Bladder cancer(BC)is the 10th most common cancer worldwide,with about 0.5 million reported new cases and about 0.2 million deaths per year.In this scoping review,we summarize the current evidence regarding the clinica...Bladder cancer(BC)is the 10th most common cancer worldwide,with about 0.5 million reported new cases and about 0.2 million deaths per year.In this scoping review,we summarize the current evidence regarding the clinical implications of single-cell sequencing for bladder cancer based on PRISMA guidelines.We searched PubMed,CENTRAL,Embase,and supplemented with manual searches through the Scopus,and Web of Science for published studies until February 2023.We included original studies that used at least one single-cell technology to study bladder cancer.Forty-one publications were included in the review.Twenty-nine studies showed that this technology can identify cell subtypes in the tumor microenvironment that may predict prognosis or response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy.Two studies were able to diagnose BC by identifying neoplastic cells through single-cell sequencing urine samples.The remaining studies were mainly a preclinical exploration of tumor microenvironment at single cell level.Single-cell sequencing technology can discriminate heterogeneity in bladder tumor cells and determine the key molecular properties that can lead to the discovery of novel perspectives on cancer management.This nascent tool can advance the early diagnosis,prognosis judgment,and targeted therapy of bladder cancer.展开更多
The effects of combined RNA interference(RNAi) of human telomerase RNA(hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT) genes on telomerase activity in a bladder cancer cell line(BIU-87 cells) were investigated ...The effects of combined RNA interference(RNAi) of human telomerase RNA(hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT) genes on telomerase activity in a bladder cancer cell line(BIU-87 cells) were investigated by using gene chip technology in vitro with an attempt to evaluate the role of RNAi in the gene therapy of bladder transitional cell cancer(BTCC).Three TR-specific double-stranded small interfering RNAs(siRNAs) and three TERT-specific double-stranded siRNAs were designed to target different regions of TR and TERT mRNA.The phTR-siRNA,phTERT-siRNA,and the combination of both plasmids phTR+phTERT-siRNA were transfected into BIU-87 cells.The expression of hTR and hTERT mRNA was detected by quantitative fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and a telomeric repeat amplification protocol was applied to detect telomerase activity.Growth inhibition of BIU-87 cells was measured by MTT assay.Gene chip analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of the combined RNAi of hTR+hTERT genes on telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro.The results showed that the expression of hTERT and hTR mRNA was inhibited by pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ,and pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ+hTERT-Ⅲ in BIU-87 cells.The inhibition efficiency of pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ+pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ was 67% for TERT mRNA,41% for TR mRNA,57% for TR mRNA and 70% for TERT mRNA in BIU-87 cells respectively.The growth of BIU-87 cells was inhibited and telomerase activity was considerably decreased,especially in the cells treated with combined RNAi-hTR and-hTERT.Gene chip analysis revealed that 21 genes were down-regulated(ATM,BAX,BCL2,BCL2L1,BIRC5,CD44,CTNNB1,E2F1,JUN,MCAM,MTA1,MYC,NFKB1,NFKBIA,NME4,PNN,PNN,SERPINE1,THBS1,TNFRSF1A,and UCC1).The results indicated that hTR-siRNA and hTERT-siRNA,especially their combination,siRNA hTR+hTERT,specifically and effectively suppressed the expression of both hTR and hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity.Molecular biological mechanism by which combined siRNA-TR and-TERT inhibited telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro may involve the down-regulation of the 21 genes.展开更多
Objective: To study recurrence factors and set up a model to evaluate the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. Methods: An analysis on recurrence-related factors was made by Cox's proportional hazards model a...Objective: To study recurrence factors and set up a model to evaluate the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. Methods: An analysis on recurrence-related factors was made by Cox's proportional hazards model analysis and logistic multiple linear regression model analysis in 212 patients with transitional cell carcinoma treated surgically from 1995-2001. These factors included clinical and pathologic figures. Results: The most important factor is metastasis to the regional lymph nodes, the Hazards ratio is 6.6 (P=0.0004), followed by multiple tumors (Hr=2.255, P〈0.0001), tumor in trigone and bladder neck (Hr=2.053, P〈0.0001), stage (Hr=2.057, P〈0.0001), grade (Hr=1.569, P=0.0081), intravesical chemotherapeutic instillations (Hr-0.559, P=0.0011) and hematuria (Hr=0.762, P=0.0076). A predicting equation was established, and the predicting values were calculated according to the individual features of patients. The predicting and actual values were compared, and the sensitivity, specificity and overall concordance were 83.5%, 67.6% and 80.1% respectively. Conelusion:The evaluation of prognosis could be made quite accurately based on these factors.展开更多
Objective: To study the expressions of (CSC), bladder transitional cell cancer metallothionein and the significances in cervical squamous cell cancer (BTC), esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESC), gastral tubula...Objective: To study the expressions of (CSC), bladder transitional cell cancer metallothionein and the significances in cervical squamous cell cancer (BTC), esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESC), gastral tubular adenocarcinoma (GC) and large intestinal tubular adenocarcinoma (LIC). Methods: lmmunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression rates of MT in five types of cancer tissue. Results: The expression rates of MT were 75.00% (24/32) in ESC, 52.27% (46/88) in GTC, 59.46% (44/74) in LIC, 64.86% (48/74) in BTC and 58.57% (41/70) in CSC respectively. The positive rates of MT expression were higher in low differentiation and deep muscular group than those in medium or high differentiation and superficial muscular invasion group (P〈0.05). Conclusion: The expression of MT is related to differentiation degree and invasion degree.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),p53,and the H-ras oncogene and different clinicopathological parameters in Egyptian patients with Schistosoma-associated transitional c...AIM:To evaluate the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),p53,and the H-ras oncogene and different clinicopathological parameters in Egyptian patients with Schistosoma-associated transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.METHODS:The study included 50 patients with transitional cell carcinoma for whom radical cystectomy and urinary diversions were carried out.VEGF and p53 protein expressions were evaluated with an immunohistochemical staining method,and H-ras oncogene mutations were analyzed with a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) technique.RESULTS:High grade tumors revealed higher p53 immunostaining than low grade tumors(P = 0.016).p53 and VEGF protein expressions,as well as H-ras oncogene mutations,had an insignificant impact on patient outcomes(P = 0.962,P = 0.791,and P = 967,respectively).Cancer extension to regional lymph nodes was associated with poor outcomes(P = 0.008).CONCLUSION:VEGF,p53 and the H-ras oncogene have no relation to patient survival and outcome in Schistosoma-associated transitional cell carcinoma.展开更多
Background:μ-opioid receptor agonists(MORAs)are indispensable for analgesia in bladder cancer(BC)patients,both during surgery and for chronic pain treatment.Whether MORAs affect BC progression and metastasis remains ...Background:μ-opioid receptor agonists(MORAs)are indispensable for analgesia in bladder cancer(BC)patients,both during surgery and for chronic pain treatment.Whether MORAs affect BC progression and metastasis remains largely unknown.This study focused on the effects of MORAs on the formation of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)in BC and aimed to provide potential therapeutic targets,which would retain the pain-relieving effects of MORAs in BC patients without sacrificing their long-term prognosis.Methods:Different preclinical models were used to identify the effects of MORAs on the progression of BC.A novel immunocapture microfluidic chip was utilized to analyze whether MORAs affected the number of CTCs in mouse models and clinical BC patients.Bioinformatic analyses,total transcriptome sequencing,and molecular biology methods were then used to investigate the underlying mechanisms in these models and in BC cell lines.Results:Mouse models of hematogenous metastasis and in situ BC demonstrated that tumor metastasis was significantly increased after MORA treatment.A significant increase in the number of mesenchymal and/or epithelial CTCs was detected after MORA treatment in both the mouse models and clinical trial patients.Mechanistically,MORAs facilitated the formation of CTCs by activating the MOR/PI3K/AKT/Slug signaling pathway,hereby promoting the epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)of BC cells,as knockdown of MOR,Slug or blockade of PI3K inhibited the EMT process and CTC formation.Conclusion:MORAs promoted BC metastasis by facilitating CTC formation.The EMT-CTC axis could be targeted for preventive measures during MORA treatment to inhibit the associated tumormetastasis or recurrence in BC patients.展开更多
Objective: To study the expressions and significations of metallothionein (MT) in cervical squamous cell cancer (CSC), bladder transitional cell cancer (BTC) and breast cancer (BC) of woman. Methods: Immunohistochemic...Objective: To study the expressions and significations of metallothionein (MT) in cervical squamous cell cancer (CSC), bladder transitional cell cancer (BTC) and breast cancer (BC) of woman. Methods: Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expresses rate of MT in three types of woman cancer tissue. Results: The expressions rates of MT were 54.35% (29/46) in BTC, 67.05% (59/88) in BC and 57.14% (40/70) in CSC. The positive rate of MT expression was higher in low differentiation group than well differentiation group in BTC and CSC (P < 0.05). Positive of MT in lobular cancer was significance higher than medullary and duct cancers (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of MT is related to differentiation degree, and it is a guidance for clinical choice of chemotherapy project.展开更多
An 87-year-old-man with prostate-cancer-stage-T1cGleason-6 treated with radiotherapy in 1996, recurrent prostate cancer treated with leuprolide hormonal therapy in 2009, and bladder-urothelial-carcinoma in situ treate...An 87-year-old-man with prostate-cancer-stage-T1cGleason-6 treated with radiotherapy in 1996, recurrent prostate cancer treated with leuprolide hormonal therapy in 2009, and bladder-urothelial-carcinoma in situ treated with Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin and adriamycin in 2010, presented in 2015 with painless, bright red blood per rectum coating stools daily for 5 mo. Rectal examination revealed bright red blood per rectum; and a hard, fixed, 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm mass at the normal prostate location. The hemoglobin was 7.6 g/d L(iron saturation = 8.4%,indicating iron-deficiency-anemia). AbdominopelvicCT-angiography revealed focal wall thickening at the bladder neck; a mass containing an air cavity replacing the normal prostate; and adjacent rectal invasion. Colonoscopy demonstrated an ulcerated, oozing, multinodular, friable, 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm mass in anterior rectal wall, at the usual prostate location. Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of colonoscopic biopsies of the mass revealed poorly-differentiatedcarcinoma of urothelial origin. At visceral angiography, the right-superior-rectal-artery was embolized to achieve hemostasis. The patient subsequently developed multiple new metastases and expired 13 mo postembolization. Comprehensive literature review revealed 16 previously reported cases of rectal involvement from bladder urothelial carcinoma, including 11 cases from direct extension and 5 cases from metastases. Patient age averaged 63.7 ± 9.6 years(all patients male). Rectal involvement was diagnosed on average 13.5 ± 11.8 mo after initial diagnosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma. Symptoms included constipation/gastrointestinal obstruction-6, weight loss-5, diarrhea-3, anorexia-3, pencil thin stools-3, tenesmus-2, anorectal pain-2, and other-5. Rectal examination in 9 patients revealed annular rectal constriction-6, and rectal mass-3. The current patient had the novel presentation of daily bright red blood per rectum coating the stools simulating hemorrhoidal bleeding; the novel mechanism of direct bladder urothelial carcinoma extension into rectal mucosa via the prostate; and the novel aforementioned colonoscopic findings underlying the clinical presentation.展开更多
为评价尿膀胱癌抗原(urinary bladder cancer antigen,UBC)在膀胱移行细胞癌(BTCC)中的诊断价值,采用ELISA法对53例BTCC患者、25例泌尿系统良性疾病患者和13例健康志愿者进行UBC检测,并同时行尿细胞学检查。结果显示:(1)BTCC患者UBC平...为评价尿膀胱癌抗原(urinary bladder cancer antigen,UBC)在膀胱移行细胞癌(BTCC)中的诊断价值,采用ELISA法对53例BTCC患者、25例泌尿系统良性疾病患者和13例健康志愿者进行UBC检测,并同时行尿细胞学检查。结果显示:(1)BTCC患者UBC平均含量为26.26±28.49μg/L,与泌尿系统良性疾病患者和健康志愿者相比(9.41±9.63μg/L、1.73±0.79μg/L),均有显著性差异(P均<0.01)。(2)以7.5μg/L为最适临界值时,UBC诊断BTCC的敏感性和特异性分别为86.8%、76.3%,与尿细胞学检查(32.1%、97.4%)相比,均有显著性差异(P均<0.01)。结论:UBC具有简便、敏感和无创的特点,可作为辅助诊断BTCC的尿肿瘤标志物。展开更多
目的:探讨AMP依赖的蛋白激酶α(AMP-activated protein kinaseα,AMPKα)过表达对膀胱癌T24细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT的作用及其机制。方法:建立AMPKα过表达的膀胱癌T24细胞株,依据转染质粒的不同分为T24空白组、pc-DNA空载组和pc-AMP...目的:探讨AMP依赖的蛋白激酶α(AMP-activated protein kinaseα,AMPKα)过表达对膀胱癌T24细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT的作用及其机制。方法:建立AMPKα过表达的膀胱癌T24细胞株,依据转染质粒的不同分为T24空白组、pc-DNA空载组和pc-AMPKα组。用Wb检测T24细胞AMPKα、EMT相关蛋白及EMT通路相关分子的表达水平,用Hoechst染色法检测转染后T24细胞的凋亡,CCK-8法检测T24细胞的增殖,细胞划痕愈合实验检测T24细胞的迁移,Transwell实验检测细胞的侵袭。结果:成功构建AMPKα过表达的膀胱癌T24细胞株。与T24空白组和pc-DNA空载组比较,pc-AMPKα组T24细胞上皮钙黏蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.01)、波形蛋白和神经钙黏蛋白表达水平显著降低(均P<0.01),EMT通路相关信号分子P38、STAT3活性受到显著抑制(均P<0.01),细胞发生明显凋亡、增殖能力显著减弱(均P<0.01);T24细胞迁移和侵袭能力显著降低(均P<0.01)。结论:AMPKα过表达可使EMT通路相关分子活性受到抑制,使得膀胱癌T24细胞发生明显凋亡、增殖受限并使其侵袭和迁移能力降低及伴随EMT的逆转。展开更多
文摘Bladder cancer(BC)is the 10th most common cancer worldwide,with about 0.5 million reported new cases and about 0.2 million deaths per year.In this scoping review,we summarize the current evidence regarding the clinical implications of single-cell sequencing for bladder cancer based on PRISMA guidelines.We searched PubMed,CENTRAL,Embase,and supplemented with manual searches through the Scopus,and Web of Science for published studies until February 2023.We included original studies that used at least one single-cell technology to study bladder cancer.Forty-one publications were included in the review.Twenty-nine studies showed that this technology can identify cell subtypes in the tumor microenvironment that may predict prognosis or response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy.Two studies were able to diagnose BC by identifying neoplastic cells through single-cell sequencing urine samples.The remaining studies were mainly a preclinical exploration of tumor microenvironment at single cell level.Single-cell sequencing technology can discriminate heterogeneity in bladder tumor cells and determine the key molecular properties that can lead to the discovery of novel perspectives on cancer management.This nascent tool can advance the early diagnosis,prognosis judgment,and targeted therapy of bladder cancer.
文摘The effects of combined RNA interference(RNAi) of human telomerase RNA(hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT) genes on telomerase activity in a bladder cancer cell line(BIU-87 cells) were investigated by using gene chip technology in vitro with an attempt to evaluate the role of RNAi in the gene therapy of bladder transitional cell cancer(BTCC).Three TR-specific double-stranded small interfering RNAs(siRNAs) and three TERT-specific double-stranded siRNAs were designed to target different regions of TR and TERT mRNA.The phTR-siRNA,phTERT-siRNA,and the combination of both plasmids phTR+phTERT-siRNA were transfected into BIU-87 cells.The expression of hTR and hTERT mRNA was detected by quantitative fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and a telomeric repeat amplification protocol was applied to detect telomerase activity.Growth inhibition of BIU-87 cells was measured by MTT assay.Gene chip analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of the combined RNAi of hTR+hTERT genes on telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro.The results showed that the expression of hTERT and hTR mRNA was inhibited by pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ,and pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ+hTERT-Ⅲ in BIU-87 cells.The inhibition efficiency of pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ+pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ was 67% for TERT mRNA,41% for TR mRNA,57% for TR mRNA and 70% for TERT mRNA in BIU-87 cells respectively.The growth of BIU-87 cells was inhibited and telomerase activity was considerably decreased,especially in the cells treated with combined RNAi-hTR and-hTERT.Gene chip analysis revealed that 21 genes were down-regulated(ATM,BAX,BCL2,BCL2L1,BIRC5,CD44,CTNNB1,E2F1,JUN,MCAM,MTA1,MYC,NFKB1,NFKBIA,NME4,PNN,PNN,SERPINE1,THBS1,TNFRSF1A,and UCC1).The results indicated that hTR-siRNA and hTERT-siRNA,especially their combination,siRNA hTR+hTERT,specifically and effectively suppressed the expression of both hTR and hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity.Molecular biological mechanism by which combined siRNA-TR and-TERT inhibited telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro may involve the down-regulation of the 21 genes.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30271301).
文摘Objective: To study recurrence factors and set up a model to evaluate the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. Methods: An analysis on recurrence-related factors was made by Cox's proportional hazards model analysis and logistic multiple linear regression model analysis in 212 patients with transitional cell carcinoma treated surgically from 1995-2001. These factors included clinical and pathologic figures. Results: The most important factor is metastasis to the regional lymph nodes, the Hazards ratio is 6.6 (P=0.0004), followed by multiple tumors (Hr=2.255, P〈0.0001), tumor in trigone and bladder neck (Hr=2.053, P〈0.0001), stage (Hr=2.057, P〈0.0001), grade (Hr=1.569, P=0.0081), intravesical chemotherapeutic instillations (Hr-0.559, P=0.0011) and hematuria (Hr=0.762, P=0.0076). A predicting equation was established, and the predicting values were calculated according to the individual features of patients. The predicting and actual values were compared, and the sensitivity, specificity and overall concordance were 83.5%, 67.6% and 80.1% respectively. Conelusion:The evaluation of prognosis could be made quite accurately based on these factors.
文摘Objective: To study the expressions of (CSC), bladder transitional cell cancer metallothionein and the significances in cervical squamous cell cancer (BTC), esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESC), gastral tubular adenocarcinoma (GC) and large intestinal tubular adenocarcinoma (LIC). Methods: lmmunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression rates of MT in five types of cancer tissue. Results: The expression rates of MT were 75.00% (24/32) in ESC, 52.27% (46/88) in GTC, 59.46% (44/74) in LIC, 64.86% (48/74) in BTC and 58.57% (41/70) in CSC respectively. The positive rates of MT expression were higher in low differentiation and deep muscular group than those in medium or high differentiation and superficial muscular invasion group (P〈0.05). Conclusion: The expression of MT is related to differentiation degree and invasion degree.
基金Supported by A grant from the research unit,Mansoura University
文摘AIM:To evaluate the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),p53,and the H-ras oncogene and different clinicopathological parameters in Egyptian patients with Schistosoma-associated transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.METHODS:The study included 50 patients with transitional cell carcinoma for whom radical cystectomy and urinary diversions were carried out.VEGF and p53 protein expressions were evaluated with an immunohistochemical staining method,and H-ras oncogene mutations were analyzed with a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) technique.RESULTS:High grade tumors revealed higher p53 immunostaining than low grade tumors(P = 0.016).p53 and VEGF protein expressions,as well as H-ras oncogene mutations,had an insignificant impact on patient outcomes(P = 0.962,P = 0.791,and P = 967,respectively).Cancer extension to regional lymph nodes was associated with poor outcomes(P = 0.008).CONCLUSION:VEGF,p53 and the H-ras oncogene have no relation to patient survival and outcome in Schistosoma-associated transitional cell carcinoma.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:82171177,82173076Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Foundation,Grant/Award Number:19ZR1430600+6 种基金Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Development Center,Grant/Award Number:SHDC2020CR4062Key Specialty Construction Project of Pudong Health and Family Planning Commission of Shanghai,Grant/Award Number:PWZxq2017-06Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty,Grant/Award Number:shslczdzk03601Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Peri-operative Organ Support and Function Preservation,Grant/Award Number:20DZ2254200Shanghai 2021“Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”domestic science and technology cooperation project,Grant/Award Number:21015801500Innovative research team of high-level local universities in Shanghai,Grant/Award Number:SHSMU-ZLCX20212601STI2030-Major Projects,Grant/Award Number:2022ZD0206200。
文摘Background:μ-opioid receptor agonists(MORAs)are indispensable for analgesia in bladder cancer(BC)patients,both during surgery and for chronic pain treatment.Whether MORAs affect BC progression and metastasis remains largely unknown.This study focused on the effects of MORAs on the formation of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)in BC and aimed to provide potential therapeutic targets,which would retain the pain-relieving effects of MORAs in BC patients without sacrificing their long-term prognosis.Methods:Different preclinical models were used to identify the effects of MORAs on the progression of BC.A novel immunocapture microfluidic chip was utilized to analyze whether MORAs affected the number of CTCs in mouse models and clinical BC patients.Bioinformatic analyses,total transcriptome sequencing,and molecular biology methods were then used to investigate the underlying mechanisms in these models and in BC cell lines.Results:Mouse models of hematogenous metastasis and in situ BC demonstrated that tumor metastasis was significantly increased after MORA treatment.A significant increase in the number of mesenchymal and/or epithelial CTCs was detected after MORA treatment in both the mouse models and clinical trial patients.Mechanistically,MORAs facilitated the formation of CTCs by activating the MOR/PI3K/AKT/Slug signaling pathway,hereby promoting the epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)of BC cells,as knockdown of MOR,Slug or blockade of PI3K inhibited the EMT process and CTC formation.Conclusion:MORAs promoted BC metastasis by facilitating CTC formation.The EMT-CTC axis could be targeted for preventive measures during MORA treatment to inhibit the associated tumormetastasis or recurrence in BC patients.
基金Supported by a grant from the Hebei Province Science Foundation (No. 03276117)
文摘Objective: To study the expressions and significations of metallothionein (MT) in cervical squamous cell cancer (CSC), bladder transitional cell cancer (BTC) and breast cancer (BC) of woman. Methods: Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expresses rate of MT in three types of woman cancer tissue. Results: The expressions rates of MT were 54.35% (29/46) in BTC, 67.05% (59/88) in BC and 57.14% (40/70) in CSC. The positive rate of MT expression was higher in low differentiation group than well differentiation group in BTC and CSC (P < 0.05). Positive of MT in lobular cancer was significance higher than medullary and duct cancers (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of MT is related to differentiation degree, and it is a guidance for clinical choice of chemotherapy project.
文摘An 87-year-old-man with prostate-cancer-stage-T1cGleason-6 treated with radiotherapy in 1996, recurrent prostate cancer treated with leuprolide hormonal therapy in 2009, and bladder-urothelial-carcinoma in situ treated with Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin and adriamycin in 2010, presented in 2015 with painless, bright red blood per rectum coating stools daily for 5 mo. Rectal examination revealed bright red blood per rectum; and a hard, fixed, 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm mass at the normal prostate location. The hemoglobin was 7.6 g/d L(iron saturation = 8.4%,indicating iron-deficiency-anemia). AbdominopelvicCT-angiography revealed focal wall thickening at the bladder neck; a mass containing an air cavity replacing the normal prostate; and adjacent rectal invasion. Colonoscopy demonstrated an ulcerated, oozing, multinodular, friable, 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm mass in anterior rectal wall, at the usual prostate location. Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of colonoscopic biopsies of the mass revealed poorly-differentiatedcarcinoma of urothelial origin. At visceral angiography, the right-superior-rectal-artery was embolized to achieve hemostasis. The patient subsequently developed multiple new metastases and expired 13 mo postembolization. Comprehensive literature review revealed 16 previously reported cases of rectal involvement from bladder urothelial carcinoma, including 11 cases from direct extension and 5 cases from metastases. Patient age averaged 63.7 ± 9.6 years(all patients male). Rectal involvement was diagnosed on average 13.5 ± 11.8 mo after initial diagnosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma. Symptoms included constipation/gastrointestinal obstruction-6, weight loss-5, diarrhea-3, anorexia-3, pencil thin stools-3, tenesmus-2, anorectal pain-2, and other-5. Rectal examination in 9 patients revealed annular rectal constriction-6, and rectal mass-3. The current patient had the novel presentation of daily bright red blood per rectum coating the stools simulating hemorrhoidal bleeding; the novel mechanism of direct bladder urothelial carcinoma extension into rectal mucosa via the prostate; and the novel aforementioned colonoscopic findings underlying the clinical presentation.
文摘为评价尿膀胱癌抗原(urinary bladder cancer antigen,UBC)在膀胱移行细胞癌(BTCC)中的诊断价值,采用ELISA法对53例BTCC患者、25例泌尿系统良性疾病患者和13例健康志愿者进行UBC检测,并同时行尿细胞学检查。结果显示:(1)BTCC患者UBC平均含量为26.26±28.49μg/L,与泌尿系统良性疾病患者和健康志愿者相比(9.41±9.63μg/L、1.73±0.79μg/L),均有显著性差异(P均<0.01)。(2)以7.5μg/L为最适临界值时,UBC诊断BTCC的敏感性和特异性分别为86.8%、76.3%,与尿细胞学检查(32.1%、97.4%)相比,均有显著性差异(P均<0.01)。结论:UBC具有简便、敏感和无创的特点,可作为辅助诊断BTCC的尿肿瘤标志物。
文摘目的:探讨AMP依赖的蛋白激酶α(AMP-activated protein kinaseα,AMPKα)过表达对膀胱癌T24细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT的作用及其机制。方法:建立AMPKα过表达的膀胱癌T24细胞株,依据转染质粒的不同分为T24空白组、pc-DNA空载组和pc-AMPKα组。用Wb检测T24细胞AMPKα、EMT相关蛋白及EMT通路相关分子的表达水平,用Hoechst染色法检测转染后T24细胞的凋亡,CCK-8法检测T24细胞的增殖,细胞划痕愈合实验检测T24细胞的迁移,Transwell实验检测细胞的侵袭。结果:成功构建AMPKα过表达的膀胱癌T24细胞株。与T24空白组和pc-DNA空载组比较,pc-AMPKα组T24细胞上皮钙黏蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.01)、波形蛋白和神经钙黏蛋白表达水平显著降低(均P<0.01),EMT通路相关信号分子P38、STAT3活性受到显著抑制(均P<0.01),细胞发生明显凋亡、增殖能力显著减弱(均P<0.01);T24细胞迁移和侵袭能力显著降低(均P<0.01)。结论:AMPKα过表达可使EMT通路相关分子活性受到抑制,使得膀胱癌T24细胞发生明显凋亡、增殖受限并使其侵袭和迁移能力降低及伴随EMT的逆转。