Liver is characteristic of all vertebrates.As a critical hub for many physiological processes including metabolism,innate immunity,protein synthesis and detoxification,its evolutionary origin was largely underapprecia...Liver is characteristic of all vertebrates.As a critical hub for many physiological processes including metabolism,innate immunity,protein synthesis and detoxification,its evolutionary origin was largely underappreciated in history,and only received due attention in recent decades.It has been suggested by morphological,ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies that the hepatic caecum of amphioxus is homologous to the liver of vertebrate species.Molecular biology studies demonstrated that amphioxus hepatic caecum expresses plenty of vertebrate liver-specific genes.Our functional studies revealed significant similarities between amphioxus hepatic caecum and vertebrate liver.We also found that the functions of hepatic caecum are subjected to the regulation of pituitary hormones just as the liver does.These provide solid evidences supporting the notion that the hepatic caecum is the homologue of liver,which may represent the first stage in chordate evolution,laying a foundation for the subsequent formation of the liver as we know it in vertebrates.Further studies on the specification and morphogenesis of hepatic caecum in amphioxus will shed more lights on the origin and evolution of vertebrate liver.展开更多
In colon cancer surgery,ensuring the complete removal of the primary tumor and draining lymph nodes is crucial.Lymphatic drainage in the colon follows the vascular supply,typically progressing from pericolic to paraao...In colon cancer surgery,ensuring the complete removal of the primary tumor and draining lymph nodes is crucial.Lymphatic drainage in the colon follows the vascular supply,typically progressing from pericolic to paraaortic lymph nodes.While NCCN guidelines recommend the removal of 10-12 lymph nodes for ade-quate oncological resection,achieving complete oncological resection involves more than just meeting these numerical targets.Various techniques have been developed and studied over time to attain optimal oncological outcomes.A key technique central to this goal is identifying the ileocolic vessels at their origin from the superior mesenteric vessels.Complete excision of the visceral and parietal mesocolon ensures the intact removal of the specimen,while D3 lymphade-nectomy targets all draining regional lymph nodes.Although these principles emphasize different aspects,they ultimately converge to achieve the same goal of complete oncological resection.This article aims to simplify the surgical steps that align with the principle of central vascular ligation and mesocolon mobilization while ensuring adequate D3 dissection.展开更多
Solitary caecal diverticulum is an uncommon entity and therefore it is difficult to diagnose except during surgery exploration. It is extremely difficult to differentiate it preoperatively from acute appendicitis. We ...Solitary caecal diverticulum is an uncommon entity and therefore it is difficult to diagnose except during surgery exploration. It is extremely difficult to differentiate it preoperatively from acute appendicitis. We report a case of an enlarged colon segment, presenting macroscopically as tumor diverticulum in a 27-year-old female patient, presenting with a 2 day history of a severe abdominal right lower quadrant pain with accompanying anorexia, nausea, vomiting and high body temperature. After clinical assessment, laboratory examination, X-ray, and CT are performed, the indication for surgical treatment is set.展开更多
A common problem in rabbit production is the occurrence of digestive disorders just after weaning, and fiber is well known to be bcncficiai for rabbit gastrointestinal health. In order to test the hypothesis that w...A common problem in rabbit production is the occurrence of digestive disorders just after weaning, and fiber is well known to be bcncficiai for rabbit gastrointestinal health. In order to test the hypothesis that whether the good points of fiber increases with its dietary content, three isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets and ninety mixed-sex New Zealand rabbits weaned 35-d-old were used. The results can be concluded as following： （1） Average daily feed intake （ADFI） tended to increase （i〉=0.058） while average daily gain （ADG） （p=0.001） and feed conversion ratio （FCR） （p〈0.001） deteriorated with increasing dietary ADF content. The highest morbidity was observed in the rabbits fed the highest dietary ADF concentration. （2）A decreasing coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility （CTTAD） of dry matter （DM） and crude protein （CP） was obtained with the increase of dietary fiber level （p〈0.001 and =0.003）. （3） A significant negative effect of treatments on sucrase and maltase activities in the jejunum was observed （p=0.001 and 0.003）. （4） The volatile fatty acid （VFA） concentration （p=0.011） and butyric acid （% total VFA） （P=0.001） dropped while the NH3-N concentration （P〈0.001）, pH （P=0.004） and acetic acid （% total VFA） （P〈0.001） increased with increasing dietary ADF. It was concluded that high fiber level was unfavorable to the rabbits in the first two weeks after weaning.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.32270434。
文摘Liver is characteristic of all vertebrates.As a critical hub for many physiological processes including metabolism,innate immunity,protein synthesis and detoxification,its evolutionary origin was largely underappreciated in history,and only received due attention in recent decades.It has been suggested by morphological,ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies that the hepatic caecum of amphioxus is homologous to the liver of vertebrate species.Molecular biology studies demonstrated that amphioxus hepatic caecum expresses plenty of vertebrate liver-specific genes.Our functional studies revealed significant similarities between amphioxus hepatic caecum and vertebrate liver.We also found that the functions of hepatic caecum are subjected to the regulation of pituitary hormones just as the liver does.These provide solid evidences supporting the notion that the hepatic caecum is the homologue of liver,which may represent the first stage in chordate evolution,laying a foundation for the subsequent formation of the liver as we know it in vertebrates.Further studies on the specification and morphogenesis of hepatic caecum in amphioxus will shed more lights on the origin and evolution of vertebrate liver.
文摘In colon cancer surgery,ensuring the complete removal of the primary tumor and draining lymph nodes is crucial.Lymphatic drainage in the colon follows the vascular supply,typically progressing from pericolic to paraaortic lymph nodes.While NCCN guidelines recommend the removal of 10-12 lymph nodes for ade-quate oncological resection,achieving complete oncological resection involves more than just meeting these numerical targets.Various techniques have been developed and studied over time to attain optimal oncological outcomes.A key technique central to this goal is identifying the ileocolic vessels at their origin from the superior mesenteric vessels.Complete excision of the visceral and parietal mesocolon ensures the intact removal of the specimen,while D3 lymphade-nectomy targets all draining regional lymph nodes.Although these principles emphasize different aspects,they ultimately converge to achieve the same goal of complete oncological resection.This article aims to simplify the surgical steps that align with the principle of central vascular ligation and mesocolon mobilization while ensuring adequate D3 dissection.
文摘Solitary caecal diverticulum is an uncommon entity and therefore it is difficult to diagnose except during surgery exploration. It is extremely difficult to differentiate it preoperatively from acute appendicitis. We report a case of an enlarged colon segment, presenting macroscopically as tumor diverticulum in a 27-year-old female patient, presenting with a 2 day history of a severe abdominal right lower quadrant pain with accompanying anorexia, nausea, vomiting and high body temperature. After clinical assessment, laboratory examination, X-ray, and CT are performed, the indication for surgical treatment is set.
文摘A common problem in rabbit production is the occurrence of digestive disorders just after weaning, and fiber is well known to be bcncficiai for rabbit gastrointestinal health. In order to test the hypothesis that whether the good points of fiber increases with its dietary content, three isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets and ninety mixed-sex New Zealand rabbits weaned 35-d-old were used. The results can be concluded as following： （1） Average daily feed intake （ADFI） tended to increase （i〉=0.058） while average daily gain （ADG） （p=0.001） and feed conversion ratio （FCR） （p〈0.001） deteriorated with increasing dietary ADF content. The highest morbidity was observed in the rabbits fed the highest dietary ADF concentration. （2）A decreasing coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility （CTTAD） of dry matter （DM） and crude protein （CP） was obtained with the increase of dietary fiber level （p〈0.001 and =0.003）. （3） A significant negative effect of treatments on sucrase and maltase activities in the jejunum was observed （p=0.001 and 0.003）. （4） The volatile fatty acid （VFA） concentration （p=0.011） and butyric acid （% total VFA） （P=0.001） dropped while the NH3-N concentration （P〈0.001）, pH （P=0.004） and acetic acid （% total VFA） （P〈0.001） increased with increasing dietary ADF. It was concluded that high fiber level was unfavorable to the rabbits in the first two weeks after weaning.
文摘拟探讨青蒿素抗鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)的作用机制。将试验鸡随机分为空白对照组、攻毒对照组和青蒿素药物组,于攻毒后120h,收集试验鸡的盲肠并提取E.tenella第二代裂殖子。通过红细胞计数法计算第二代裂殖子数量;SYBR Green I荧光定量PCR检测第二代裂殖子微线基因(EtMIC1、EtMIC2、EtMIC3、EtMIC4、EtMIC5)mRNA相对转录量及扫描电镜观察试验鸡盲肠组织的病理学变化。结果表明:与攻毒对照组比较,青蒿素组的球虫第二代裂殖子数量降低了25.37%(P<0.05),同时裂殖子中微线基因EtMIC1、EtMIC2、EtMIC4的mRNA转录水平均显著下调(P<0.05),EtMIC3、EtMIC5则极显著下调(P<0.01);青蒿素组盲肠的病理组织结构也得到改善。青蒿素减轻鸡盲肠组织病变可能与其下调EtMICs mRNA转录并使裂殖子数量减少有关。
