Nine fungicides were applied,either through seed-dressing or post-anthesis foliar-spray,to eight winter wheat varieties to understand their influences on the constitution of unsound kernels during the 2017-2018 growth...Nine fungicides were applied,either through seed-dressing or post-anthesis foliar-spray,to eight winter wheat varieties to understand their influences on the constitution of unsound kernels during the 2017-2018 growth season in Funan Experimental Station,Anhui,P.R.China.Three unsound kernel items,i.e.Fusarium-damaged kernels( FDKs),black-germ kernels( BGKs) and pre-harvest sprouted kernels( PHSKs),were measured from the harvested grains.A high percentage of unsound kernels was noticed as 6.00% for FDKs,8.43% for BGKs,and 38.19% for PHSKs due to excessive precipitation during the filling and maturation stages within the season.Fungicide treatments showed positive impacts on the formation of FDKs and BGKs.No significant differences were noticed on the percentage of PHSKs among treatments.The best control efficiency on FDKs,24.63%,was observed in the treatment of‘tebuconazole + prochloraz-manganese chloride complex'.The highest control efficiency on BGKs,31.54%,was achieved by the treatment of‘phenazino-1-carboxylic acid'.Significant differences were noticed among varieties with respect to the constitution of unsound kernels.Under the specific ecological conditions,70%-75% of the final grain quality of wheat was determined by the genotype itself.It was concluded that the genetic resistance or tolerance to relevant fungal pathogens and pre-harvest sprouting was the key factor determining the constitution of unsound wheat kernels,whilst chemical control might function with limited effects when crop was grown under high-pressure or stress conditions.展开更多
Sesamum indicum has various biological effects,and this study aimed to investigate its hypolipidemic effect.A hyperlipidemia rat model was established by feeding rats with high-fat diets in this study,then the hyperli...Sesamum indicum has various biological effects,and this study aimed to investigate its hypolipidemic effect.A hyperlipidemia rat model was established by feeding rats with high-fat diets in this study,then the hyperlipidemia rats were fed with different doses of black and white sesame seeds and black and white sesame kernels.The serum and liver biochemical indicators of the rats were determined,and liver pathology analysis was conducted to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of sesame.The results showed that the blood lipid of SD(Sprague-Dawley)rats fed with high-fat diet for three weeks was higher than 200 mg/d L,indicating that the hyperlipidemia rat model was successfully established.At the same dose,the final body weights of the rats of white sesame seed and kernel groups were higher than those of the black sesame seed and kernel groups;and the weights of the black and white sesame seed groups were lower than those of the black and white sesame kernel groups.The liver indexes of the normal control group and the experimental groups were significantly lower than the model control group(P<0.05),indicating that black and white sesame seed and kernel could reduce the lipid accumulation on the liver.The malondialdehyde(MDA)values of the liver in the normal control group and the experimental groups were significantly lower than that in the model control group(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in the liver of each experimental group were significantly higher than those in the model control group(P<0.05).Based on the above results as well as pathological observation and analysis,we found that the black and white sesame seeds and kernels could improve fatty liver lesions and lipid metabolism disorder and could reduce lipid accumulation on the liver,thereby protecting the liver from damage and reducing the risk of fatty liver.Moreover,black and white sesame seeds,black and white sesame kernels can reduce the levels of total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)in serum,and high dose of black sesame seeds(30%black sesame seeds)and low dose of black sesame kernels(10%black sesame kernels)were more beneficial for the recovery of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver.The above results indicated that black and white sesame has hypolipidemic effect.展开更多
目的探究细颗粒物(Fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))组分黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的长期效应。方法基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2...目的探究细颗粒物(Fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))组分黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的长期效应。方法基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年和2015年的数据库中4717名≥45岁的中老年人个体资料,应用贝叶斯核机器回归(Bayesian kernel machine regression,BKMR)探究黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对BMI的单独效应、交互作用及其联合效应。结果硫酸盐的后验包含概率(posterior inclusion probabilities,PIP)为0.99,黑碳PIP值为0.94,铵盐PIP值为0.80,三种成分均与BMI显著有关。当其余四种变量固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,黑碳每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.15(95%CI:-0.03,2.33)、1.45(95%CI:0.41,2.49)、1.61(95%CI:0.47,2.75)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,铵盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.12(95%CI:-0.50,2.74)、1.33(95%CI:-0.16,2.82)、1.51(95%CI:0.003,3.02)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时硫酸盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平与其呈负相关,效应值分别为-2.66(95%CI:-4.07,-1.25)、-2.59(95%CI:-3.84,-1.34)、-2.36(95%CI:-3.78,-0.94)kg/m^(2)。联合效应结果发现PM_(2.5)混合组分联合暴露与BMI水平总体呈正相关。结论本研究发现黑碳、铵盐单独暴露会提高中国中老年人的BMI水平,PM_(2.5)组分联合暴露与BMI之间也呈正相关关系,因此要加强对PM_(2.5)及其成分黑碳、铵盐的防控。展开更多
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research of the Public Interest(201503112-12)Anhui Special Fund for R&D Project(1704f0704069)+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1808085QC87)Sci-tec Innovative Foundation of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences(18C0919)
文摘Nine fungicides were applied,either through seed-dressing or post-anthesis foliar-spray,to eight winter wheat varieties to understand their influences on the constitution of unsound kernels during the 2017-2018 growth season in Funan Experimental Station,Anhui,P.R.China.Three unsound kernel items,i.e.Fusarium-damaged kernels( FDKs),black-germ kernels( BGKs) and pre-harvest sprouted kernels( PHSKs),were measured from the harvested grains.A high percentage of unsound kernels was noticed as 6.00% for FDKs,8.43% for BGKs,and 38.19% for PHSKs due to excessive precipitation during the filling and maturation stages within the season.Fungicide treatments showed positive impacts on the formation of FDKs and BGKs.No significant differences were noticed on the percentage of PHSKs among treatments.The best control efficiency on FDKs,24.63%,was observed in the treatment of‘tebuconazole + prochloraz-manganese chloride complex'.The highest control efficiency on BGKs,31.54%,was achieved by the treatment of‘phenazino-1-carboxylic acid'.Significant differences were noticed among varieties with respect to the constitution of unsound kernels.Under the specific ecological conditions,70%-75% of the final grain quality of wheat was determined by the genotype itself.It was concluded that the genetic resistance or tolerance to relevant fungal pathogens and pre-harvest sprouting was the key factor determining the constitution of unsound wheat kernels,whilst chemical control might function with limited effects when crop was grown under high-pressure or stress conditions.
基金supported by the Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System(CARS14-1-29)。
文摘Sesamum indicum has various biological effects,and this study aimed to investigate its hypolipidemic effect.A hyperlipidemia rat model was established by feeding rats with high-fat diets in this study,then the hyperlipidemia rats were fed with different doses of black and white sesame seeds and black and white sesame kernels.The serum and liver biochemical indicators of the rats were determined,and liver pathology analysis was conducted to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of sesame.The results showed that the blood lipid of SD(Sprague-Dawley)rats fed with high-fat diet for three weeks was higher than 200 mg/d L,indicating that the hyperlipidemia rat model was successfully established.At the same dose,the final body weights of the rats of white sesame seed and kernel groups were higher than those of the black sesame seed and kernel groups;and the weights of the black and white sesame seed groups were lower than those of the black and white sesame kernel groups.The liver indexes of the normal control group and the experimental groups were significantly lower than the model control group(P<0.05),indicating that black and white sesame seed and kernel could reduce the lipid accumulation on the liver.The malondialdehyde(MDA)values of the liver in the normal control group and the experimental groups were significantly lower than that in the model control group(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in the liver of each experimental group were significantly higher than those in the model control group(P<0.05).Based on the above results as well as pathological observation and analysis,we found that the black and white sesame seeds and kernels could improve fatty liver lesions and lipid metabolism disorder and could reduce lipid accumulation on the liver,thereby protecting the liver from damage and reducing the risk of fatty liver.Moreover,black and white sesame seeds,black and white sesame kernels can reduce the levels of total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)in serum,and high dose of black sesame seeds(30%black sesame seeds)and low dose of black sesame kernels(10%black sesame kernels)were more beneficial for the recovery of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver.The above results indicated that black and white sesame has hypolipidemic effect.
文摘目的探究细颗粒物(Fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))组分黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的长期效应。方法基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年和2015年的数据库中4717名≥45岁的中老年人个体资料,应用贝叶斯核机器回归(Bayesian kernel machine regression,BKMR)探究黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对BMI的单独效应、交互作用及其联合效应。结果硫酸盐的后验包含概率(posterior inclusion probabilities,PIP)为0.99,黑碳PIP值为0.94,铵盐PIP值为0.80,三种成分均与BMI显著有关。当其余四种变量固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,黑碳每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.15(95%CI:-0.03,2.33)、1.45(95%CI:0.41,2.49)、1.61(95%CI:0.47,2.75)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,铵盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.12(95%CI:-0.50,2.74)、1.33(95%CI:-0.16,2.82)、1.51(95%CI:0.003,3.02)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时硫酸盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平与其呈负相关,效应值分别为-2.66(95%CI:-4.07,-1.25)、-2.59(95%CI:-3.84,-1.34)、-2.36(95%CI:-3.78,-0.94)kg/m^(2)。联合效应结果发现PM_(2.5)混合组分联合暴露与BMI水平总体呈正相关。结论本研究发现黑碳、铵盐单独暴露会提高中国中老年人的BMI水平,PM_(2.5)组分联合暴露与BMI之间也呈正相关关系,因此要加强对PM_(2.5)及其成分黑碳、铵盐的防控。
