Total lipid contents,lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of hot-air dried edible black ants(Polyrhachis vicina Roger) from Wenzhou and Guizhou,China,and edible red ant(Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius) from T...Total lipid contents,lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of hot-air dried edible black ants(Polyrhachis vicina Roger) from Wenzhou and Guizhou,China,and edible red ant(Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius) from Thailand were determined.The major lipid components were triacylglycerol(43.4-79.4% of total lipid),followed by phospholipids(6.1-21.5%),diacylglycerol(6.1-18.1%) and cholesterol ester(4.9-13.5%) while free fatty acids(1.8-2.9%) and sterol(0.5-0.8%) were the minor components.Oleic acid(C18:1) was the most predominant fatty acid,accounting for 3 407.8,9 098.8 and 3 790.1 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Followed by palmitic acid(C16:0),922.9,2 523.3 and 1 511.8 mg 100 g-1;linoleic acid(C18:2n-6),133.7,305.2 and 506.4 mg 100 g-1;α-linolenic acid(C18:3n-3),35.1,138.0 and 52.5 mg 100 g-1;eicosapentaenoic acid(C20:5n-3) was 19.1,15.0 and 20.0 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Docosapentaenoic acid(C22:5n-3) was only found in black ants,7.0 and 7.3 mg 100 g-1 for Wenzhou and Guizhou ants,respectively.The edible black and red ants were shown to be a good source of unsaturated fatty acid.展开更多
Black ant, Carebara vidua (Smith) is an edible insect of critical value in nutrition. The population abundance of black ants has reduced drastically and they have become scarce in all the agro ecological zones in West...Black ant, Carebara vidua (Smith) is an edible insect of critical value in nutrition. The population abundance of black ants has reduced drastically and they have become scarce in all the agro ecological zones in Western Kenya. Understanding factors influencing the distribution and abundance of C. vidua remains a challenge as C. vidua is an endangered species in many parts of Country Kenya. The decline in the insect population is worrying since black ants are an important source of food across the world. Our study aimed at determining the eco-climatic conditions influencing the distribution of black ants. Several factors and conditions have contributed to the decline in the population of black ants. The study was carried out in different agro ecological zones of Kisumu, Siaya, and Homabay Counties. The research presumed a cross-sectional approach to community representation. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the population for the qualitative study. Data was collected through Focused Group Discussion and Key Informant Interviews to get in-depth knowledge on the factors contributing to the change in the distribution of back ants. Verbatim transcription was done to the audio recorded data then data was translated into English. Thematic analysis was done using ATLAS.ti software version 7.5. The results showed various factors that led to the change in distribution and reduction of the population of black ants emerging across the lower midland zones, the factors include;climate change, advancement in agricultural equipment, land degradation, and habitat destruction. These factors made the emergence of the insect unpredictable. Over the years across the Lower midland zones, there have been changes in the distribution of C. vidua and the population of insects emerging has reduced hence the insect is disappearing.展开更多
The medicinal application and functions of big black ants can be found in Shen Nong’s Canon of Herbs, the first Chinese medicinal book written about 2000 years ago. In his work Compendium of Materia Medica, Li Shizhe...The medicinal application and functions of big black ants can be found in Shen Nong’s Canon of Herbs, the first Chinese medicinal book written about 2000 years ago. In his work Compendium of Materia Medica, Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty described the edible value and curative effects of the black ants in the treatment of swelling, deep-rooted ulcers and other complaints.展开更多
传统的文本生成对抗方法主要采用位置置换、字符替换等方式,耗费时间较长且效果较差。针对以上问题,该文提出一种基于改进蚁群算法的对抗样本生成模型IGAS(Improved ant colony algorithm to Generate Adversarial Sample),利用蚁群算...传统的文本生成对抗方法主要采用位置置换、字符替换等方式,耗费时间较长且效果较差。针对以上问题,该文提出一种基于改进蚁群算法的对抗样本生成模型IGAS(Improved ant colony algorithm to Generate Adversarial Sample),利用蚁群算法的特点生成对抗样本,并利用类形字进行优化。首先,构建城市节点群,利用样本中的词构建城市节点群;然后对原始输入样本,利用改进的蚁群算法生成对抗样本;再针对生成结果,通过构建的中日类形字典进行字符替换,生成最终的对抗样本;最后在黑盒模式下进行对抗样本攻击实验。实验在情感分类、对话摘要生成、因果关系抽取等多种领域验证了该方法的有效性。展开更多
文摘Total lipid contents,lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of hot-air dried edible black ants(Polyrhachis vicina Roger) from Wenzhou and Guizhou,China,and edible red ant(Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius) from Thailand were determined.The major lipid components were triacylglycerol(43.4-79.4% of total lipid),followed by phospholipids(6.1-21.5%),diacylglycerol(6.1-18.1%) and cholesterol ester(4.9-13.5%) while free fatty acids(1.8-2.9%) and sterol(0.5-0.8%) were the minor components.Oleic acid(C18:1) was the most predominant fatty acid,accounting for 3 407.8,9 098.8 and 3 790.1 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Followed by palmitic acid(C16:0),922.9,2 523.3 and 1 511.8 mg 100 g-1;linoleic acid(C18:2n-6),133.7,305.2 and 506.4 mg 100 g-1;α-linolenic acid(C18:3n-3),35.1,138.0 and 52.5 mg 100 g-1;eicosapentaenoic acid(C20:5n-3) was 19.1,15.0 and 20.0 mg 100 g-1 in Wenzhou and Guizhou black ants,and Thai red ant,respectively.Docosapentaenoic acid(C22:5n-3) was only found in black ants,7.0 and 7.3 mg 100 g-1 for Wenzhou and Guizhou ants,respectively.The edible black and red ants were shown to be a good source of unsaturated fatty acid.
文摘Black ant, Carebara vidua (Smith) is an edible insect of critical value in nutrition. The population abundance of black ants has reduced drastically and they have become scarce in all the agro ecological zones in Western Kenya. Understanding factors influencing the distribution and abundance of C. vidua remains a challenge as C. vidua is an endangered species in many parts of Country Kenya. The decline in the insect population is worrying since black ants are an important source of food across the world. Our study aimed at determining the eco-climatic conditions influencing the distribution of black ants. Several factors and conditions have contributed to the decline in the population of black ants. The study was carried out in different agro ecological zones of Kisumu, Siaya, and Homabay Counties. The research presumed a cross-sectional approach to community representation. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the population for the qualitative study. Data was collected through Focused Group Discussion and Key Informant Interviews to get in-depth knowledge on the factors contributing to the change in the distribution of back ants. Verbatim transcription was done to the audio recorded data then data was translated into English. Thematic analysis was done using ATLAS.ti software version 7.5. The results showed various factors that led to the change in distribution and reduction of the population of black ants emerging across the lower midland zones, the factors include;climate change, advancement in agricultural equipment, land degradation, and habitat destruction. These factors made the emergence of the insect unpredictable. Over the years across the Lower midland zones, there have been changes in the distribution of C. vidua and the population of insects emerging has reduced hence the insect is disappearing.
文摘The medicinal application and functions of big black ants can be found in Shen Nong’s Canon of Herbs, the first Chinese medicinal book written about 2000 years ago. In his work Compendium of Materia Medica, Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty described the edible value and curative effects of the black ants in the treatment of swelling, deep-rooted ulcers and other complaints.
文摘传统的文本生成对抗方法主要采用位置置换、字符替换等方式,耗费时间较长且效果较差。针对以上问题,该文提出一种基于改进蚁群算法的对抗样本生成模型IGAS(Improved ant colony algorithm to Generate Adversarial Sample),利用蚁群算法的特点生成对抗样本,并利用类形字进行优化。首先,构建城市节点群,利用样本中的词构建城市节点群;然后对原始输入样本,利用改进的蚁群算法生成对抗样本;再针对生成结果,通过构建的中日类形字典进行字符替换,生成最终的对抗样本;最后在黑盒模式下进行对抗样本攻击实验。实验在情感分类、对话摘要生成、因果关系抽取等多种领域验证了该方法的有效性。