Clinical significance of the detection of Rh blood group antigens and irregular antibodies in pregnant women with a second pregnancy

Objective:To investigate the phenotype distribution of five antigens of Rh blood group system and the specificity of Rh blood group irregular antibodies in pregnant women with second child.To analyze the relationship between Rh blood group antibody and hemolytic disease of the newborn(HDN)in second-child pregnant women,and to provide laboratory basis for the diagnosis and treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn(Rh-HDN).Methods:500 pregnant women with second child were collected as the study group and 500 pregnant women with first pregnancy as the control group(all pregnant women underwent obstetric examination in the integrated obsteric clinic of our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021).To detectethe Rh blood group antigens(D,C,c,E,e)of the two groups of samples,screene the irregular antibodies,identify the specificity of irregular antibodies,determine the titer and record the hemolytic disease of the newborn of pregnant women with positive Rh blood group antibodies.Results:There were 11 Rh phenotypes in the pregnant women with second child in the study group:CCDee(152cases,30.4%),CcDEe(136cases,27.2%)CcDee(84cases,16.8%),ccDEE(30cases,6%),ccDee(31cases,6.2%),CCDEe(14cases,2.8%),ccDEe(9cases,1.8%),cc dee(18cases,3.6%),CCDEE(2cases,0.4%),CcdEe(12cases,2.4%),Ccdee(6cases,1.2%),CCd ee(6cases,1.2%).A total of 42 cases(8.4%)in the pregnant women with second child were negative for RhD.There were 10 Rh phenotypes in the pregnant women with first pregnancy in the control group:CCDee(144cases,28.8%),CcDEe(138cases,27.6%),CcDee(90cases,18%),ccDEE(42cases,8.4%),ccDee(28cases,5.6%),CCDEe(10cases,2%),ccDEe(8cases,1.6%),cc dee(19cases,3.8%),CCDEE(1cases,0.2%),CcdEe(11cases,2.2%),Ccdee(9cases,1.8%).A total of 39 cases(7.8%)in the pregnant women with first pregnancy were negative for RhD.In the pregnant women with second child in the study group,the positive rate of irregular antibody screening was 4.0%(20/500),and the specificity of Rh blood group antibodies was found as follows:anti-E 1.8%(9/500),anti-D 1.4%(7/500),anti-C 0.4%(2/500)and anti-Ec 0.4%(2/500).The positive rate of irregular antibody screening in the pregnant women with first pregnancy in the control group was 0,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Rh-HDN was found in 10 newborns(2%)of the 20 women with positive irregular antibodies in the pregnant women with second child,and the antibody titer during pregnancy was more than 32.No Rh-HDN occurred in newborns in the pregnant women with first pregnancy,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Pregnancy stimulation can increase the probability of irregular antibodies in pregnant women,and irregular antibodies in Rh blood group can easily cause Rh-HDN,so attention should be paid to routine detection of five antigens of Rh blood group and irregular antibody screening during prenatal examination.It is helpful for the early detection of Rh-blood irregular antibodies and the assessment of fetal or neonatal risk of Rh-HDN.

Tumor-Specific Histo-Blood Group Antigens: Apropos of Two Cases

Cancer cells with immunogenic properties having altered protein glycosylation, modified blood group substances have been widely studied. Due to the genetic instability occurring during carcinogenesis the glycosyltransferases may suffer from posttranslation sequence modification. The author describes 2 autopsy cases, where in the background of the unusual metastatic tumor presentation, incompatible blood group antigenic determinants have been demonstrated using blood group specific lectins and monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the first case, reported here, a 10-year-old girl developed an acute myeloid leukemia and died in a septic endotoxin shock after successful cytostatic treatment of a juvenile signet ring cell cancer of her colon. At autopsy there were no signs of tumor except bilateral apple-sized mucinous ovarian (Krukenberg) metastases. While she had erythrocyte phenotype of blood group A, the signet ring adenocarcinoma cells expressed blood group B incompatible antigenic determinants with lectin/mAb. In the second case, the autopsy of a 78-year-old female resulted in no macroscopic tumor sign except a moderately enlarged, ham hard spleen. Light microscopy revealed adenocarcinomatous infiltration in the splenic sinusoids. The patient had blood group O, while the metastatic cells in the spleen reacted with Breast Carcinoma Antigen (BioGenex) and incompatible anti-B Banderiaeasimplicifolia agglutinin I and anti-B mAb. It proved to be a case of an occult, completely regressed breast cancer. Based on these observations the expression of tumor specific incompatible blood group antigens might occur from time to time, mostly in adenocarcinomas. Accordingly, blood group-based specific immuno-oncotherapy could be considered in some cancer cases.

Relationship of A,B,H blood group antigens with pathomorphological grading and prognosis of transitional-cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder

After being labelled with monoclonal antibodies against A,B, H blood group antigens,100 specimens of transitional-cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder were studied with ABC immunohistochemical technique and the cases were followed up.It was found that the overall positive rate of A,B,H antigens was 63%. The mortality rate and recurrence were significantly lower in the positive group than in the negative group(P<0.01)and 5-years survival rate was higher in the positive than in the negative(P<0.01).The findings suggest that the expression of blood group antigens is more effective for the prognosis of transitional-cell bladder carcinoma than the pathomorphological grading.

Blood group type antigens in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

BACKGROUND: There are few data on blood group(BG) types and types of pancreatic cancers. The aims of this study were to study BG types and BG-antigens in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs). METHODS: BG type and tumor BG-antigen(glycoprotein) expression(studied by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays) were analyzed with regard to characteristics of 101 surgically resected pancreatic IPMNs. RESULTS: Non-O BG type predicted invasive carcinoma independently from high serum CA19-9 and male gender. BG type A was observed more frequently in women than in men. Chronic pancreatitis was more frequently seen in patients with BG type B or AB. Aberrant tumor expression(with regard to BG type) of loss of A antigen expression type occurred in 15.0% of IPMNs and of loss of B antigen expression type in 62.5% of IPMNs. Intraneoplasm BG-antigen expression was not related to dysplasia grade or invasion. CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggest that in pancreatic IPMN, non-O BG type predicted invasive carcinoma, whereas for intratumor BG-antigen expression no specific patterns were detected with regard to the progression of glandular epithelial dysplasia or invasion.

Identification and Characterization of Peptide Mimics of Blood Group A Antigen

In order to investigate peptide mimics of carbohydrate blood group A antigen, a phage display 12-mer peptide library was screened with a monoclonal antibody against blood group A antigen, NaM87-1F6. The antibody-binding properties of the selected phage peptides were evaluated by phage ELISA and phage capture assay. The peptides were co-expressed as glutathione S-transferase （GST） fusion proteins. RBC agglutination inhibition assay was performed to assess the natural blood group A antigen-mimicking ability of the fusion proteins. The results showed that seven phage clones selected bound to NaM87-1F6 specifically, among which, 6 clones bore the same peptide sequence, EYWYCGMNRTGC and another harbored a different one QIWYERTLPFTF. The two peptides were successfully expressed at the N terminal of GST protein. Both of the fusion proteins inhibited the RBC agglutination mediated by anti-A serum in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggested that the fusion proteins based on the selected peptides could mimic the blood group A antigen and might be used as anti-A antibody-adsorbing materials when immunoabsorption was applied in ABO incompatible transplantation.

Blood groups, hemoglobin phenotypes and clinical disorders of consanguineous Yansi population

AIM:To study frequency of blood groups,prevalence of sickle-cell anemia trait and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency(G6PD),among consanguineous Yansi tribe.METHODS:A total of 525 blood samples were collected,of which 256 among the Yansi population,and269 for the unrelated control group in the Bandunduprovince of Democratic Republic of Congo.Blood group antigens were determined in the following systems:ABO,Rh,Kell,Duffy,Kidd and MNS.Blood grouping and extended phenotype tests were performed according to standard immunohematological procedures.Spot tests and tandem mass spectrometry were used respectively for the assessment of G6PD and sickle-cell anemia trait.RESULTS:The frequency of ABO phenotypes conformed to the following order O>A>B>AB with notably 62.5%,23.8%,12.1%and 1.6%for the Yansi,and 54.6%,27.5%,14.1%and 3.7%for the unrelated control group,respectively(P=0.19).As for the Rh phenotypes,the most frequent were cc D.ee,cc D.Ee,Cc D.ee,corresponding to 71.5%,12.1%and 12.1%for the Yansi,and 70.6%,15.6%and 8.2%,for the unrelated control group(P=0.27).The frequency of MN and Ss phenotypes were statistically different between groups(P=0.0021 and P=0.0006).G6PD was observed in 11.3%of subjects in the Yansi group,and in 12.4%of controls(P=0.74).The sickle-cell anemia trait was present in 22.4%of Yansi subjects and 17.8%in the control group(P=0.24).Miscarriages and deaths in young age were more common among Yansi people.CONCLUSION:This study shows a significant difference in MNS blood group distribution between the Yansi tribe and a control population.The distribution of other blood groups and the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies did not differ in the Yansi tribe.

E．coli O86 O-Antigen全保护五糖重复单元的化学简易合成

以5个单糖组分为原料,经过7步,以21%的总产率得到E.coliO86抗原全保护的五糖重复单元.在合成路线中,充分利用糖基化反应的立体选择性原则,结合HClO4-SiO2固体催化剂和"IP"策略,大大提高了合成的效率.整个合成路线设计操作简单,选择性高,消耗低,产率高,可以用于快速高效地合成其它一些具有生物活性的寡糖分子.

中国人输血产生RhCE同种抗体的风险和预防策略

目的探索一种评估输血产生RhCE同种抗体风险的新途径,并制定选择RhCE相容供者的策略。方法根据兰德施泰纳法则和群体遗传学原理,确定在随机输血中供者与受者RhCE抗原错配的组合,根据中国人Rh血型分布大数据资料,计算错配组合的概率以及找到相容供者的机会。结果分析文献报告的458542例中国人RhD、C、c、E和e抗原分型资料,结果表明在只采用RhD同型输血的策略中,RhCE抗原错配占全部输血的25.16%,其中Rh表型DCCee、DccEE、DCcee和DccEe错配分别占比14.97%、5.01%、2.21%和2.26%,表型Dccee、DCCEE、DCCEe和DCcEE错配合计占比0.71%。Rh表型DCcEe个体可以接受任何Rh表型供者的血液。结论中国人Rh血型以高频率DCe单倍型为特征,Rh表型DCCee个体是随机输血后产生RhCE同种抗体的高风险群体。RhC、c、E和e抗原分型对寻找Rh抗原匹配供者有重要意义。使用常见RhCE表型相容供者的输血,可以预防大约90%的受者产生RhCE同种抗体。

GI.5和GII.4诺如病毒P蛋白的克隆表达及与长牡蛎类HBGAs的结合特性

为明确人诺如病毒(human norovirus,HuNoV)与长牡蛎类组织血型抗原(histo-blood group antigens,HBGAs)的结合特性,本实验运用大肠杆菌表达系统,克隆表达了基因簇I.5(genogroup I.5,GI.5)和GII.4 HuNoV P蛋白,采用酶联免疫吸附测定研究HuNoV P蛋白与唾液HBGAs和长牡蛎类HBGAs的结合特性。结果表明,GII.4 HuNoV与唾液A型、B型、AB型和O型HBGAs均有较好的结合,而GI.5 HuNoV与B型HBGAs结合较弱,与O型HBGAs具有明显的结合优势。GI.5和GII.4 HuNoV在长牡蛎鳃、消化腺和外套膜中均可富集,其中在消化腺中富集最多,二者主要与类A型和H1型HBGAs结合,GII.4HuNoV与类Lea型、Leb型、Lex型和Ley型HBGAs有不同程度的结合,而GI.5 HuNoV与类Leb型HBGAs仅微弱结合,与类H1型HBGAs具有明显结合优势。综上,不同型别HuNoV与HBGAs的结合特性不尽相同,GII.4HuNoV具有广谱结合特性,GI.5HuNoV具有选择结合特性。

血液病患者异基因造血干细胞移植后Rh血型转变研究

目的检测血液病患者造血干细胞移植(HSCT)前供、受者及移植后患者的Rh血型抗原C、c、E、e,探究受者Rh血型抗原转变为供者Rh血型抗原C、c、E、e转变时间与过程。方法收集HSCT前供、受者以及移植后患者的抗凝全血标本,用微柱凝胶卡检测ABO血型、Rh血型,统计分析并比较ABO、Rh血型抗原转变与时间。结果排除红细胞输注的影响,58例HSCT患者Rh血型抗原C、c、E、e完全转变为供者的Rh血型抗原所需时间为(57.81±8.99)d,患者的年龄和血液病种类影响Rh血型抗原转换时间,性别、移植方式和供受者ABO血型相合性对Rh抗原转变时间无影响。移植后第3周部分患者开始出现少量供者红细胞,第4周开始检测到混和嵌合状态,第7~10周Rh血型抗原完全转变。此外,比较25例供、受者ABO血型和Rh血型均不相同的HSCT患者的Rh血型抗原转变时间和ABO血型转变时间,Rh血型抗原转变时间较ABO更短,差异具有统计学意义。结论定期检测HSCT患者移植后Rh血型抗原可以作为辅助判断移植效果的指标之一,对HSCT患者移植后输注Rh血型相容性的红细胞具有指导意义。

广西贺州地区无偿献血人群Mur血型筛查及基因型研究

目的 筛查广西贺州地区无偿献血者Mur血型抗原分布频率,并对Mur抗原阳性样本进一步分析其分子基础。方法 采用微孔板血型血清学方法筛查广西贺州地区无偿献血者Mur表型,分析Mur血型抗原在不同少数民族人群中分布频率。对血清学筛查结果阳性样本通过PCR-SSP方法进行基因定型,验证血清学方法的准确性,并测序分析其基因背景。结果 在3 298例贺州地区无偿献血者标本中筛选出Mur抗原阳性432例(13.10%,432/3 298),PCR-SSP基因分型验证显示432例标本均为电泳阳性。其中,汉族献血者Mur抗原阳性占比12.79%(331/2 587),瑶族13.25%(64/483),壮族16.51%(36/218),3组数据无统计学差异(P>0.05)。进一步的测序结果显示,其中428例为GYP(B-A-B)Mur,即GYP.Mur型(12.98%,428/3 298),其余4例为GYP(B-A-B)Bun,即GYP.Bun型(0.12%,4/3 298)。结论 广西贺州地区无偿献血人群Mur血型频率较高,且以GYP.Mur基因型为主。由于民族融合等因素,汉族与壮族、瑶族等少数民族Mur血型分布频率无显著性差异。因此,本地区广泛开展Mur血型抗原抗体检测,对于保障临床输血安全具有重要意义。

临床实验室ABO血型检测技术规范深圳专家共识

临床实验室检测ABO血型需满足输血治疗对时限性的要求,必须做到快速、准确分型。达到这一要求,实验室技术人员需掌握ABO血型检测的底层逻辑、反应格局的设置、凝集强度判断标准、结果判断标准、干扰因素的排除、漏检抗原的确认、试验方法选择等基础理论与试验技能以及报告方式。

桂北地区Rh血型系统分布及Rh分型配合性输注的临床应用价值

目的探讨桂北地区人群Rh血型系统C、E、c、e抗原和表型分布情况,分析RhC、E、c、e表型配合性输注的疗效,为临床Rh表型配合性输注提供参考依据。方法选取2021年9月至2022年4月该院9645例血液标本作为研究对象,其中RhD阳性标本9610例,RhD阴性标本35例。检测并分析9610例RhD阳性标本RhC、E、c、e抗原和表型分布情况。另选取2021年7月至2023年7月该院收治的有输血史或妊娠史的210例输血患者进行配血观察研究。在ABO和RhD同型的基础上,将210例输血患者分为RhC、E、c、e配合性输注组(观察组,105例)和非配合性输注组(对照组,105例)。两组输注去白细胞红细胞悬液2 U,检测两组输血前后白细胞计数(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、血红蛋白(Hb)水平和红细胞压积(HCT),记录两组输注后红细胞输注有效率、不规则抗体阳性率及不良反应发生率。结果桂北地区RhD阳性抗原阳性率为99.64%(9610/9645)。9610例RhD阳性血型主要抗原C、c、E、e的分布频率分别为94.09%(9042/9610)、41.43%(3981/9610)、33.04%(3176/9610)、96.44%(9268/9610)。9610例RhD阳性标本中,有9种形式,其表型及分布频率分别为CCDee(57.76%,5551/9610)、CcDEe(26.56%,2552/9610)、CcDee(8.76%,842/9610)、ccDEE(3.34%,321/9610)、ccDEe(2.14%,206/9610)、CCDEe(0.79%,76/9610)、ccDee(0.43%,41/9610)、CcDEE(0.20%,19/9610)、CCDEE(0.02%,2/9610)。两组输血前Hb水平、HCT、WBC及PLT比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组输血后Hb水平、HCT均高于输血前,观察组输血后WBC低于输血前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组输血后Hb水平、HCT均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。输血后两组红细胞输注有效率、不规则抗体阳性率及不良反应发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论桂北地区人群Rh表型为CCDee和CcDEe占优势,表型CCDEE最少。有妊娠史或需反复输血患者,在ABO和RhD同型基础上,优选Rh表型配合性血制品进行输注,可减少Rh系统抗体的产生,降低输血不良反应的发生率,提高患者红细胞输注效果,保障输血的安全性和治疗效果。

急性髓系白血病血型变化及其与治疗效果的关系

目的探究2名血型正反定型不符且疑似O型的急性髓系白血病患者血型变化,及其与疾病治疗效果的关系。方法血型鉴定使用微柱凝胶法、试管法、吸收放散试验对患者ABO血型做血型血清学分析;微流控芯片法检测ABO的血型基因分型,采用PCR法扩增ABO基因外显子E2~E7,扩增产物用Sanger法进行基因测序。结果2例的常规血型血清学检测结果,均为正定O型,反定A型,正反不符,吸收放散试验结果均有A抗原检出;2例的ABO基因表型均为A型;基因分型结果分别为A_(102)/A_(102);A_(102)/O_(01),基因测序结果显示ABO血型基因SNP位点分别为:467T/T;261G/delG、467C/T。其中1例,随着治疗的有效进展,与抗-A凝集反应强度出现明显地由弱到强的变化。结论在临床中遇到正反定型不符且疑似O型的急性髓系白血病患者标本,我们应重视反定型结果的参考价值,须做吸收放散试验,并结合基因检测结果,做出正确的血型判断,为患者制定合适的输血策略。

微柱凝胶检验法在RhD、ABO血型抗原鉴定中的应用价值分析

目的探讨微柱凝胶检验法在RhD、ABO血型抗原鉴定中的应用价值。方法120例需行RhD及ABO血型鉴定患者,将所有取得的血样分为两份,分别使用试管法及手工微柱凝胶免疫检验法(微柱凝胶检验法)对血型进行分析。比较两种检测方式的鉴定结果。结果120例患者血样经试管法及微柱凝胶检验法检测后,结果均发现ABO阳性112例(其中A型34例,B型33例,AB型11例,O型34例),ABO阳性率为93.33%;RhD阴性1例,RhD阴性率为0.83%。两种方法的抗原检测结果符合率为100.00%,两种方法检测血型结果比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论微柱凝胶检验法应用在RhD、ABO血型抗原鉴定中,操作简便,准确率高,值得在临床中推广应用。

全自动血型分析系统检测Kk血型抗原方法的建立与验证

目的针对BECKMAN PK7300全自动血型分析系统检测Kk血型抗原建立非配套检测方法并进行验证,为后期常规开展Kk抗原检测提供基础数据支持。方法随机抽取青岛市中心血站2021年11月—2022年4月的40名无偿献血者样本。基于相关文献查阅梳理结果,优化试验参数选择孵育温度、试剂加注量、稀释标本加注量,根据设备厂家推荐参数评价验证样本红细胞的稀释浓度、抗-K和抗-k血清的稀释浓度对样本检测的影响。结果利用PK7300全自动血型分析仪进行非配套检测Kk抗原后得到的各项参数为样本红细胞和抗-K、抗-k血清的稀释浓度分别为1.50%和1∶20;孵育温度和时间分别为30℃和1 h;试剂和样本的反应体积相同,均为25μL。结论针对Kk抗原检测建立的PK7300非配套血型检测系统得出的实验参数特异性好、敏感度高,符合实验预期。经过对样本及试剂稀释倍数的检测验证,有助于本研究建立的检测系统进行稀有血型批量检测准确判读和检测效率的提升,同时可降低试剂损耗。

广西地中海贫血患者同种异体免疫发生情况分析

目的调查广西长期反复输血的地中海贫血患者同种异体免疫发生率,并鉴定同种异体抗体特异性,为临床完善输血策略、提高患者生存质量提供依据。方法利用地中海贫血管理系统,收集2017-01/2022-06月在作者医院进行输血治疗的1115例患者的资料,统计同种异体抗体阳性发生率,比较不同类型地中海贫血、民族、性别、年龄段以及同种异体抗体阳性发生率,比较不同类型地中海贫血抗体阳性和阴性患者的年龄、Hb水平,对地中海贫血抗体阳性患者抗体进行特异性鉴定。结果1115例地中海贫血患者中有92例(8.25%)抗体筛查阳性。对比重型β地中海贫血(beta-thalassemia major,β-TM)、血红蛋白H病(hemoglobin H disease,HbH),中间型β地中海贫血(beta-thalassemia intermedia,β-TI)的抗体阳性发生率最高;女性抗体阳性发生率高于男性;年龄>20岁患者的抗体阳性发生率最高。β-TM、β-TI、HbH患者中抗体阳性患者的年龄均明显高于抗体阴性患者(P<0.05)。β-TM患者中抗体阳性患者Hb水平低于抗体阴性患者(P<0.05)。地中海贫血抗体阳性患者Rh血型系统抗体及其合并其他抗体占73.92%(68/92),抗-Mur抗体及其合并其他抗体占8.70%(8/92),抗-JK~a、抗-JK~b抗体及其合并其他抗体占7.61%(7/92)。结论反复输血的广西地中海贫血患者,有较高的同种异体抗体阳性发生率,Rh血型系统抗体阳性最多。β-TI患者、汉族患者、女性患者和年龄大于20岁患者更易发生同种异体免疫反应。

中国新疆维吾尔族人群MNS、Duffy和Kel等稀有血型的基因分子遗传分析

背景:欧、美、日等都先后实施和完成了相关的稀有血型筛选项目,但国内还有较大差距,研究主要集中在南方地区汉族人群,对新疆地区维吾尔族人群稀有血型基因频率用PCR-SSP方法进行系统研究的报道较少。目的:探讨新疆维吾尔族人群红细胞MNS、Duffv、Kell、Dombrock、Diego、Kidd、Scianna、Colton和Lutheran血型系统基因频率分布情况,为人类群体遗传学及临床科学调配合适血液提供战略支撑。方法:采用PCR-SSP法对158名新疆维吾尔族人群9个稀有血型系统进行基因分型和统计学分析。结果与结论:新疆维吾尔族人群9个稀有血型基因频率依次为M=0.579 1,N=0.420 9,S=0.174 3,s=0.800 9,Fy^a=0.699 4,Fy^b=0.300 6,K1=0.015 8,K2=0.984 2,Do^a=0.234 2,Do^b=0.765 8,Di^a=0.047 4,Di^b=0.952 6,JK^a=0.541 2,JK^b=0.4526,Sc1=1.000,Sc2=0,co^a=0.994,Co^b=0.005 9,Lu^a=0,Lu^b=1.000,Au^a=0.810 2,Au^b=0.189 9,用χ~2检验比较基因型分布的观察值与期望值符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡法则(P>0.05),且发现维族人群MNS血型系统基因表现型罕见存在S^-s^-4例频率为0.025 3,Jk^(a-b-)1例频率为0.006 3。结果表明新疆维吾尔族人群MNS、Duffy、Dombrock和Diego 4种血型系统频率分布与其他种族明显不同,具有独特的自身分布频率特点;Kell、Kidd和Colton基因分布与报道的藏族、汉族其他人群分布相似又有差异;Scianna和Lutheran呈单态性分布,与藏族、汉族其他人群分布特点相同。该成果对探讨新疆维吾尔族人群起源进化、民族血液学研究以及稀有血型库的建设等方面提供了基本数据,具有重要意义。

免疫性输血反应的调查及预防研究

目的 对各类输血反应进行调查研究 ,同时建立输血前免疫血液学检查新技术 ,以预防和治疗免疫性输血反应。方法 对上海地区 13家医院的 30 776名输血病人进行调查 ,并应用改良Polybrene、简易致敏红细胞血小板血清学试验 (SEPSA)等新技术 ,进行同种特异性抗体的筛选、鉴定及交叉配型试验。结果 发生各类输血反应5 0 8例 (1.6 5 % ) ,其中检出引起免疫性输血反应的同种抗体 6 4例 (12 .6 % ) ,抗体特异性分别为血小板抗体 (包括HLA) 5 1例 ,红细胞不规则抗体 13例 ;各项新技术的应用对预防免疫性输血反应的发生具有显著相关性 (χ2 >3.84 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 使用研究建立的输血前免疫血液学新技术能有效地诊断、预防和治疗免疫性输血反应的发生 。

山东临朐胃癌高发人群和北京人群Lewis血型抗原相关SE基因多态性分析

为探讨宿主的遗传背景和幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori,H.pylori)相关胃癌的易感性之间的关系,本文采用PCR产物直接测序和PCR-RFLP的方法,检测142例山东临朐县胃癌高发人群个体(包括69例癌症患者和73例非癌个体)和93例北京正常对照个体SE基因多态性的分布特点。结果显示:sew/sew基因型在山东非癌个体和北京人群之间的分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01,OR=3.06,95%CI,1.28～7.30),sew/sew基因型在山东癌症病人和非癌个体之间分布频率无显著性差异,H.pylori感染状况与SE基因型的分布也无关联性。提示:sew/sew纯合突变在山东临朐人群中分布频率较高,可能为临朐人群的遗传标记之一。