AIM: To examine characteristics of patients with blood urea nitrogen(BUN) levels higher and lower than the normal limit.METHODS: Patient records between April 2011 and March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. During ...AIM: To examine characteristics of patients with blood urea nitrogen(BUN) levels higher and lower than the normal limit.METHODS: Patient records between April 2011 and March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. During this time, 3296 patients underwent upper endoscopy. In total, 50 male(69.2 ± 13.2 years) and 26 female(72.3 ± 10.2 years) patients were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on BUN levels: higher than the normal limit(21.0 mg/d L)(H) and lower thanthe normal limit(L). One-way analysis of variance was performed to reveal differences in the variables between the H and L groups. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the percentage of patients with gastric ulcer or gastric cancer in the H and L groups.RESULTS: White blood cell count was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0047). Hemoglobin level was lower in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0307). Glycated hemoglobin was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0264). The percentage of patients with gastric ulcer was higher in the H group(P = 0.0002). The H group contained no patients with gastric cancer.CONCLUSION: Patients with BUN ≥ 21 mg/d L might have more severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding.展开更多
Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athle...Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athletes were divided into 4 groups： group A （supplementation of Cr alone）, group B （supplementation of oligosaccharide）, group C （supplementation of oligosaccharide and Cr） and group D （placebo control group）. By using orthogonal L4 table （2a ）, the experiment was performed. There were factors including oligosaccharide （carbohydrate, CHO）, Cr and their correlation. Each factor had two levels： supplementation and no-supplementation. The results showed that the supplementation of CliO or Cr alone, combined supplementation of CHO and Cr could significantly reduce the glucose, urea nitrogen levels in blood and serum CK activity after competition in the athletes. Moreover, the effects of combined supplementation of CHO and Cr were more satisfactory. It was concluded that supplementation of CliO and Cr could promote the recovery of physical performance and athletic abilities after athletics in basketball athletes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Increased blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels have been demonstrated to be associated with broader metabolic disturbances and the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D),potentially playing a role in the development o...BACKGROUND Increased blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels have been demonstrated to be associated with broader metabolic disturbances and the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D),potentially playing a role in the development of diabetic complications,including diabetic peripheral neuropathy.AIM To examine the relationship between BUN levels and peripheral nerve function in patients with T2D.METHODS This observational study involved the systematic recruitment of 585 patients with T2D for whom BUN levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate were measured.Electromyography was used to assess peripheral motor and sensory nerve function in all patients,and overall composite Z-scores were subsequently calculated for nerve latency,amplitude,and conduction velocity(NCV)across the median,ulnar,common peroneal,posterior tibial,superficial peroneal,and sural nerves.RESULTS Across the quartiles of BUN levels,the overall composite Z-score for latency(F=38.996,P for trend<0.001)showed a significant increasing trend,whereas the overall composite Z-scores for amplitude(F=50.972,P for trend<0.001)and NCV(F=30.636,P for trend<0.001)exhibited a significant decreasing trend.Moreover,the BUN levels were closely correlated with the latency,amplitude,and NCV of each peripheral nerve.Furthermore,multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that elevated BUN levels were linked to a higher overall composite Z-score for latency(β=0.166,t=3.864,P<0.001)and lower overall composite Z-scores for amplitude(β=-0.184,t=-4.577,P<0.001)and NCV(β=-0.117,t=-2.787,P=0.006)independent of the estimated glomerular filtration rate and other clinical covariates.Additionally,when the analysis was restricted to sensory or motor nerves,elevated BUN levels remained associated with sensory or motor peripheral nerve dysfunction.CONCLUSION Increased BUN levels were independently associated with compromised peripheral nerve function in patients with T2D.展开更多
文摘AIM: To examine characteristics of patients with blood urea nitrogen(BUN) levels higher and lower than the normal limit.METHODS: Patient records between April 2011 and March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. During this time, 3296 patients underwent upper endoscopy. In total, 50 male(69.2 ± 13.2 years) and 26 female(72.3 ± 10.2 years) patients were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on BUN levels: higher than the normal limit(21.0 mg/d L)(H) and lower thanthe normal limit(L). One-way analysis of variance was performed to reveal differences in the variables between the H and L groups. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the percentage of patients with gastric ulcer or gastric cancer in the H and L groups.RESULTS: White blood cell count was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0047). Hemoglobin level was lower in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0307). Glycated hemoglobin was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0264). The percentage of patients with gastric ulcer was higher in the H group(P = 0.0002). The H group contained no patients with gastric cancer.CONCLUSION: Patients with BUN ≥ 21 mg/d L might have more severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
文摘Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athletes were divided into 4 groups： group A （supplementation of Cr alone）, group B （supplementation of oligosaccharide）, group C （supplementation of oligosaccharide and Cr） and group D （placebo control group）. By using orthogonal L4 table （2a ）, the experiment was performed. There were factors including oligosaccharide （carbohydrate, CHO）, Cr and their correlation. Each factor had two levels： supplementation and no-supplementation. The results showed that the supplementation of CliO or Cr alone, combined supplementation of CHO and Cr could significantly reduce the glucose, urea nitrogen levels in blood and serum CK activity after competition in the athletes. Moreover, the effects of combined supplementation of CHO and Cr were more satisfactory. It was concluded that supplementation of CliO and Cr could promote the recovery of physical performance and athletic abilities after athletics in basketball athletes.
基金Supported by the Social Development Projects of Nantong,No.MS12019019,No.HS2022004 and No.MS2023083the Medical Research Project of the Jiangsu Health Commission,No.Z2022058the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32101027。
文摘BACKGROUND Increased blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels have been demonstrated to be associated with broader metabolic disturbances and the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D),potentially playing a role in the development of diabetic complications,including diabetic peripheral neuropathy.AIM To examine the relationship between BUN levels and peripheral nerve function in patients with T2D.METHODS This observational study involved the systematic recruitment of 585 patients with T2D for whom BUN levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate were measured.Electromyography was used to assess peripheral motor and sensory nerve function in all patients,and overall composite Z-scores were subsequently calculated for nerve latency,amplitude,and conduction velocity(NCV)across the median,ulnar,common peroneal,posterior tibial,superficial peroneal,and sural nerves.RESULTS Across the quartiles of BUN levels,the overall composite Z-score for latency(F=38.996,P for trend<0.001)showed a significant increasing trend,whereas the overall composite Z-scores for amplitude(F=50.972,P for trend<0.001)and NCV(F=30.636,P for trend<0.001)exhibited a significant decreasing trend.Moreover,the BUN levels were closely correlated with the latency,amplitude,and NCV of each peripheral nerve.Furthermore,multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that elevated BUN levels were linked to a higher overall composite Z-score for latency(β=0.166,t=3.864,P<0.001)and lower overall composite Z-scores for amplitude(β=-0.184,t=-4.577,P<0.001)and NCV(β=-0.117,t=-2.787,P=0.006)independent of the estimated glomerular filtration rate and other clinical covariates.Additionally,when the analysis was restricted to sensory or motor nerves,elevated BUN levels remained associated with sensory or motor peripheral nerve dysfunction.CONCLUSION Increased BUN levels were independently associated with compromised peripheral nerve function in patients with T2D.
