the level of ALT and AST increased in fibrotic rat but had no significance compared with normal control, whereas the ratio of A/G decreased without significance. TGP had no effect on level of ALT, AST and the ratio of A/G. Furthermore, TGP treatment significantly blocked the increase in MDA and NO, associated with a partial elevation in liver total antioxidant capacity including SOD and GSH-px.CONCLUSION: TGP has beneficial effects on hepaticfibrosis in rats by inhibition of collagen synthesis and decreasing oxidative stress.

Two New Iridoid Glucosides from Clerodendrum serratum

Two new iridoid glucosides, serratoside A and serratoside B, were isolated from the aerial parts of Clerodendrum serratum var. amplexifolium Moldenke. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods.

Oldhamioside, A New Phenolic Glucoside from Daphniphyllum oldhamii

Further phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the stem of Daphniphyllum oldhamii afforded a new phenolic glucoside, named oldhamioside 1, together with eleven known compounds, koaburaside 2, betulin, 28-hydroxyl-3-lupenone, pineresinol, syringaresinol, 4-O-methyl- cedrusin, narigenin, eriodictyol, apigenin, loureirin C, and asperuloside. The structures of new and known compounds were characterized by detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison of their spectral data with reported values.

REDUCING NONSELECTIVE PROTEIN ADSORPTION AND CELL ADHESION ON POLYACRYLONITRILE FILMS BY COPOLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLONITRILE WITH α-ALLYL GLUCOSIDE

In this work, the surface properties of novel sugar-containing polymers, α-allyl glucoside (AG)/acrylonitrile (AN)copolymers, were studied by contact angle, protein adsorption and cell adhesion measurements. It was found that the contactangle of the copolymer films decreased from 68° to 30° with the increase of AG content in the copolymer. The adsorptionamount of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the adhesive macrophage onto the film surface also decreased significantly withincreasing α-allyl glucoside content from 0 to 42 wt% in the copolymer. These preliminary results reveal that both thehydrophilicity and the biocompatibility of polyacrylonitrile-based membranes could be improved by copolymerizin gacrylonitrile with vinyl carbohydrates.

Two New Flavone Glucosides fromSerratula strangulata

Genus Serratula（Compositae）consists of about 70 species distributed throughout theworld[1]．Serratula species have been used as folk medicine to treat chickenpox，toxicosis，high cholesterol in China[2]. The phytochemical study of plant S．strangulata has not beenreported so far．In the course of our searching for biologically active substances from thisplant，two new flavone glucosides（1，2）were isolated．The present paper covers the isolationand structural elucidation of the two new compounds．

Two new secoiridoid glucosides from Syringa velutina Kom

Chemical investigation of Syringa velutina Kom. led to the isolation of two new secoiridoid glucosides. Their structures were identified as 6＇-O-（6, 7-dihyrofoliamenthoyl）-8-epi-longisidic acid （syrveoside A, 1） and 6＇-O-menthiafoloyl-8-epi-ldngisidic acid （syrveoside B, 2） on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.

A New Monoterpene Glucoside from the Leaves of Betula platyphylla Suk.

A new monoterpene glucoside. (2E,67.)-2.6-dimethyl-8-beta -D-glucosyloxy-2,6-octadienoic acid, was isolated from the leaves of Betula platyphylla Suk. The structure was established by spectroscopic data.

Two New Iridoid Glucosides from Clerodendrum serratum

Two new iridoid glucosides, named 7 beta -coumaroyloxyugandoside (1) and 7 beta - cinnamoyloxyugandoside (2) were isolated from the leaves of Clerodendrum serratum, and their structures were elucidated by spectral means.

Two new benzophenone glucosides from Cratoxylon cochinchinensis

Two new benzophenone glucosides were isolated from the 60% ethanol extract of the dried stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense. The structures were elucidated as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2＇,4,6＇-trihydroxy-benzophenone and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2＇,5,6＇- trihydroxybenzophenone on the basis of spectral and chemical methods.

Lethal Effect of Benzene Nitrogen Mustard Glucoside Derivate on K562 Cells

A new synthesized benzene nitrogen mustard was converted into glycosyl donor-trichloroacetimidate that was glycosylated with p-nitrophenol（glycosyl donors） to form β-lactosyl p-nitrobenzene under the protection of acetyl in a stereoselective manner, was prepared and evaluated for its cytotoxicity towards cultured K562 cell line. Methylthiazoy tetrazolium（MTT） assay, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, flow cytometry（FCM） and immunohistochemistry were utilized to explore the mechanisms of how the compound arrests the growth of HCT-T cells. This new synthesed benzene nitrogen mustard glucoside derivate（BNMGD） presented a lower toxicity to normal cells, but is significantly more toxic to K562 cells compared with nitrogen mustard, meanwhile it can induce the apoptosis of K562 cells. These results indicate that the new synthesized BNMGD can inhibit the growth of K562 cells and induce the apoptosis, and its cytotoxicity towards cultured K562 cell line is much more effective than that of nitrogen mustard.

Two new steroidal glucosides from Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl

Two new steroidal glucosides, 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl （25S）-furost-5-ene-1β,3β,22α,26-tetraol l-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl- （1 → 3）-[α-h-rhamnopyranosyl-（1 → 2）]-[β-D-fueopyranoside and （25R） spirost-5-ene-3β,14α-diol-3-β-O-β-L-rhanmopyranosyl- （1 → 2）-[β-D-xylopyranosyl（1 → 4）]-[-β-D-glucopyranoside, were isolated from the Ophiopogon japonicus （L.f.） Ker-Gaw. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

Two new glucosides from the pellicle of the walnut (Juglans regia)

A newα-tetralonyl glucoside,6'-O-acetyl-juglanoside E(1),and a new dihydrophaseic acid glucoside,dihydrophaseic acid 1-O-(6-O-acetyl)-glucopyranoside(2),together with two known ones,juglanoside E(3)and dihydrophaseic acid(4),were isolated from the pellicle of the walnut(Juglans regia).The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis,including IR,HRESIMS,1D and 2D NMR data.

A New Iridoid Glucoside from Lagotis yunnanensis

Phytochemical investigation of Lagotis yunnanensis led to the isolation and identification of a new iridoid glucoside 1, named as 10-O-(3,4-dimethoxy-(E)-cinnamoyl)aucubin. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopie methods.

Two New Neolignan Glucosides from Pedicularis Verticillata

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